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Tauber, Maurice J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Qing-he Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacophagy in green lacewings neuroptera chrysopidae Chrysopa spp
    PeerJ, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamal Chauhan, Qing-he Zhang
    Abstract:

    Green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are voracious predators of aphids and other small, soft-bodied insects and mites. Earlier, we identified (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial from wild males of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say, which is released from thousands of microscopic dermal glands on the abdominal sterna. Iridodial-baited traps attract C. oculata and other Chrysopa spp. males into traps, while females come to the vicinity of, but do not usually enter traps. Despite their healthy appearance and normal fertility, laboratory-reared C. oculata males do not produce iridodial. Surprisingly, goldeneyed lacewing males caught alive in iridodial-baited traps attempt to eat the lure and, in Asia, males of other Chrysopa species reportedly eat the native plant, Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (Actinidiaceae) to obtain the monoterpenoid, neomatatabiol. These observations suggest that Chrysopa males must sequester exogenous natural iridoids in order to produce iridodial; we investigated this phenomenon in laboratory feeding studies. Lacewing adult males fed various monoterpenes reduced carbonyls to alcohols and saturated double bonds, but did not convert these compounds to iridodial. Only males fed the common aphid sex pheromone component, (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol, produced (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial. Furthermore, although C. oculata males fed the second common aphid sex pheromone component, (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, did not produce iridodial, they did convert ∼75% of this compound to the corresponding dihydronepetalactone, and wild C. oculata males collected in early spring contained traces of this dihydronepetalactone. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Chrysopa males feed on oviparae (the late-season pheromone producing stage of aphids) to obtain nepetalactol as a precursor to iridodial. In the spring, however, wild C. oculata males produce less iridodial than do males collected later in the season. Therefore, we further hypothesize that Asian Chrysopa eat A. polygama to obtain iridoid precursors in order to make their pheromone, and that other iridoid-producing plants elsewhere in the world must be similarly usurped by male Chrysopa species to sequester pheromone precursors.

  • Pharmacophagy in green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopa spp.)?
    PeerJ Inc., 2016
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamal Chauhan, Qing-he Zhang
    Abstract:

    Green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are voracious predators of aphids and other small, soft-bodied insects and mites. Earlier, we identified (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial from wild males of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say, which is released from thousands of microscopic dermal glands on the abdominal sterna. Iridodial-baited traps attract C. oculata and other Chrysopa spp. males into traps, while females come to the vicinity of, but do not usually enter traps. Despite their healthy appearance and normal fertility, laboratory-reared C. oculata males do not produce iridodial. Surprisingly, goldeneyed lacewing males caught alive in iridodial-baited traps attempt to eat the lure and, in Asia, males of other Chrysopa species reportedly eat the native plant, Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (Actinidiaceae) to obtain the monoterpenoid, neomatatabiol. These observations suggest that Chrysopa males must sequester exogenous natural iridoids in order to produce iridodial; we investigated this phenomenon in laboratory feeding studies. Lacewing adult males fed various monoterpenes reduced carbonyls to alcohols and saturated double bonds, but did not convert these compounds to iridodial. Only males fed the common aphid sex pheromone component, (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol, produced (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial. Furthermore, although C. oculata males fed the second common aphid sex pheromone component, (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, did not produce iridodial, they did convert ∼75% of this compound to the corresponding dihydronepetalactone, and wild C. oculata males collected in early spring contained traces of this dihydronepetalactone. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Chrysopa males feed on oviparae (the late-season pheromone producing stage of aphids) to obtain nepetalactol as a precursor to iridodial. In the spring, however, wild C. oculata males produce less iridodial than do males collected later in the season. Therefore, we further hypothesize that Asian Chrysopa eat A. polygama to obtain iridoid precursors in order to make their pheromone, and that other iridoid-producing plants elsewhere in the world must be similarly usurped by male Chrysopa species to sequester pheromone precursors

  • evaluation of herbivore induced plant volatiles for monitoring green lacewings in washington apple orchards
    Biological Control, 2011
    Co-Authors: Vincent P Jones, Qing-he Zhang, Shawn A Steffan, Nik G Wiman, David R Horton, Eugene Miliczky, Callie C Baker
    Abstract:

    We evaluated five herbivore-induced plant volatiles plus a male-produced pheromone as attractants for adult green lacewings in Washington apple orchards in 2008. We found at least five attractants or combinations of attractants were attractive to the three most abundant green lacewing species in our trials. Chrysopa nigricornis and Chrysopa oculata were attracted to the combination of methyl salicylate and iridodial with iridodial alone being the second best attractant. Chrysoperla plorabunda was found in lower numbers than C. nigricornis and C. oculata, but did exhibit a significant attraction to benzaldehyde. In mid-summer, we added the herbivore-induced plant volatile squalene to the study and found it to be exceedingly attractive, but only to male C. nigricornis. Whether alone or in combination, squalene attracted 4–5-fold more C. nigricornis than any other compound tested. Our data have revealed C. nigricornis to be an abundant orchard predator that can be readily monitored with squalene-baited traps. Despite the obvious promise of HIPVs in biological control programs, we urge caution in their deployment as large-scale attractants, at least until further studies have investigated potential disruption of natural enemy population dynamics.

  • Iridodial: a powerful attractant for the green lacewing, Chrysopa septempunctata (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
    Naturwissenschaften, 2006
    Co-Authors: Qing-he Zhang, Maoling Sheng, Guofa Chen, Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamlesh R. Chauhan
    Abstract:

    The lacewing Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael is an important, common predator of several insects in China, Japan, Russia, and many parts of Europe. Our field trapping experiments in northeast China showed that males of this green lacewing are strongly attracted to the lacewing pheromone of Chrysopa oculata Say, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial. The induced plant volatile, methyl salicylate, was unattractive to C. septempunctata by itself at the concentration tested, but synergistic when combined with iridodial where the lacewing population was high. (1 R ,4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-Nepetalactol and (4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-nepetalactone (aphid sex pheromone components) caught significantly more males of C. septempunctata than did blank control traps, but were inferior to iridodial dispensers, which remained strongly attractive to C. septempunctata males for at least 2.5 months. These results indicate that (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial is a powerful attractant for C. septempunctata , and may have great potential for enhanced biological control of garden, agricultural, and forest insect pests.

  • Semiochemistry of the Goldeneyed Lacewing Chrysopa oculata: Attraction of Males to a Male-Produced Pheromone
    Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Qing-he Zhang, Kamlesh R. Chauhan, Eric F. Erbe, Ajay R. Vellore, Jeffrey R. Aldrich
    Abstract:

    Gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) experiments showed that antennae of males and females of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say ( Co. = Chrysopa ), consistently responded to four compounds extracted from the abdominal cuticle of males: nonanal, nonanol, nonanoic acid, and (1 R *,2 S *,5 R *,8 R *)-iridodial. These compounds were not detected from abdominal cuticle of females. Thoracic extracts of both sexes contained antennal-stimulatory 1-tridecene and EAD-inactive skatole. Chrysopa oculata adults were most sensitive to (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial standard at an EAD-response threshold between 0.1 and 1 pg, which was 10–100 times lower than thresholds for nonanal and nonanoic acid, and up to 10,000 times lower than thresholds for other compounds tested. A similar EAD response pattern was also found in another Chrysopa sp. ( Co. quadripunctata Burmeister). In field-trapping experiments, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial was the only male-specific compound that attracted Co. oculata males. Males also were weakly attracted to (1 R ,4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-nepetalactol (an aphid sex pheromone component), probably due to the 5% (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial present in the synthetic sample as an impurity. A herbivore-induced plant volatile, methyl salicylate, increased attraction of males to (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial, whereas 1-tridecene was antagonistic. No females were caught in the entire study. Scanning electron micrographs revealed numerous male-specific, elliptical epidermal glands on the 3rd–8th abdominal sternites of Co. oculata , which are likely the pheromone glands. Another lacewing species, Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) ( Cl. = Chrysoperla ), did not produce male-specific volatiles or possess the type of gland presumed to produce pheromone in Co. oculata males, but ( Z )-4-tridecene was identified as a major antennal-stimulatory compound from thoracic extracts of both sexes of Cl. rufilabris . Thus, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial (or its enantiomer) is now identified as a male-produced male aggregation pheromone for Co. oculata , the first pheromone identified for lacewings.

Tauber, Catherine A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jeffrey R. Aldrich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacophagy in green lacewings neuroptera chrysopidae Chrysopa spp
    PeerJ, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamal Chauhan, Qing-he Zhang
    Abstract:

    Green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are voracious predators of aphids and other small, soft-bodied insects and mites. Earlier, we identified (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial from wild males of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say, which is released from thousands of microscopic dermal glands on the abdominal sterna. Iridodial-baited traps attract C. oculata and other Chrysopa spp. males into traps, while females come to the vicinity of, but do not usually enter traps. Despite their healthy appearance and normal fertility, laboratory-reared C. oculata males do not produce iridodial. Surprisingly, goldeneyed lacewing males caught alive in iridodial-baited traps attempt to eat the lure and, in Asia, males of other Chrysopa species reportedly eat the native plant, Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (Actinidiaceae) to obtain the monoterpenoid, neomatatabiol. These observations suggest that Chrysopa males must sequester exogenous natural iridoids in order to produce iridodial; we investigated this phenomenon in laboratory feeding studies. Lacewing adult males fed various monoterpenes reduced carbonyls to alcohols and saturated double bonds, but did not convert these compounds to iridodial. Only males fed the common aphid sex pheromone component, (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol, produced (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial. Furthermore, although C. oculata males fed the second common aphid sex pheromone component, (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, did not produce iridodial, they did convert ∼75% of this compound to the corresponding dihydronepetalactone, and wild C. oculata males collected in early spring contained traces of this dihydronepetalactone. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Chrysopa males feed on oviparae (the late-season pheromone producing stage of aphids) to obtain nepetalactol as a precursor to iridodial. In the spring, however, wild C. oculata males produce less iridodial than do males collected later in the season. Therefore, we further hypothesize that Asian Chrysopa eat A. polygama to obtain iridoid precursors in order to make their pheromone, and that other iridoid-producing plants elsewhere in the world must be similarly usurped by male Chrysopa species to sequester pheromone precursors.

  • Pharmacophagy in green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopa spp.)?
    PeerJ Inc., 2016
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamal Chauhan, Qing-he Zhang
    Abstract:

    Green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are voracious predators of aphids and other small, soft-bodied insects and mites. Earlier, we identified (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial from wild males of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say, which is released from thousands of microscopic dermal glands on the abdominal sterna. Iridodial-baited traps attract C. oculata and other Chrysopa spp. males into traps, while females come to the vicinity of, but do not usually enter traps. Despite their healthy appearance and normal fertility, laboratory-reared C. oculata males do not produce iridodial. Surprisingly, goldeneyed lacewing males caught alive in iridodial-baited traps attempt to eat the lure and, in Asia, males of other Chrysopa species reportedly eat the native plant, Actinidia polygama (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. (Actinidiaceae) to obtain the monoterpenoid, neomatatabiol. These observations suggest that Chrysopa males must sequester exogenous natural iridoids in order to produce iridodial; we investigated this phenomenon in laboratory feeding studies. Lacewing adult males fed various monoterpenes reduced carbonyls to alcohols and saturated double bonds, but did not convert these compounds to iridodial. Only males fed the common aphid sex pheromone component, (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol, produced (1R,2S,5R,8R)-iridodial. Furthermore, although C. oculata males fed the second common aphid sex pheromone component, (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, did not produce iridodial, they did convert ∼75% of this compound to the corresponding dihydronepetalactone, and wild C. oculata males collected in early spring contained traces of this dihydronepetalactone. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Chrysopa males feed on oviparae (the late-season pheromone producing stage of aphids) to obtain nepetalactol as a precursor to iridodial. In the spring, however, wild C. oculata males produce less iridodial than do males collected later in the season. Therefore, we further hypothesize that Asian Chrysopa eat A. polygama to obtain iridoid precursors in order to make their pheromone, and that other iridoid-producing plants elsewhere in the world must be similarly usurped by male Chrysopa species to sequester pheromone precursors

  • Iridodial: a powerful attractant for the green lacewing, Chrysopa septempunctata (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
    Naturwissenschaften, 2006
    Co-Authors: Qing-he Zhang, Maoling Sheng, Guofa Chen, Jeffrey R. Aldrich, Kamlesh R. Chauhan
    Abstract:

    The lacewing Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael is an important, common predator of several insects in China, Japan, Russia, and many parts of Europe. Our field trapping experiments in northeast China showed that males of this green lacewing are strongly attracted to the lacewing pheromone of Chrysopa oculata Say, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial. The induced plant volatile, methyl salicylate, was unattractive to C. septempunctata by itself at the concentration tested, but synergistic when combined with iridodial where the lacewing population was high. (1 R ,4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-Nepetalactol and (4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-nepetalactone (aphid sex pheromone components) caught significantly more males of C. septempunctata than did blank control traps, but were inferior to iridodial dispensers, which remained strongly attractive to C. septempunctata males for at least 2.5 months. These results indicate that (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial is a powerful attractant for C. septempunctata , and may have great potential for enhanced biological control of garden, agricultural, and forest insect pests.

  • Semiochemistry of the Goldeneyed Lacewing Chrysopa oculata: Attraction of Males to a Male-Produced Pheromone
    Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Qing-he Zhang, Kamlesh R. Chauhan, Eric F. Erbe, Ajay R. Vellore, Jeffrey R. Aldrich
    Abstract:

    Gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) experiments showed that antennae of males and females of the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata Say ( Co. = Chrysopa ), consistently responded to four compounds extracted from the abdominal cuticle of males: nonanal, nonanol, nonanoic acid, and (1 R *,2 S *,5 R *,8 R *)-iridodial. These compounds were not detected from abdominal cuticle of females. Thoracic extracts of both sexes contained antennal-stimulatory 1-tridecene and EAD-inactive skatole. Chrysopa oculata adults were most sensitive to (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial standard at an EAD-response threshold between 0.1 and 1 pg, which was 10–100 times lower than thresholds for nonanal and nonanoic acid, and up to 10,000 times lower than thresholds for other compounds tested. A similar EAD response pattern was also found in another Chrysopa sp. ( Co. quadripunctata Burmeister). In field-trapping experiments, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial was the only male-specific compound that attracted Co. oculata males. Males also were weakly attracted to (1 R ,4a S ,7 S ,7a R )-nepetalactol (an aphid sex pheromone component), probably due to the 5% (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial present in the synthetic sample as an impurity. A herbivore-induced plant volatile, methyl salicylate, increased attraction of males to (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial, whereas 1-tridecene was antagonistic. No females were caught in the entire study. Scanning electron micrographs revealed numerous male-specific, elliptical epidermal glands on the 3rd–8th abdominal sternites of Co. oculata , which are likely the pheromone glands. Another lacewing species, Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) ( Cl. = Chrysoperla ), did not produce male-specific volatiles or possess the type of gland presumed to produce pheromone in Co. oculata males, but ( Z )-4-tridecene was identified as a major antennal-stimulatory compound from thoracic extracts of both sexes of Cl. rufilabris . Thus, (1 R ,2 S ,5 R ,8 R )-iridodial (or its enantiomer) is now identified as a male-produced male aggregation pheromone for Co. oculata , the first pheromone identified for lacewings.

  • iridodials enantiospecific synthesis and stereochemical assignment of the pheromone for the golden eyed lacewing Chrysopa oculata
    Tetrahedron Letters, 2004
    Co-Authors: Kamlesh R. Chauhan, Qing-he Zhang, Jeffrey R. Aldrich
    Abstract:

    1R,2S,5R,8R; 1R,2S,5R,8S; 1S,2S,5R,8R; and 1S,2S,5R,8S-Iridodials have been prepared in five steps from 4aS,7S,7aR and 4aS,7S,7aS-nepetalactones, major components of catnip oil. 1R,2S,5R,8R-Iridodial has been identified as a male-produced male-aggregation pheromone for Chrysopa oculata, the first pheromone of any kind identified for lacewings.

Albuquerque, Gilberto S. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.