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Kathleen Richardson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • direct electrospray printing of gradient refractive index Chalcogenide Glass films
    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017
    Co-Authors: Spencer Novak, Weiwei Deng, Pao Tai Lin, Chatdanai Lumdee, Anuradha M Agarwal, Pieter G Kik, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    A spatially varying effective refractive index gradient using Chalcogenide Glass layers is printed on a silicon wafer using an optimized electrospray (ES) deposition process. Using solution-derived Glass precursors, infrared transparent Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60 Glass films of programmed thickness are fabricated to yield a bilayer structure resulting in an effective gradient refractive index (GRIN) film. Optical and compositional analysis tools confirm the optical and physical nature of the gradient in the resulting high optical quality films, demonstrating the power of direct printing of multi-material structures compatible with planar photonic fabrication protocols. The potential application of such tailorable materials and structures as they relate to enhancement of sensitivity in Chalcogenide Glass-based planar chemical sensor device design, is presented. This method, applicable to a broad cross-section of Glass compositions, shows promise to directly deposit GRIN films with tunable refractive index prof...

  • electrospray deposition of quantum dot doped ge23sb7s70 Chalcogenide Glass films
    Thin Solid Films, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kathleen Richardson, Spencer Novak, Anu Agarwal, Sergey A Denisov, Nathan D Mcclenaghan, Neil Patel, Weiwei Deng
    Abstract:

    Abstract The incorporation of quantum dots (QDs) into Chalcogenide Glass films is attractive for their luminescent properties. Such QD-doped Glass structures could serve as a compact, on-chip light source for planar photonic devices. Typical processing methods such as spin coating have limitations of excessive material waste, little control on the pattern of the film and difficulty for scale-up. To overcome these limitations, this study introduces electrospray as a more versatile processing method and has deposited QD-doped Chalcogenide Glass thin films. The parameters of the electrospray process are prudently chosen to ensure one or none QD is enclosed per liquid droplet. The transmission electron microscopy imaging of resultant films confirm enhanced QD dispersion with reduced aggregations. Absorption and photoluminescence characterization shows the QD-doped Chalcogenide Glass films prepared by electrospray maintain signature spectra of QDs from the manufacturer.

  • Low-loss photonic device in Ge-Sb-S Chalcogenide Glass.
    Optics letters, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yizhong Huang, Kathleen Richardson, Spencer Novak, Derek Kita, Jérôme Michon, Hongtao Lin, Wei Zhang
    Abstract:

    Low-loss waveguides constitute an important building block for integrated photonic systems. In this work, we investigated low-loss photonic device fabrication in Ge23Sb7S70 Chalcogenide Glass using electron beam lithography followed by plasma dry etching. High-index-contrast waveguides with a low propagation loss of 0.5 dB/cm and microdisk resonators with an intrinsic quality factor (Q-factor) of 1.2×106 were demonstrated. Both figures represent, to the best of our knowledge, the best low-loss results reported thus far in submicrometer single-mode Chalcogenide Glass devices.

  • Irradiation of on-chip Chalcogenide Glass waveguide mid-infrared gas sensor
    2016 IEEE SENSORS, 2016
    Co-Authors: Zhaohong Han, Anu Agarwal, Lionel C. Kimerling, Derek Kita, Vivek Singh, Pao Tai Lin, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    We measure the effect of radiation damage on an on-chip mid-infrared methane gas sensor made using a spiral Chalcogenide Glass waveguide. The sensor is fabricated using UV lithography and a lift-off process after deposition of Chalcogenide Glass using a thermal evaporator. We measure the transmittance change of the sensor at varying concentrations of methane after varying doses of irradiation.

  • Deposition of Ge23Sb7S70 Chalcogenide Glass films by electrospray
    Thin Solid Films, 2015
    Co-Authors: Spencer Novak, Weiwei Deng, Danvers E. Johnston, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    Abstract Solution-based Chalcogenide Glass films, traditionally deposited by spin-coating, are attractive for their potential use in chip-based devices operating in the mid-infrared and for ease of nanostructure incorporation. To overcome limitations of spin-coating such as excessive material waste and difficulty for scale-up, this paper introduces electrospray as a film deposition technique for solution-based Chalcogenide Glasses. Electrospray is shown to produce Ge23Sb7S70 films with similar surface quality and optical properties as films deposited by spin-coating. The advantages of electrospray deposition for nanoparticle dispersion, scalable and continuous manufacturing with little material waste, and comparable film quality to spin-coating make electrospray a promising deposition method for practical applications of Chalcogenide Glass films.

Ishwar D. Aggarwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Chalcogenide Glass fiber based mid ir sources and applications
    IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Brandon L Shaw, Ishwar D. Aggarwal
    Abstract:

    The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing Chalcogenide Glass fibers for applications in the mid-and long-wave IR wavelength regions from 2 to 12 mum. The chalcogen Glasses (i.e., Glasses based on the elements S, Se, and Te) are transparent in the IR, possess low phonon energies, are chemically durable, and can be drawn into fiber. Both conventional solid core/clad and microstructured fibers have been developed. Chalcogenide Glass compositions have been developed that allow rare earth doping to enable rare-earth-doped fiber lasers in the IR. Also, highly nonlinear compositions have been developed with nonlinearities ~1000times silica that enables nonlinear wavelength conversion from the near IR to the mid-and long-wave IR. In this paper, we review rare-earth-doped Chalcogenide fiber for mid-and long-wave IR lasers, and highly nonlinear Chalcogenide fiber and photonic crystal fiber for wavelength conversion in the mid-and long-wave IR.

  • Chalcogenide Glass for mid- and longwave IR fiber lasers (Invited Paper)
    Fiber Lasers II: Technology Systems and Applications, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ishwar D. Aggarwal, Leslie Brandon Shaw, Jasbinder S. Sanghera
    Abstract:

    Chalcogenide Glass fibers have been developed at NRL. Rare earth doped Chalcogenide Glass fibers emit strong IR emission and show potential for mid-IR and long-wave IR rare earth doped fiber lasers. In addition, undoped highly nonlinear Chalcogenide Glass fiber compositions have been developed with high Raman cross-sections and show potential for mid-IR and long-wave IR Raman fiber lasers.

  • Applications of Chalcogenide Glass optical fibers
    Comptes Rendus Chimie, 2002
    Co-Authors: Jas S. Sanghera, L. Brandon Shaw, Ishwar D. Aggarwal
    Abstract:

    Abstract Chalcogenide-Glass fibers based on sulfide, selenide, telluride and their rare-earth-doped compositions are being actively pursued worldwide. Great strides have been made in reducing optical losses using improved chemical purification techniques, but further improvements are needed in both purification and fiberization technology to attain the theoretical optical losses. Despite this, Chalcogenide-Glass fibers are enabling numerous applications that include laser power delivery, chemical sensing, and imaging, scanning near field microscopy/spectroscopy, IR sources/lasers, amplifiers and optical switches.

  • mid wave ir and long wave ir laser potential of rare earth doped Chalcogenide Glass fiber
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2001
    Co-Authors: L B Shaw, Peter A. Thielen, Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Brian Cole, Ishwar D. Aggarwal
    Abstract:

    The mid-wave IR and long-wave IR laser potential of rare-earth ions in Chalcogenide Glass fiber is reviewed. Spectroscopic data for the mid-wave and long-wave IR transitions for Pr/sup 3+/, Dy/sup 3+/, and Tb/sup 3+/ in Chalcogenide Glass is presented and used as a basis for discussion of laser potential in these Glasses.

  • APPLICATIONS OF Chalcogenide Glass OPTICAL FIBERS AT NRL
    2001
    Co-Authors: Jas S. Sanghera, Ishwar D. Aggarwal, Leslie Brandon Shaw, Lynda E. Busse, Peter A. Thielen, Vinh Q. Nguyen, P.c. Pureza, Shyam S. Bayya, F. Kung
    Abstract:

    Chalcogenide Glass fibers based on sulphide, selenide, telluride and their rare earth doped compositions are being actively pursued both at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and worldwide. Great strides have been made in reducing optical losses using improved chemical purification techniques, but further improvements are needed in both purification and fiberization technology to attain the theoretical optical losses. Despite this, Chalcogenide Glass fibers are enabling numerous applications which include laser power delivery, chemical sensing, imaging, scanning near field microscopy/spectroscopy, IR sources/lasers, amplifiers and optical switches.

Jasbinder S. Sanghera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Chalcogenide Glass Films for Nonlinear Metasurface Applications
    Advanced Photonics 2018 (BGPP IPR NP NOMA Sensors Networks SPPCom SOF), 2018
    Co-Authors: Jesse A. Frantz, Jason D. Myers, Robel Y. Bekele, Jingbo Sun, Mikhail I. Shalaev, Wiktor Walasik, Natalia M. Litchinitser, Jasbinder S. Sanghera
    Abstract:

    We evaluate the suitability of Chalcogenide Glass films, of interest because of their exceptionally high optical nonlinearities, for applications in metasurface devices and discuss results for a Chalcogenide film-based optical beam converter.

  • Chalcogenide Glass fiber based mid ir sources and applications
    IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Brandon L Shaw, Ishwar D. Aggarwal
    Abstract:

    The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing Chalcogenide Glass fibers for applications in the mid-and long-wave IR wavelength regions from 2 to 12 mum. The chalcogen Glasses (i.e., Glasses based on the elements S, Se, and Te) are transparent in the IR, possess low phonon energies, are chemically durable, and can be drawn into fiber. Both conventional solid core/clad and microstructured fibers have been developed. Chalcogenide Glass compositions have been developed that allow rare earth doping to enable rare-earth-doped fiber lasers in the IR. Also, highly nonlinear compositions have been developed with nonlinearities ~1000times silica that enables nonlinear wavelength conversion from the near IR to the mid-and long-wave IR. In this paper, we review rare-earth-doped Chalcogenide fiber for mid-and long-wave IR lasers, and highly nonlinear Chalcogenide fiber and photonic crystal fiber for wavelength conversion in the mid-and long-wave IR.

  • Chalcogenide Glass for mid- and longwave IR fiber lasers (Invited Paper)
    Fiber Lasers II: Technology Systems and Applications, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ishwar D. Aggarwal, Leslie Brandon Shaw, Jasbinder S. Sanghera
    Abstract:

    Chalcogenide Glass fibers have been developed at NRL. Rare earth doped Chalcogenide Glass fibers emit strong IR emission and show potential for mid-IR and long-wave IR rare earth doped fiber lasers. In addition, undoped highly nonlinear Chalcogenide Glass fiber compositions have been developed with high Raman cross-sections and show potential for mid-IR and long-wave IR Raman fiber lasers.

  • mid wave ir and long wave ir laser potential of rare earth doped Chalcogenide Glass fiber
    IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2001
    Co-Authors: L B Shaw, Peter A. Thielen, Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Brian Cole, Ishwar D. Aggarwal
    Abstract:

    The mid-wave IR and long-wave IR laser potential of rare-earth ions in Chalcogenide Glass fiber is reviewed. Spectroscopic data for the mid-wave and long-wave IR transitions for Pr/sup 3+/, Dy/sup 3+/, and Tb/sup 3+/ in Chalcogenide Glass is presented and used as a basis for discussion of laser potential in these Glasses.

  • Development and Infrared Applications of Chalcogenide Glass Optical Fibers
    Fiber and Integrated Optics, 2000
    Co-Authors: Jasbinder S. Sanghera, Ishwar D. Aggarwal, Leslie Brandon Shaw, Lynda E. Busse, Vinh Q. Nguyen, P.c. Pureza, B. C. Cole, B. B. Harrison, R. Mossadegh, Frederic H. Kung
    Abstract:

    Chalcogenide Glass fibers based on sulphide, selenide, telluride, and their rare earth doped compositions are being actively pursued both at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. (NRL) and worldwide. Great strides have been made in reducing optical losses using improved chem ical purification techniques, but further improvements are needed in both purification and fiberization technology to attain the theoretical optical losses. Despite this, current singlemode and multimode Chalcogenide Glass fibers are enabling numerous applications. Some of these applications include laser power delivery, chemical sensing, imaging, scanning near field microscopy spectroscopy, fiber infrared (IR) sources lasers, amplifiers, and optical switches. The authors assert that the research and development of Chalcogenide Glasses will grow in the foreseeable future, especially with respect to improvements the optical quality of the fibers and the performance of the fibers in existing future applications.

Yi Zou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high performance high index contrast Chalcogenide Glass photonics on silicon and unconventional non planar substrates
    Advanced Optical Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Kathleen Richardson, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, David J Musgraves, Kevin D Dobson
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss, sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality factor of 4 × 105 near 1550 nm wavelengths, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micrometer nanoimprinting of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for the monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • High‐Performance, High‐Index‐Contrast Chalcogenide Glass Photonics on Silicon and Unconventional Non‐planar Substrates
    Advanced Optical Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss, sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality factor of 4 × 105 near 1550 nm wavelengths, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micrometer nanoimprinting of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for the monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • High-Performance, High-Index-Contrast Chalcogenide Glass Photonics on Silicon and Unconventional Non-planar Substrates
    arXiv: Optics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile, roll-to-roll and backend compatible technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss (1.6 dB/cm), sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass micro-ring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprint. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality-factor of 400,000 near 1550 nm wavelength, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass micro-ring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micron nanoimprint of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • Thermal nanoimprint fabrication of Chalcogenide Glass waveguide resonators
    CLEO: 2013, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    We demonstrated thermal nanoimprint fabrication of low loss waveguides and microring resonators in thermally evaporated and solution processed Chalcogenide Glass films. A high micro-ring quality factor of 75,000 is achieved at 1550 nm wavelength.

  • Chalcogenide Glass based integrated photonics
    Nanophotonics and Micro Nano Optics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Hongtao Lin, Yi Zou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    Chalcogenide Glasses, namely the amorphous compounds containing sulfur, selenium, and/or tellurium, have emerged as a promising material candidate for integrated photonics given their wide infrared transparency window, low processing temperature, almost infinite capacity for composition alloying, as well as high linear and nonlinear indices. Here we present the fabrication and characterization of Chalcogenide Glass based photonic devices integrated on silicon as well as on flexible polymer substrates for sensing, optical interconnect and nonlinear optics applications.

Hongtao Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Low-loss photonic device in Ge-Sb-S Chalcogenide Glass.
    Optics letters, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yizhong Huang, Kathleen Richardson, Spencer Novak, Derek Kita, Jérôme Michon, Hongtao Lin, Wei Zhang
    Abstract:

    Low-loss waveguides constitute an important building block for integrated photonic systems. In this work, we investigated low-loss photonic device fabrication in Ge23Sb7S70 Chalcogenide Glass using electron beam lithography followed by plasma dry etching. High-index-contrast waveguides with a low propagation loss of 0.5 dB/cm and microdisk resonators with an intrinsic quality factor (Q-factor) of 1.2×106 were demonstrated. Both figures represent, to the best of our knowledge, the best low-loss results reported thus far in submicrometer single-mode Chalcogenide Glass devices.

  • high performance high index contrast Chalcogenide Glass photonics on silicon and unconventional non planar substrates
    Advanced Optical Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Kathleen Richardson, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, David J Musgraves, Kevin D Dobson
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss, sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality factor of 4 × 105 near 1550 nm wavelengths, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micrometer nanoimprinting of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for the monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • High‐Performance, High‐Index‐Contrast Chalcogenide Glass Photonics on Silicon and Unconventional Non‐planar Substrates
    Advanced Optical Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss, sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality factor of 4 × 105 near 1550 nm wavelengths, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass microring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micrometer nanoimprinting of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for the monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • High-Performance, High-Index-Contrast Chalcogenide Glass Photonics on Silicon and Unconventional Non-planar Substrates
    arXiv: Optics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Danning Zhang, Loise Moreel, Jie Zhou, Okechukwu Ogbuu, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a versatile, roll-to-roll and backend compatible technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature Chalcogenide Glass film deposition and resist-free single-step thermal nanoimprint to process low-loss (1.6 dB/cm), sub-micron single-mode waveguides with a smooth surface finish using simple contact photolithography. Using this approach, the first Chalcogenide Glass micro-ring resonators are fabricated by thermal nanoimprint. The devices exhibit an ultra-high quality-factor of 400,000 near 1550 nm wavelength, which represents the highest value reported in Chalcogenide Glass micro-ring resonators. Furthermore, sub-micron nanoimprint of Chalcogenide Glass films on non-planar plastic substrates is demonstrated, which establishes the method as a facile route for monolithic fabrication of high-index-contrast devices on a wide array of unconventional substrates.

  • Thermal nanoimprint fabrication of Chalcogenide Glass waveguide resonators
    CLEO: 2013, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Sylvain Danto, J. David Musgraves, Kathleen Richardson
    Abstract:

    We demonstrated thermal nanoimprint fabrication of low loss waveguides and microring resonators in thermally evaporated and solution processed Chalcogenide Glass films. A high micro-ring quality factor of 75,000 is achieved at 1550 nm wavelength.