The Experts below are selected from a list of 33039 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paola Gorigiorgi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:SUMMARY The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density functional theory, that is when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that solving the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\rho(\rv)$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N-1$ times the density $\rho$ into itself, with cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to put the strong-interaction limit of density functional theory on firm grounds and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density-functional theory, that is, when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well-established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that to solve the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\ensuremath{\rho}(\mathbf{r})$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N\ensuremath{-}1$ times the density $\ensuremath{\rho}$ into itself, with the cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to set the strong-interaction limit of density-functional theory on firm ground and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
Giuseppe Buttazzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:SUMMARY The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density functional theory, that is when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that solving the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\rho(\rv)$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N-1$ times the density $\rho$ into itself, with cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to put the strong-interaction limit of density functional theory on firm grounds and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density-functional theory, that is, when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well-established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that to solve the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\ensuremath{\rho}(\mathbf{r})$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N\ensuremath{-}1$ times the density $\ensuremath{\rho}$ into itself, with the cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to set the strong-interaction limit of density-functional theory on firm ground and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
Luigi De Pascale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:SUMMARY The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density functional theory, that is when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that solving the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\rho(\rv)$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N-1$ times the density $\rho$ into itself, with cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to put the strong-interaction limit of density functional theory on firm grounds and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
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optimal transport formulation of electronic density functional theory
Physical Review A, 2012Co-Authors: Giuseppe Buttazzo, Luigi De Pascale, Paola GorigiorgiAbstract:The most Challenging Scenario for Kohn-Sham density-functional theory, that is, when the electrons move relatively slowly trying to avoid each other as much as possible because of their repulsion (strong-interaction limit), is reformulated here as an optimal transport (or mass transportation theory) problem, a well-established field of mathematics and economics. In practice, we show that to solve the problem of finding the minimum possible internal repulsion energy for $N$ electrons in a given density $\ensuremath{\rho}(\mathbf{r})$ is equivalent to find the optimal way of transporting $N\ensuremath{-}1$ times the density $\ensuremath{\rho}$ into itself, with the cost function given by the Coulomb repulsion. We use this link to set the strong-interaction limit of density-functional theory on firm ground and to discuss the potential practical aspects of this reformulation.
Vivek Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extensive tricuspid valve repair after endocarditis using cormatrix extracellular matrix
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 2014Co-Authors: Jack Wallen, Vivek RaoAbstract:Surgical repair of tricuspid regurgitation after medical management of infective endocarditis can present a Challenging Scenario. We present the case of a 53-year-old man in whom a conventional tricuspid valve operation was deemed suboptimal. Instead, we used a commercially available extracellular matrix (ECM) to perform an extensive reconstruction of his tricuspid valve. Follow-up shows dramatic symptomatic resolution and reverse remodeling of his dilated right ventricle.
Ivan Pustogarov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deanonymisation of clients in bitcoin p2p network
Computer and Communications Security, 2014Co-Authors: Alex Biryukov, Dmitry Khovratovich, Ivan PustogarovAbstract:Bitcoin is a digital currency which relies on a distributed set of miners to mint coins and on a peer-to-peer network to broadcast transactions. The identities of Bitcoin users are hidden behind pseudonyms (public keys) which are recommended to be changed frequently in order to increase transaction unlinkability. We present an efficient method to deanonymize Bitcoin users, which allows to link user pseudonyms to the IP addresses where the transactions are generated. Our techniques work for the most common and the most Challenging Scenario when users are behind NATs or firewalls of their ISPs. They allow to link transactions of a user behind a NAT and to distinguish connections and transactions of different users behind the same NAT. We also show that a natural countermeasure of using Tor or other anonymity services can be cut-off by abusing anti-DoS countermeasures of the Bitcoin network. Our attacks require only a few machines and have been experimentally verified. The estimated success rate is between 11% and 60% depending on how stealthy an attacker wants to be. We propose several countermeasures to mitigate these new attacks.
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Deanonymisation of clients in bitcoin P2P network
Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 2014Co-Authors: Alex Biryukov, Dmitry Khovratovich, Ivan PustogarovAbstract:Bitcoin is a digital currency which relies on a distributed set of miners to mint coins and on a peer-to-peer network to broadcast transactions. The identities of Bitcoin users are hidden behind pseudonyms (public keys) which are recommended to be changed frequently in order to increase transaction unlinkability. We present an efficient method to deanonymize Bitcoin users, which allows to link user pseudonyms to the IP addresses where the transactions are generated. Our techniques work for the most common and the most Challenging Scenario when users are behind NATs or firewalls of their ISPs. They allow to link transactions of a user behind a NAT and to distinguish connections and transactions of different users behind the same NAT. We also show that a natural countermeasure of using Tor or other anonymity services can be cut-off by abusing anti-DoS countermeasures of the bitcoin network. Our attacks require only a few machines and have been experimentally verified. We propose several countermeasures to mitigate these new attacks.