The Experts below are selected from a list of 10245 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Avi Sadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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annual research review sleep problems in Childhood Psychiatric Disorders a review of the latest science
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Alice M Gregory, Avi SadehAbstract:Background Hippocrates flagged the value of sleep for good health. Nonetheless, historically, researchers with an interest in developmental psychopathology have largely ignored a possible role for atypical sleep. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in this area, perhaps reflecting increased evidence that disturbed or insufficient sleep can result in poor functioning in numerous domains. This review outlines what is known about sleep in the Psychiatric diagnoses most relevant to children and for which associations with sleep are beginning to be understood. While based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, the focus of the current review is on the latest science (largely from 2010). There is a description of both concurrent and longitudinal links as well as possible mechanisms underlying associations. Preliminary treatment research is also considered which suggests that treating sleep difficulties may result in improvements in behavioural areas beyond sleep quality. Findings To maximise progress in this field, there now needs to be: (a) greater attention to the assessment of sleep in children; (b) sleep research on a wider range of Psychiatric Disorders; (c) a greater focus on and examination of mechanisms underlying associations; (d) a clearer consideration ofdevelopmental questions and (e) large-scale well-designed treatment studies. Conclusions While sleep problems may sometimes be missed by parents and healthcare providers; hence constituting a hidden risk for other psychopathologies – knowing about these difficulties creates unique opportunities. The current excitement in this field from experts in diverse areas including developmental psychology, clinical psychology, genetics and neuropsychology should make these opportunities a reality.
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Annual Research Review: Sleep problems in Childhood Psychiatric Disorders – a review of the latest science
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines, 2015Co-Authors: Alice M Gregory, Avi SadehAbstract:Background Hippocrates flagged the value of sleep for good health. Nonetheless, historically, researchers with an interest in developmental psychopathology have largely ignored a possible role for atypical sleep. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in this area, perhaps reflecting increased evidence that disturbed or insufficient sleep can result in poor functioning in numerous domains. This review outlines what is known about sleep in the Psychiatric diagnoses most relevant to children and for which associations with sleep are beginning to be understood. While based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, the focus of the current review is on the latest science (largely from 2010). There is a description of both concurrent and longitudinal links as well as possible mechanisms underlying associations. Preliminary treatment research is also considered which suggests that treating sleep difficulties may result in improvements in behavioural areas beyond sleep quality. Findings To maximise progress in this field, there now needs to be: (a) greater attention to the assessment of sleep in children; (b) sleep research on a wider range of Psychiatric Disorders; (c) a greater focus on and examination of mechanisms underlying associations; (d) a clearer consideration ofdevelopmental questions and (e) large-scale well-designed treatment studies. Conclusions While sleep problems may sometimes be missed by parents and healthcare providers; hence constituting a hidden risk for other psychopathologies – knowing about these difficulties creates unique opportunities. The current excitement in this field from experts in diverse areas including developmental psychology, clinical psychology, genetics and neuropsychology should make these opportunities a reality.
Neil Marlow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preterm Birth and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Pediatric Research, 2011Co-Authors: Samantha Johnson, Neil MarlowAbstract:Epidemiologic studies have, for many years, identified preterm birth as a significant risk factor for Psychiatric Disorders. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in neurobehavioral outcomes after preterm birth. In this article, we review clinical cohort studies of the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors for Psychiatric sequelae in ex-preterm children. Studies using diagnostic Psychiatric evaluations are few in number but typically report a 3- to 4-fold increased risk for Disorders in middle Childhood. Our review of studies reveals a “preterm behavioral phenotype” characterized by an increased risk for symptoms and Disorders associated with inattention, anxiety, and social difficulties. The most contemporary studies have also reported a markedly increased prevalence of autism spectrum Disorders (ASD) in preterm populations. Our examination of the correlates and comorbidities of Psychiatric Disorders is indicative of a different causative pathway that may be associated with altered brain development after preterm birth. Despite the low population attributable risk, the frequency of these symptoms and Disorders means that Psychiatric screening is likely to be beneficial in this vulnerable population.
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Preterm Birth and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Pediatric Research, 2011Co-Authors: Samantha Johnson, Neil MarlowAbstract:9004
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Economic costs and preference-based health-related quality of life outcomes associated with Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2010Co-Authors: Stavros Petrou, Samantha Johnson, Dieter Wolke, Chris Hollis, Puja Kochhar, Neil MarlowAbstract:Background Childhood Psychiatric Disorders may have deleterious consequences through Childhood and into adulthood. Aims To estimate costs and preference-based health-related quality of life outcomes (health utilities) associated with a broad range of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders during the eleventh year of life. Method Participants in a whole-population study of extremely preterm children and term-born controls (EPICure) undertook Psychiatric assessment using the Development and Well Being Assessment (DAWBA) and the Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children. Questionnaires completed by parents and teachers described the children's utilisation of health, social and education services during the eleventh year of life. Parents also described their child's health status using the Health Utilities Index Mark 2 and Mark 3 health status classification systems. Descriptive and multiple regression techniques were used to explore the association between Psychiatric Disorders and economic outcomes. Results The study presents detailed costs and health utilities associated with Psychiatric Disorders for the preterm population, term-born population and pooled study population, following appropriate controls. Conclusions The results of this study should be used to inform future economic evaluations of interventions aimed at preventing Childhood Psychiatric Disorders or alleviating their effects. Further research is required that identifies, measures and values the longer-term economic impacts of these Disorders in a valid and reliable manner.
Alice M Gregory - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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annual research review sleep problems in Childhood Psychiatric Disorders a review of the latest science
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Alice M Gregory, Avi SadehAbstract:Background Hippocrates flagged the value of sleep for good health. Nonetheless, historically, researchers with an interest in developmental psychopathology have largely ignored a possible role for atypical sleep. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in this area, perhaps reflecting increased evidence that disturbed or insufficient sleep can result in poor functioning in numerous domains. This review outlines what is known about sleep in the Psychiatric diagnoses most relevant to children and for which associations with sleep are beginning to be understood. While based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, the focus of the current review is on the latest science (largely from 2010). There is a description of both concurrent and longitudinal links as well as possible mechanisms underlying associations. Preliminary treatment research is also considered which suggests that treating sleep difficulties may result in improvements in behavioural areas beyond sleep quality. Findings To maximise progress in this field, there now needs to be: (a) greater attention to the assessment of sleep in children; (b) sleep research on a wider range of Psychiatric Disorders; (c) a greater focus on and examination of mechanisms underlying associations; (d) a clearer consideration ofdevelopmental questions and (e) large-scale well-designed treatment studies. Conclusions While sleep problems may sometimes be missed by parents and healthcare providers; hence constituting a hidden risk for other psychopathologies – knowing about these difficulties creates unique opportunities. The current excitement in this field from experts in diverse areas including developmental psychology, clinical psychology, genetics and neuropsychology should make these opportunities a reality.
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Annual Research Review: Sleep problems in Childhood Psychiatric Disorders – a review of the latest science
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines, 2015Co-Authors: Alice M Gregory, Avi SadehAbstract:Background Hippocrates flagged the value of sleep for good health. Nonetheless, historically, researchers with an interest in developmental psychopathology have largely ignored a possible role for atypical sleep. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interest in this area, perhaps reflecting increased evidence that disturbed or insufficient sleep can result in poor functioning in numerous domains. This review outlines what is known about sleep in the Psychiatric diagnoses most relevant to children and for which associations with sleep are beginning to be understood. While based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, the focus of the current review is on the latest science (largely from 2010). There is a description of both concurrent and longitudinal links as well as possible mechanisms underlying associations. Preliminary treatment research is also considered which suggests that treating sleep difficulties may result in improvements in behavioural areas beyond sleep quality. Findings To maximise progress in this field, there now needs to be: (a) greater attention to the assessment of sleep in children; (b) sleep research on a wider range of Psychiatric Disorders; (c) a greater focus on and examination of mechanisms underlying associations; (d) a clearer consideration ofdevelopmental questions and (e) large-scale well-designed treatment studies. Conclusions While sleep problems may sometimes be missed by parents and healthcare providers; hence constituting a hidden risk for other psychopathologies – knowing about these difficulties creates unique opportunities. The current excitement in this field from experts in diverse areas including developmental psychology, clinical psychology, genetics and neuropsychology should make these opportunities a reality.
Samantha Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preterm Birth and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Pediatric Research, 2011Co-Authors: Samantha Johnson, Neil MarlowAbstract:Epidemiologic studies have, for many years, identified preterm birth as a significant risk factor for Psychiatric Disorders. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in neurobehavioral outcomes after preterm birth. In this article, we review clinical cohort studies of the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors for Psychiatric sequelae in ex-preterm children. Studies using diagnostic Psychiatric evaluations are few in number but typically report a 3- to 4-fold increased risk for Disorders in middle Childhood. Our review of studies reveals a “preterm behavioral phenotype” characterized by an increased risk for symptoms and Disorders associated with inattention, anxiety, and social difficulties. The most contemporary studies have also reported a markedly increased prevalence of autism spectrum Disorders (ASD) in preterm populations. Our examination of the correlates and comorbidities of Psychiatric Disorders is indicative of a different causative pathway that may be associated with altered brain development after preterm birth. Despite the low population attributable risk, the frequency of these symptoms and Disorders means that Psychiatric screening is likely to be beneficial in this vulnerable population.
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Preterm Birth and Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Pediatric Research, 2011Co-Authors: Samantha Johnson, Neil MarlowAbstract:9004
-
Economic costs and preference-based health-related quality of life outcomes associated with Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2010Co-Authors: Stavros Petrou, Samantha Johnson, Dieter Wolke, Chris Hollis, Puja Kochhar, Neil MarlowAbstract:Background Childhood Psychiatric Disorders may have deleterious consequences through Childhood and into adulthood. Aims To estimate costs and preference-based health-related quality of life outcomes (health utilities) associated with a broad range of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders during the eleventh year of life. Method Participants in a whole-population study of extremely preterm children and term-born controls (EPICure) undertook Psychiatric assessment using the Development and Well Being Assessment (DAWBA) and the Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children. Questionnaires completed by parents and teachers described the children's utilisation of health, social and education services during the eleventh year of life. Parents also described their child's health status using the Health Utilities Index Mark 2 and Mark 3 health status classification systems. Descriptive and multiple regression techniques were used to explore the association between Psychiatric Disorders and economic outcomes. Results The study presents detailed costs and health utilities associated with Psychiatric Disorders for the preterm population, term-born population and pooled study population, following appropriate controls. Conclusions The results of this study should be used to inform future economic evaluations of interventions aimed at preventing Childhood Psychiatric Disorders or alleviating their effects. Further research is required that identifies, measures and values the longer-term economic impacts of these Disorders in a valid and reliable manner.
Daniel S Pine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparing brain morphometry across multiple Childhood Psychiatric Disorders
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Andrea L. Gold, Melissa A Brotman, Nancy E Adleman, Sara N Lever, Elizabeth R Steuber, Stephen J Fromm, Sven C Mueller, Daniel S Pine, Ellen LeibenluftAbstract:Objective In both children and adults, Psychiatric illness is associated with structural brain alterations, particularly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, most studies compare gray matter volume (GMV) in healthy volunteers (HVs) to one Psychiatric group. We compared GMV among youth with anxiety Disorders, bipolar disorder (BD), disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and HVs. Method 3-Tesla T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired in 184 youths (39 anxious, 20 BD, 52 DMDD, 20 ADHD, and 53 HV). Voxel-based morphometry analyses were conducted. One-way analysis of variance tested GMV differences with whole-brain familywise error ( p p Results Specificity emerged in the left dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC), which differed among youth with BD, anxiety, and HVs; GMV was increased in youth with anxiety, but decreased in BD, relative to HVs. Secondary analyses revealed BD-specific GMV decreases in the right lateral PFC, right dlPFC, and dorsomedial PFC, and also anxiety-specific GMV increases in the left dlPFC, right ventrolateral PFC, frontal pole, and right parahippocampal gyrus/lingual gyrus. Both BD and DMDD showed decreased GMV relative to HVs in the right dlPFC/superior frontal gyrus. GMV was not associated with dimensional measures of anxiety, irritability, or ADHD symptoms. Conclusion Both disorder-specific and shared GMV differences manifest in pediatric psychopathology. Some differences were specific to anxiety Disorders, others specific to BD, and others shared between BD and DMDD. Further developmental research might map commonalities and differences of structure and function in diverse pediatric psychopathologies.
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Temperament and the Emergence of Anxiety Disorders
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Nathan A. Fox, Daniel S PineAbstract:Anxiety Disorders, among the most prevalent Childhood Psychiatric Disorders, significantly impair current functioning and portend increased risk for various problems in adolescence and adulthood1,2. Therefore, studying risk factors is crucially important. One such risk factor is the child temperament of behavioral inhibition (BI). Children with this temperament are significantly more likely to develop anxiety Disorders than children with other temperaments1.