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Ivan Montiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Policy Studies Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    This article analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that international management standards should not be analyzed in isolation but in conjunction with other standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry's Responsible Care Program or ISO 9000, government commitment toward Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international nongovernmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade-related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore, from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Policy Studies Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    Author(s): Delmas, Magali A; Montiel, Ivan | Abstract: This paper analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that to understand the diffusion of international standards we need to define a model that includes interactions between standards as well as interactions between standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry’s Responsible Care program or ISO 9000, government commitment towards Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international non-governmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Institute for Social Behavioral and Economic Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    This paper analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that to understand the diffusion of international standards we need to define a model that includes interactions between standards as well as interactions between standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry’s Responsible Care program or ISO 9000, government commitment towards Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international non-governmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

Ashish Arora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • wholly owned subsidiary versus technology licensing in the worldwide Chemical Industry
    Journal of International Business Studies, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ashish Arora, Andrea Fosfuri
    Abstract:

    This paper empirically analyzes the determinants of the choice between wholly owned subsidiary and technology licensing as a strategy for expansion abroad. We use a new and comprehensive database on worldwide plant level investments in the Chemical Industry during the 1981–1991 period. We find that both cultural distance and the presence of other potential licensors favor the use of licensing as a strategy for expanding abroad, whereas, prior experience favors the choice of wholly owned subsidiary. An implication of this study is that competition in the market for technology can foster the international diffusion of technology through the use of arm's length agreements.

  • patents licensing and market structure in the Chemical Industry
    Research Policy, 1997
    Co-Authors: Ashish Arora
    Abstract:

    Abstract The strategies of rent appropriation and Industry structure are inter-dependent. How firms use patents depends upon Industry structure, and in turn, affects Industry structure. In the 19th century, market leaders in the Chemical Industry combined patents and secrecy to deter entry. Within cartels, patents were used to stabilize cartels and organize technology licensing. The role of patents changed in the less concentrated post World War II markets. In bulk organic Chemicals and petroChemicals, Chemical producers use licensing as an important means of generating revenue from process innovations. The increased importance of technology licensing is closely related to the emergence of a class of specialized process design and engineering firms that have played an important role in the development and diffusion of process innovations.

  • patents licensing and market structure in the Chemical Industry
    Industrial Organization, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ashish Arora
    Abstract:

    The strategies of rent appropriation and market structure are inter- dependent. How firms use patents depends upon Industry structure, and in turn, affects Industry structure. In the early part of the history of the Chemical Industry, market leaders combined patents and secrecy to deter entry. Patents were also used to within cartels to organize technology licensing. The role of patents changed in the less concentrated post war markets. In bulk organic Chemicals and petroChemicals, even Chemical producers use licensing as an important means of generating revenue from process innovations. The increased importance of technology licensing is closely related to the emergence of a class of specialized process design and engineering firms that have played an important role in the development and diffusion of process innovations. In so doing, they have helped lower entry barriers and increase competition in the Industry.

Kai Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • industrial ecology and water utilization of the marine Chemical Industry a case study of hai hua group hhg china
    Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2013
    Co-Authors: Changhao Liu, Kai Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The marine Chemical Industry is a Chemical Industry based on coastal advantage. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the marine Industry and made it the focal point of China economy in the 12th five-year plan. Water is an important material for the marine Chemical Industry, but wastewater discharge could undermine the sustainable development of the marine Chemical Industry. Industrial ecology provides insights for Industry to realize a harmonious development with the environment. This paper examined the case of water utilization practice based on industrial ecology of the Hai Hua Group (HHG) in China. The utilization of three kinds of water, i.e., underground brine, seawater and freshwater is characteristic of the industrial ecology implementation of the HHG. In this paper, the water utilization practice of the HHG was described. The relationships among the three kinds of water, the driving force of water utilization, and the challenges of water utilization in the HHG were discussed. We conclude that implementing industrial ecology is a promising choice for the water utilization of marine Chemical Industry. It could also achieve the coordinated development between sea farming and the marine Chemical Industry. For non-renewable resource driven regional industrial ecosystems, such as the Hai Hua industrial ecosystem (HHIE) in this paper, seeking a substitute approach is essential for the stable and sustainable development of the whole industrial ecosystem. We also conclude that an industrial ecosystem's operation is driven by the integration of many factors, such as government, market, policy, culture and technique in this paper. This requires us to examine an industrial ecosystem's operation from a wider perspective, which is helpful to comprehensively and systematically understand the impetus of an industrial ecosystem.

  • water utilization of the marine resource based Chemical Industry an example of the hai hua industrial ecosystem hhie china
    Advanced Materials Research, 2011
    Co-Authors: Changhao Liu, Jiaming Zhang, Kai Zhang
    Abstract:

    Industrial Ecology (IE) is a creative way to achieve sustainable development. Marine resource-based Chemical Industry is the Chemical Industry which utilizes marine as its main raw materials. It is usually the dominate Industry in coastal regions. Water flow is an important material flow for marine resource-based Chemical Industry. This article describes an example of the water utilization of the Hai Hua industrial ecosystem (HHIE). HHIE is an important marine resource-based Chemical Industry base in China. There are three kinds of water in HHIE: underground brine, seawater and freshwater. The three-fold of water utilization in HHIE is described. The basic approaches and the limiting factors of water utilization in HHIE are analyzed. It can provide some experiences for water utilization of other marine resource-based Chemical industries.

Magali A Delmas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Policy Studies Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    This article analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that international management standards should not be analyzed in isolation but in conjunction with other standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry's Responsible Care Program or ISO 9000, government commitment toward Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international nongovernmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade-related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore, from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Policy Studies Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    Author(s): Delmas, Magali A; Montiel, Ivan | Abstract: This paper analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that to understand the diffusion of international standards we need to define a model that includes interactions between standards as well as interactions between standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry’s Responsible Care program or ISO 9000, government commitment towards Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international non-governmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

  • the diffusion of voluntary international management standards responsible care iso 9000 and iso 14001 in the Chemical Industry
    Institute for Social Behavioral and Economic Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: Magali A Delmas, Ivan Montiel
    Abstract:

    This paper analyzes the factors that explain the international diffusion of voluntary international management standards. We argue that to understand the diffusion of international standards we need to define a model that includes interactions between standards as well as interactions between standards and their institutional environment. We present two opposite views explaining how the previous diffusion of management standards facilitates or hampers the adoption of new management standards. We test a comprehensive model of diffusion of international environmental management standards within the Chemical Industry using a panel of 113 different countries during the period 2000 to 2003. Our results show that the previous experience of businesses in voluntary standards such as the Chemical Industry’s Responsible Care program or ISO 9000, government commitment towards Environmental Management Systems Standards, and the level of activity of international non-governmental organizations in the country of adoption, impact positively on the adoption of ISO 14001 by Chemical firms. Unlike previous studies that focused mostly on cross Industry analyses, we do not find trade related factors significant while explaining adoption in the Chemical Industry. Our results differ, therefore from previous research and highlight the need to isolate Industry effects to understand the diffusion of international standards.

Houyin Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • emissions reduction in china s Chemical Industry based on lmdi
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016
    Co-Authors: Boqiang Lin, Houyin Long
    Abstract:

    Abstract China׳s Chemical Industry is the second largest industrial source of carbon emissions. This article employs the LMDI to explore the driving factors of carbon emissions changes in China׳s Chemical Industry utilizing time series data and provincial panel data. We find that output per worker, industrial economic scale, energy intensity and energy structure were the main factors that influenced carbon emissions changes in the Chemical Industry. Based on the time series, energy intensity and energy structure are conducive for decrease in carbon emissions, while output per worker and industrial economic scale were the aggravating drivers for carbon emissions increase. We further analyze the driving factors of carbon emissions in every province. Finally, we suggest some policy implications such as applying low-carbon equipment, improving energy structure, promoting energy efficiency, etc for reducing carbon emissions.

  • a stochastic frontier analysis of energy efficiency of china s Chemical Industry
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015
    Co-Authors: Boqiang Lin, Houyin Long
    Abstract:

    As an energy-intensive Industry, China's Chemical Industry consumed 347.1 million ton coal equivalent of energy in 2011, which was equal to the sum of the overall energy consumption of Uzbekistan and Czech Republic. Thus, it is crucial to analyze the Industry's energy efficiency and energy saving potential. In this paper, we adopt the stochastic frontier analysis to study the average energy efficiency and energy saving potential of the Chemical Industry based on the assumption of the trans-log production function. The results show that energy price and enterprise scale are conducive for the improvement of energy efficiency while ownership structure has an opposite effect. The average energy efficiency in China was 0.6897 during 2005–2011, with Shanghai having the highest and Shanxi the lowest. In addition, the energy efficiency of East China was higher than that of West and Central China, and the energy efficiency gap between the Eastern and the Western regions was widening. The results also show that China's energy saving potential was 89.42 million ton coal equivalent, with Shanxi having the highest, followed by Inner Mongolia. Moreover, the energy saving potential of East China was the largest. Finally, we provide policy recommendations for energy efficiency improvement in China's Chemical Industry.