The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christopher J Hartnick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
poly glycerol sebacate engineered plugs to repair chronic tympanic membrane perforations in a Chinchilla model
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2010Co-Authors: Aaron M Wieland, Allison Hart, Katherine M Kulig, Peter T Masiakos, Cathryn A Sundback, Christopher J HartnickAbstract:Abstract Objective To evaluate the degree of neovascularization and efficacy of repair of chronic tympanic membrane perforations in a Chinchilla model using poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS), a novel bioengineered scaffold material. Study Design A feasibility study in which Chinchilla ears with chronic perforations were randomly assigned to repair with PGS plugs or Gelfilm overlay myringoplasty. Setting Interventions were performed in the animal care facility of a tertiary care academic institution. Subjects and Methods Sixteen adult female Chinchillas. Perforations were established under microscopic visualization with thermal cautery. The animals were examined six weeks later, and those ears with stable perforations were randomly assigned to repair with PGS or Gelfilm. All ears were evaluated six weeks after repair, and resected membranes underwent histological evaluation. Results Chronic perforations were established in 22 of 32 (69%) Chinchilla tympanic membranes. Nineteen tympanic membranes were included in the study group (3 ears were excluded secondary to death from anesthesia during the repair); 11 were implanted with PGS, and eight underwent Gelfilm myringoplasty. Of the 11 tympanic membranes implanted with PGS, 10 were healed at six weeks, while six of the eight tympanic membranes repaired with Gelfilm had healed at six weeks. Imaging of the medial mucosal and lateral epithelial surfaces of the tympanic membranes revealed PGS plug incorporation with neovascularization. Histology demonstrated a confluent cell layer on both sides of the graft. Conclusions PGS plugs are easily placed and allow for perforation closure and graft neovascularization in a Chinchilla model.
Tatjana Sakar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
safety of peroral sulfadimidine sodium treatment in Chinchillas Chinchilla lanigera
Veterinarski Arhiv, 2005Co-Authors: Darko Sakar, Andreja Prevendar, Tatjana SakarAbstract:Safety of peroral sulfadimidine sodium (sulfamethazine) treatment was tested on two Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) groups. Sulfadimidine sodium was administered in drinking water to male Chinchillas aged 5.5 to 7.5 months. Concentration of active ingredient in water was 960 and 1600 mg/l, respectively. During the initial five days the animals were drinking non-medicated water and, subsequently, over five consecutive days, water with sulfadimidine sodium. Sulfadimidine sodium, in concentrations of 960 and 1600 mg/l, did not influence the general health status of Chinchillas or quality of faeces and body weight during and after the five-day treatment, nor did it influence the quality of fur, clearness of its colour and its density, which were unchanged immediately after the experiment and at 2.5 months post-treatment. This finding can be considered favourable for Chinchilla breeders. Consumption of water with dissolved sulfadimidine, in relation to the non-medicated water intake, was reduced by 10% in group 960 mg/l (P>0.05), and by 24% in group 1600 mg/l (P<0.01). The average daily intake of sulfadimidine sodium in groups 960 mg/l and 1600 mg/l was 62.36 ± 4.37 mg/kg b.w./day and 89.66 ± 8.46 mg/kg b.w./day, respectively. These doses are in accordance with generally accepted doses for sulfadimidine sodium for the majority of animal species ranging from 50 to 100 mg/kg b.w./day. According to our results, the use of sulfadimidine sodium in drinking water can be recommended in both concentrations for treatment of bacterial infections in Chinchillas, especially of gastro-intestinal, urinary and respiratory tract, if the microorganisms or protozoa are susceptible to this synthetic chemotherapeutic.
-
Safety of peroral sulfadimidine sodium treatment in Chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera)
Veterinarski Arhiv, 2005Co-Authors: Darko Sakar, Andreja Prevendar, Tatjana SakarAbstract:Safety of peroral sulfadimidine sodium (sulfamethazine) treatment was tested on two Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) groups. Sulfadimidine sodium was administered in drinking water to male Chinchillas aged 5.5 to 7.5 months. Concentration of active ingredient in water was 960 and 1600 mg/l, respectively. During the initial five days the animals were drinking non-medicated water and, subsequently, over five consecutive days, water with sulfadimidine sodium. Sulfadimidine sodium, in concentrations of 960 and 1600 mg/l, did not influence the general health status of Chinchillas or quality of faeces and body weight during and after the five-day treatment, nor did it influence the quality of fur, clearness of its colour and its density, which were unchanged immediately after the experiment and at 2.5 months post-treatment. This finding can be considered favourable for Chinchilla breeders. Consumption of water with dissolved sulfadimidine, in relation to the non-medicated water intake, was reduced by 10% in group 960 mg/l (P>0.05), and by 24% in group 1600 mg/l (P
Scott G Giebink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
otitis media the Chinchilla model
Microbial Drug Resistance, 1999Co-Authors: Scott G GiebinkAbstract:ABSTRACT Streptococcus pneumoniae infection and disease have been modeled in several animal species including infant and adult mice, infant and adult rats, infant Rhesus monkeys, and adolescent and adult Chinchillas. Most are models of sepsis arising from intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculation of bacteria, and a few were designed to study disease arising from intranasal infection. Chinchillas provide the only animal model of middle ear pneumococcal infection in which the disease can be produced by very small inocula injected into the middle ear (ME) or intranasally, and in which the disease remains localized to the ME in most cases. This model, developed at the University of Minnesota in 1975, has been used to study pneumococcal pathogenesis at a mucosal site, immunogenicity and efficacy of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PS) vaccine antigens, and the kinetics and efficacy of antimicrobial drugs. Pathogenesis experiments in the Chinchilla model have revealed variation in ME virulence among diffe...
-
immunogenicity and efficacy of streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccines against homologous and heterologous serotypes in the Chinchilla otitis media model
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1996Co-Authors: Scott G Giebink, Jeanine D Meier, Moses K Quartey, Carol L Liebeler, Chap T LeAbstract:Cross-protection among pneumococcal serotypes within serogroups was measured in the Chinchilla otitis media (OM) model because several serotypes that cause OM in children are closely related biochemically. Chinchillas were given tetravalent vaccine composed of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PS ; types 6B, 14, 19F, 23F) conjugated to an outer membrane protein complex, and 89% to 96% developed a ≥2-fold serum IgG rise against vaccine PS. Vaccine efficacy was tested by inoculating middle ear hypotympanic bullae with Streptococcus pneumoniae types 6B, 6A, 19F, or 19A. OM severity in the vaccinated groups challenged with types 6B, 6A, and 19F but not 19A was significantly better than in the respective placebo groups. Culture-positive pneumococcal OM occurred in 38%, 62%, 0, and 78% of vaccinated Chinchillas challenged with types 6B, 6A, 19F, and 19A, respectively, but in 88% of type 6B- and 100% of type 6A-, 19A-, and 19F-challenged placebo Chinchillas.
Aaron M Wieland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
poly glycerol sebacate engineered plugs to repair chronic tympanic membrane perforations in a Chinchilla model
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2010Co-Authors: Aaron M Wieland, Allison Hart, Katherine M Kulig, Peter T Masiakos, Cathryn A Sundback, Christopher J HartnickAbstract:Abstract Objective To evaluate the degree of neovascularization and efficacy of repair of chronic tympanic membrane perforations in a Chinchilla model using poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS), a novel bioengineered scaffold material. Study Design A feasibility study in which Chinchilla ears with chronic perforations were randomly assigned to repair with PGS plugs or Gelfilm overlay myringoplasty. Setting Interventions were performed in the animal care facility of a tertiary care academic institution. Subjects and Methods Sixteen adult female Chinchillas. Perforations were established under microscopic visualization with thermal cautery. The animals were examined six weeks later, and those ears with stable perforations were randomly assigned to repair with PGS or Gelfilm. All ears were evaluated six weeks after repair, and resected membranes underwent histological evaluation. Results Chronic perforations were established in 22 of 32 (69%) Chinchilla tympanic membranes. Nineteen tympanic membranes were included in the study group (3 ears were excluded secondary to death from anesthesia during the repair); 11 were implanted with PGS, and eight underwent Gelfilm myringoplasty. Of the 11 tympanic membranes implanted with PGS, 10 were healed at six weeks, while six of the eight tympanic membranes repaired with Gelfilm had healed at six weeks. Imaging of the medial mucosal and lateral epithelial surfaces of the tympanic membranes revealed PGS plug incorporation with neovascularization. Histology demonstrated a confluent cell layer on both sides of the graft. Conclusions PGS plugs are easily placed and allow for perforation closure and graft neovascularization in a Chinchilla model.
Chap T Le - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
immunogenicity and efficacy of streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccines against homologous and heterologous serotypes in the Chinchilla otitis media model
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1996Co-Authors: Scott G Giebink, Jeanine D Meier, Moses K Quartey, Carol L Liebeler, Chap T LeAbstract:Cross-protection among pneumococcal serotypes within serogroups was measured in the Chinchilla otitis media (OM) model because several serotypes that cause OM in children are closely related biochemically. Chinchillas were given tetravalent vaccine composed of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PS ; types 6B, 14, 19F, 23F) conjugated to an outer membrane protein complex, and 89% to 96% developed a ≥2-fold serum IgG rise against vaccine PS. Vaccine efficacy was tested by inoculating middle ear hypotympanic bullae with Streptococcus pneumoniae types 6B, 6A, 19F, or 19A. OM severity in the vaccinated groups challenged with types 6B, 6A, and 19F but not 19A was significantly better than in the respective placebo groups. Culture-positive pneumococcal OM occurred in 38%, 62%, 0, and 78% of vaccinated Chinchillas challenged with types 6B, 6A, 19F, and 19A, respectively, but in 88% of type 6B- and 100% of type 6A-, 19A-, and 19F-challenged placebo Chinchillas.