The Experts below are selected from a list of 948 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Thomas Kätterer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Short-term organic matter mineralisation following different types of tillage on a Swedish clay soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2013
    Co-Authors: Veera Kainiemi, Johan Arvidsson, Thomas Kätterer
    Abstract:

    Reduced tillage is proposed as a method of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, tillage effects on organic matter turnover are often contradictory and data are lacking on how tillage practices affect soil respiration in northern Europe. This field study (1) quantified the short-term effects of different tillage methods and timing on soil respiration and N mineralisation and (2) examined changes in aggregate size distribution due to different tillage operations and how these relate to soil respiration. The study was conducted on Swedish clay soil (Eutric Cambisol) and compared no-tillage with three forms of tillage applied in early or late autumn 2010: mouldboard Ploughing to 20–22 cm and Chisel Ploughing to 12 or 5 cm depth. Soil respiration, soil temperature, gravimetric water content, mineral N and aggregate size distribution were measured. The results showed that respiration was significantly higher ( P  

  • Short-term organic matter mineralisation following different types of tillage on a Swedish clay soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2013
    Co-Authors: Veera Kainiemi, Johan Arvidsson, Thomas Kätterer
    Abstract:

    Reduced tillage is proposed as a method of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, tillage effects on organic matter turnover are often contradictory and data are lacking on how tillage practices affect soil respiration in northern Europe. This field study (1) quantified the short-term effects of different tillage methods and timing on soil respiration and N mineralisation and (2) examined changes in aggregate size distribution due to different tillage operations and how these relate to soil respiration. The study was conducted on Swedish clay soil (Eutric Cambisol) and compared no-tillage with three forms of tillage applied in early or late autumn 2010: mouldboard Ploughing to 20–22 cm and Chisel Ploughing to 12 or 5 cm depth. Soil respiration, soil temperature, gravimetric water content, mineral N and aggregate size distribution were measured. The results showed that respiration was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in no-till than in tilled plots during the 2 weeks following tillage in early September. Later tillage gave a similar trend but treatments did not differ significantly. Soil tillage and temperature explained 56 % of the variation in respiration. In the early tillage treatment, soil respiration decreased with tillage depth. Mineral N status was not affected by tillage treatment or timing. Soil water content did not differ significantly between tillage practices and therefore did not explain differences in respiration. The results indicate that conventional tillage in early autumn may reduce short-term soil respiration compared with Chisel Ploughing and no-till in clay soils in northern Europe.

J.l. Arrúe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of reduced tillage on soil surface properties affecting wind erosion in semiarid fallow lands of central aragon
    European Journal of Agronomy, 2000
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe
    Abstract:

    Abstract In Central Aragon (NE Spain), where strong and dry winds are frequent all year round, fallow lands are susceptible to wind erosion due to insufficient crop residues on the surface and loose, finely divided soils by multiple tillage operations. Effects of conventional tillage (CT — mouldboard Ploughing followed by a compacting roller) and reduced tillage (RT — Chisel Ploughing) on soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were studied during three experimental campaigns in a dryland field of Central Aragon. RT provided higher soil protection than CT through a lower wind erodible fraction of soil surface (on average, 10% less) and a significantly higher percentage of soil cover with crop residues and clods (30% higher). Random roughness was also higher after RT than after CT (15 vs. 4%). These results indicate that RT can be an effective soil management practice for wind erosion prevention during the fallow period in semiarid Aragon. The study shows, likewise, that significant changes in soil aggregate size distribution associated with wind erosion processes may occur in short periods of time. Thus, temporal variability of soil surface properties, including crust and clods stability, needs to be considered in wind erosion research in agricultural soils.

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil and Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    The final version is available at:\ud \ud http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01671987Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragón (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragón. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid aragon ne spain
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates<0.84 mm diameter) was 41% and 50% after Chiseling and mouldboard Ploughing, respectively. The percentage of soil cover with crop residues and clods was 15% after Chiseling and only 4% after mouldboard Ploughing. The frontal area of this nonerodible material and soil roughness was reduced four times after mouldboard Ploughing. Although direct comparisons of tillage effects are still necessary, these first results suggest that reduced tillage, with Chiseling as primary tillage, could be considered as a viable alternative for wind erosion control during the fallow period in semiarid Aragon. This study indicates, likewise, the need to consider the temporal and spatial variability of soil properties affecting wind erosion in agricultural soils.

M.v. López - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of reduced tillage on soil surface properties affecting wind erosion in semiarid fallow lands of central aragon
    European Journal of Agronomy, 2000
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe
    Abstract:

    Abstract In Central Aragon (NE Spain), where strong and dry winds are frequent all year round, fallow lands are susceptible to wind erosion due to insufficient crop residues on the surface and loose, finely divided soils by multiple tillage operations. Effects of conventional tillage (CT — mouldboard Ploughing followed by a compacting roller) and reduced tillage (RT — Chisel Ploughing) on soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were studied during three experimental campaigns in a dryland field of Central Aragon. RT provided higher soil protection than CT through a lower wind erodible fraction of soil surface (on average, 10% less) and a significantly higher percentage of soil cover with crop residues and clods (30% higher). Random roughness was also higher after RT than after CT (15 vs. 4%). These results indicate that RT can be an effective soil management practice for wind erosion prevention during the fallow period in semiarid Aragon. The study shows, likewise, that significant changes in soil aggregate size distribution associated with wind erosion processes may occur in short periods of time. Thus, temporal variability of soil surface properties, including crust and clods stability, needs to be considered in wind erosion research in agricultural soils.

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil and Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    The final version is available at:\ud \ud http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01671987Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragón (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragón. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid aragon ne spain
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates<0.84 mm diameter) was 41% and 50% after Chiseling and mouldboard Ploughing, respectively. The percentage of soil cover with crop residues and clods was 15% after Chiseling and only 4% after mouldboard Ploughing. The frontal area of this nonerodible material and soil roughness was reduced four times after mouldboard Ploughing. Although direct comparisons of tillage effects are still necessary, these first results suggest that reduced tillage, with Chiseling as primary tillage, could be considered as a viable alternative for wind erosion control during the fallow period in semiarid Aragon. This study indicates, likewise, the need to consider the temporal and spatial variability of soil properties affecting wind erosion in agricultural soils.

Veera Kainiemi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Short-term organic matter mineralisation following different types of tillage on a Swedish clay soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2013
    Co-Authors: Veera Kainiemi, Johan Arvidsson, Thomas Kätterer
    Abstract:

    Reduced tillage is proposed as a method of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, tillage effects on organic matter turnover are often contradictory and data are lacking on how tillage practices affect soil respiration in northern Europe. This field study (1) quantified the short-term effects of different tillage methods and timing on soil respiration and N mineralisation and (2) examined changes in aggregate size distribution due to different tillage operations and how these relate to soil respiration. The study was conducted on Swedish clay soil (Eutric Cambisol) and compared no-tillage with three forms of tillage applied in early or late autumn 2010: mouldboard Ploughing to 20–22 cm and Chisel Ploughing to 12 or 5 cm depth. Soil respiration, soil temperature, gravimetric water content, mineral N and aggregate size distribution were measured. The results showed that respiration was significantly higher ( P  

  • Short-term organic matter mineralisation following different types of tillage on a Swedish clay soil
    Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2013
    Co-Authors: Veera Kainiemi, Johan Arvidsson, Thomas Kätterer
    Abstract:

    Reduced tillage is proposed as a method of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, tillage effects on organic matter turnover are often contradictory and data are lacking on how tillage practices affect soil respiration in northern Europe. This field study (1) quantified the short-term effects of different tillage methods and timing on soil respiration and N mineralisation and (2) examined changes in aggregate size distribution due to different tillage operations and how these relate to soil respiration. The study was conducted on Swedish clay soil (Eutric Cambisol) and compared no-tillage with three forms of tillage applied in early or late autumn 2010: mouldboard Ploughing to 20–22 cm and Chisel Ploughing to 12 or 5 cm depth. Soil respiration, soil temperature, gravimetric water content, mineral N and aggregate size distribution were measured. The results showed that respiration was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in no-till than in tilled plots during the 2 weeks following tillage in early September. Later tillage gave a similar trend but treatments did not differ significantly. Soil tillage and temperature explained 56 % of the variation in respiration. In the early tillage treatment, soil respiration decreased with tillage depth. Mineral N status was not affected by tillage treatment or timing. Soil water content did not differ significantly between tillage practices and therefore did not explain differences in respiration. The results indicate that conventional tillage in early autumn may reduce short-term soil respiration compared with Chisel Ploughing and no-till in clay soils in northern Europe.

L Gomes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil and Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    The final version is available at:\ud \ud http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01671987Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragón (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragón. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • Tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid Aragón (NE Spain)
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates

  • tillage effects on soil surface conditions and dust emission by wind erosion in semiarid aragon ne spain
    Soil & Tillage Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: M.v. López, M Sabre, R. Gracia, J.l. Arrúe, L Gomes
    Abstract:

    Wind erosion is one of the most serious soil degradation problems in many agricultural regions of the world. Due to particular soil and climate conditions and inappropriate agricultural practices, Central Aragon (NE Spain) is a semiarid region prone to land degradation by wind erosion. However, actual wind erosion data are not yet available. We report here results from a wind erosion study conducted during the summer 1995 within a single dryland field located in Central Aragon. Two consecutive field experiments investigated the effects of Chisel Ploughing (reduced tillage) and mouldboard Ploughing (conventional tillage) on soil surface conditions and vertical dust flux. Micrometeorological data and suspended sediment samples were collected in the month following each tillage operation. Likewise, soil surface properties affecting wind erosion were determined immediately after tillage. Values of vertical dust flux varied from 0.52 to 5.03 μg m−2 s−1 (for a range of wind shear velocity of 0.46–0.56 m s−1) during the first experimental period (after Chisel Ploughing) and from 1.45 to 11.66 μg m−2 s−1 (for shear velocities between 0.37 and 0.72 m s−1) in the second experiment (mouldboard Ploughing). The wind-erodible fraction of soil surface (aggregates<0.84 mm diameter) was 41% and 50% after Chiseling and mouldboard Ploughing, respectively. The percentage of soil cover with crop residues and clods was 15% after Chiseling and only 4% after mouldboard Ploughing. The frontal area of this nonerodible material and soil roughness was reduced four times after mouldboard Ploughing. Although direct comparisons of tillage effects are still necessary, these first results suggest that reduced tillage, with Chiseling as primary tillage, could be considered as a viable alternative for wind erosion control during the fallow period in semiarid Aragon. This study indicates, likewise, the need to consider the temporal and spatial variability of soil properties affecting wind erosion in agricultural soils.