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B. Lawson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chlamydiosis in British Garden Birds (2005–2011): Retrospective Diagnosis and Chlamydia psittaci Genotype Determination
EcoHealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), 7 great tits ( Parus major ), 3 blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ), 2 collared doves ( Streptopelia decaocto , Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin ( Erithacus rubecula ). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci -positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british garden birds 2005 2011 retrospective diagnosis and chlamydia psittaci genotype determination
Ecohealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks (Prunella modularis), 7 great tits (Parus major), 3 blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), 2 collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto, Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin (Erithacus rubecula). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci-positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british songbirds
Veterinary Record, 2012Co-Authors: Katie M Colvile, M. P. Dagleish, S. K. John, B. Lawson, Ann Pocknell, A. A. CunninghamAbstract:Avian Chlamydiosis (‘psittacosis’) is caused by the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia (previously Chlamydophila ) psittaci (Andersen and Franson 2007). Birds are natural hosts of C psittaci , and a wide range of avian species are susceptible to infection (Kaleta and Taday 2003). C psittaci causes potentially severe zoonotic disease, and captive psittacines have most often been implicated as the source of infection in humans (Vanrompay and others 1995). While C psittaci infection is prevalent in wild columbiforms in Britain (Bracewell and Bevan 1986, Sharples and Baines 2009), its prevalence in wild passerines is unknown. Some studies in continental Europe have demonstrated a high prevalence of subclinical C psittaci infection in Paridae (tit species). For example, Holzinger-Umlauf and others (1997) detected Chlamydia sp. in 54 per cent of 399 free-living, apparently healthy Paridae in Germany, but Zweifel and others (2009) failed to detect C psittaci in any of the 527 free-living passerines (including 51 tits, 12 robins and 2 dunnocks) in Switzerland. Chlamydiosis is infrequently seen in wild birds (Simpson and Bevan 1989); the collared dove ( Streptopelia decaocto ) appears to be the most commonly affected British species (de Gruchy 1983, Gough and Bevan 1983). There have been only two previous reports of Chlamydiosis outbreaks in songbirds (‘oscines’; suborder Passeri) in Britain. Simpson and Bevan (1989) diagnosed an outbreak in Cornwall (using ELISA and C psittaci isolation) in May 1988, in which ‘four robins ( Erithacus rubecula ), eight dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), one great tit ( Parus major ) and a coal tit ( Parus ( Periparus ) ater )’ were found dead. Also, Chlamydiosis was diagnosed (using PCR and immunohistochemistry) in a robin and a chaffinch ( Fringilla …
K. Sachse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine Chlamydiosis)
2020Co-Authors: K. Sachse, David LongbottomAbstract:Ovine Chlamydiosis, also known as enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE) or ovine enzootic abortion (OEA), is caused by the bacterium Chlamydophila abortus. Chlamydial abortion typically occurs in the last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy with the appearance of stillborn lambs and inflamed placentas. However, infection can also result in the delivery of full-term stillborn lambs or weak lambs that do not survive longer than 48 hours. Infected ewes can also give birth to healthy lambs and it is not uncommon to observe delivery of a dead and a weak or healthy lamb. There are rarely any predictive signs that abortion is going to occur, although behavioural changes and a vulval discharge can be observed in the last 48 hours of pregnancy. Diagnosis of enzootic abortion depends on the isolation and identification of the causative agent or detection of the agent or its nucleic acid in the products of abortion or vaginal excretions of freshly aborted females. A humoral antibody response may be detected following abortion. Goats as well as sheep and, less commonly, cattle, pigs, horses and deer, can be affected. Chlamydiosis of small ruminants is a zoonosis and the organism must be handled with biosafety precautions. Pregnant women are particularly at risk. Identification of the agent: The basis for a positive diagnosis of infection with C. abortus depends on a history of abortion in sheep or goats (often in late pregnancy), evidence of necrotic placentitis, and the demonstration of large numbers of the organism in stained smears of affected placentae. The still moist fleece of fetuses or vaginal swabs of females that have freshly aborted are also useful. Care is needed to distinguish cotyledonary damage caused by Toxoplasma gondii and, in stained smears, to be aware of the morphological similarities between C. abortus and Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever. Chlamydial antigen can be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry or the fluorescent antibody test, whereas chlamydial DNA can be detected by the polymerase chain reaction or by microarray. Some of these methods are available in commercial kit form. Chlamydophila abortuscan be isolated only in living cells; thus facilities for growth in chicken embryos or cell cultures, with appropriate biohazard containment, are required. Serological tests: A rise in antibody titre to C. abortus, detected by the complement fixation (CF) test, is common after abortion or stillbirth, but this does not occur in every case. Chlamydophila abortus shares common antigens with C. pecorum and some Gram-negative bacteria, so that the CF test is not wholly specific, nor does it distinguish between responses to vaccination and to infection. Low CF titres need to be interpreted with caution, particularly if these are encountered in individual animals or in flocks with no history of abortion. Alternative serological tests have been developed and some commercialised, but none has been sufficiently appraised so far for field use. A delayed hypersensitivity reaction to chlamydial antigen can be elicited in infected sheep, but the procedure is not amenable to routine use. Requirements for vaccines: Inactivated and live vaccines are available that have been reported to prevent abortion and to reduce excretion. They assist in control of the disease but will not eradicate it. Serological screening during the period after parturition helps to identify infected flocks, to which control measures can then be applied.
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Avian Chlamydiosis
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports, 2015Co-Authors: K. Sachse, Karine Laroucau, Daisy VanrompayAbstract:Recent findings in research on avian Chlamydiosis include an increase in the reported prevalence of Chlamydia ( C. ) psittaci in poultry flocks, detailed descriptions of molecular processes governing the course of infection in vivo, as well as the discovery of new chlamydial species. Here we review the major advances of the last 6 years. In particular, we suggest that the observed re-emergence of C. psittaci infections in domestic poultry are due to a reduction in the use of antibiotics and better diagnostic assays. Cellular and animal models have significantly contributed to improving our understanding of the pathogenesis, including the events leading to systemic disease. The elucidation of host–pathogen interactions revealed the efficiency of C. psittaci in proliferating and disseminating despite the action of pro-inflammatory mediators and other factors during host immune response. Finally, the recent introduction of C. avium and C. gallinacea sheds new light on the epidemiology and aetiopathology of avian Chlamydiosis.
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Chlamydiosis in British Garden Birds (2005–2011): Retrospective Diagnosis and Chlamydia psittaci Genotype Determination
EcoHealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), 7 great tits ( Parus major ), 3 blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ), 2 collared doves ( Streptopelia decaocto , Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin ( Erithacus rubecula ). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci -positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british garden birds 2005 2011 retrospective diagnosis and chlamydia psittaci genotype determination
Ecohealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks (Prunella modularis), 7 great tits (Parus major), 3 blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), 2 collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto, Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin (Erithacus rubecula). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci-positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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avian Chlamydiosis two more bacterial players discovered
Veterinary Journal, 2014Co-Authors: K. Sachse, Karine LaroucauAbstract:The recent description of two new bacterial species of the family Chlamydiaceae sheds new light on an old disease. Avian Chlamydiosis, also called psittacosis, ornithosis or parrot fever, has been known for centuries and is a major factor of economic loss to the poultry industry as well as a permanent risk for zoonotic transmission to man ( Harkinezhad et al., 2009). Depending on the infecting strain and the avian host involved, the clinical manifestations include pneumonia, air sacculitis, pericarditis, hepatitis and/or splenitis, occasionally with fatal outcome. In addition, latent infection has a potential of causing recurrent clinical disease ending in chronicity. Moreover, intermittent shedding of carriers represents an important reservoir of infection for birds and humans. ...
K. M. Beckmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chlamydiosis in British Garden Birds (2005–2011): Retrospective Diagnosis and Chlamydia psittaci Genotype Determination
EcoHealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), 7 great tits ( Parus major ), 3 blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ), 2 collared doves ( Streptopelia decaocto , Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin ( Erithacus rubecula ). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci -positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british garden birds 2005 2011 retrospective diagnosis and chlamydia psittaci genotype determination
Ecohealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks (Prunella modularis), 7 great tits (Parus major), 3 blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), 2 collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto, Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin (Erithacus rubecula). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci-positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
Krzysztof Niemczuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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avian Chlamydiosis zoonotic disease
Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Monika Szymanskaczerwinska, Krzysztof NiemczukAbstract:Abstract This review presents recent data about avian Chlamydiosis. Chlamydia psittaci has been considered to be the main causative agent of Chlamydiosis in birds; however, two new Chlamydia species have been detected recently—C. gallinacea in breeding birds and C. avium in wild birds. We discuss the zoonotic potential of avian Chlamydia species.
S. K. John - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chlamydiosis in British Garden Birds (2005–2011): Retrospective Diagnosis and Chlamydia psittaci Genotype Determination
EcoHealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), 7 great tits ( Parus major ), 3 blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ), 2 collared doves ( Streptopelia decaocto , Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin ( Erithacus rubecula ). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci -positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british garden birds 2005 2011 retrospective diagnosis and chlamydia psittaci genotype determination
Ecohealth, 2014Co-Authors: K. M. Beckmann, N. Borel, A. M. Pocknell, M. P. Dagleish, K. Sachse, S. K. John, A. Pospischil, A. A. Cunningham, B. LawsonAbstract:The significance of Chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (Order Passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic Chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. We reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005–2011). Where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of Chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for C. psittaci infection using PCR and ArrayTube Microarray assays. Twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks (Prunella modularis), 7 great tits (Parus major), 3 blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), 2 collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto, Order Columbiformes), and 1 robin (Erithacus rubecula). Chlamydia psittaci genotype A was identified in all positive passerines and in a further three dunnocks and three robins diagnosed with Chlamydiosis from a previous study. Two collared doves had genotype E. Ten of the 21 C. psittaci-positive birds identified in the current study had histological lesions consistent with Chlamydiosis and co-localizing Chlamydia spp. antigens on immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that Chlamydiosis may be a more common disease of British passerines than was previously recognized. Wild passerines may be a source of C. psittaci zoonotic infection, and people should be advised to take appropriate hygiene precautions when handling bird feeders or wild birds.
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Chlamydiosis in british songbirds
Veterinary Record, 2012Co-Authors: Katie M Colvile, M. P. Dagleish, S. K. John, B. Lawson, Ann Pocknell, A. A. CunninghamAbstract:Avian Chlamydiosis (‘psittacosis’) is caused by the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia (previously Chlamydophila ) psittaci (Andersen and Franson 2007). Birds are natural hosts of C psittaci , and a wide range of avian species are susceptible to infection (Kaleta and Taday 2003). C psittaci causes potentially severe zoonotic disease, and captive psittacines have most often been implicated as the source of infection in humans (Vanrompay and others 1995). While C psittaci infection is prevalent in wild columbiforms in Britain (Bracewell and Bevan 1986, Sharples and Baines 2009), its prevalence in wild passerines is unknown. Some studies in continental Europe have demonstrated a high prevalence of subclinical C psittaci infection in Paridae (tit species). For example, Holzinger-Umlauf and others (1997) detected Chlamydia sp. in 54 per cent of 399 free-living, apparently healthy Paridae in Germany, but Zweifel and others (2009) failed to detect C psittaci in any of the 527 free-living passerines (including 51 tits, 12 robins and 2 dunnocks) in Switzerland. Chlamydiosis is infrequently seen in wild birds (Simpson and Bevan 1989); the collared dove ( Streptopelia decaocto ) appears to be the most commonly affected British species (de Gruchy 1983, Gough and Bevan 1983). There have been only two previous reports of Chlamydiosis outbreaks in songbirds (‘oscines’; suborder Passeri) in Britain. Simpson and Bevan (1989) diagnosed an outbreak in Cornwall (using ELISA and C psittaci isolation) in May 1988, in which ‘four robins ( Erithacus rubecula ), eight dunnocks ( Prunella modularis ), one great tit ( Parus major ) and a coal tit ( Parus ( Periparus ) ater )’ were found dead. Also, Chlamydiosis was diagnosed (using PCR and immunohistochemistry) in a robin and a chaffinch ( Fringilla …