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Enzo Orlandini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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knotting and metric scaling properties of dna confined in nano channels a monte carlo study
Soft Matter, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:We report on a numerical study of the equilibrium metric scaling features and knotting properties of linear and Circular Model DNA chains inside cylindrical channels. The Model chains are 1.2–4.8 μm long and the channels are 30–1500 nm wide. The metric scaling behaviour of confined Circular chains is shown to follow the de Gennes regime down to channel widths of ∼85 nm, analogously to the well-studied case of open chains. A notable fact is that the same channel width (85 nm) is associated with a maximum incidence of knots in both linear and Circularised chains regardless of their contour lengths. This coincidence suggests that topology-based features could aid the challenging characterization of the metric crossover behaviour. Finally, it is shown that compared to slits and cavities, channels are the confining geometry where chains have the largest probability to be tied in simple knot types. The strong width-dependent knotting probability and the abundance of simple knots suggest that nano-fluidic devices based on nano-channels could be ideally suited for producing DNA molecules that are preferentially tied in simple knots for sieving molecules based on their knotted state.
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numerical study of linear and Circular Model dna chains confined in a slit metric and topological properties
arXiv: Biological Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:Advanced Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the effect of nano-slit confinement on metric and topological properties of Model DNA chains. We consider both linear and Circularised chains with contour lengths in the 1.2--4.8 $\mu$m range and slits widths spanning continuously the 50--1250nm range. The metric scaling predicted by de Gennes' blob Model is shown to hold for both linear and Circularised DNA up to the strongest levels of confinement. More notably, the topological properties of the Circularised DNA molecules have two major differences compared to three-dimensional confinement. First, the overall knotting probability is non-monotonic for increasing confinement and can be largely enhanced or suppressed compared to the bulk case by simply varying the slit width. Secondly, the knot population consists of knots that are far simpler than for three-dimensional confinement. The results suggest that nano-slits could be used in nano-fluidic setups to produce DNA rings having simple topologies (including the unknot) or to separate heterogeneous ensembles of DNA rings by knot type.
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numerical study of linear and Circular Model dna chains confined in a slit metric and topological properties
Macromolecules, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:Advanced Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the effect of nanoslit confinement on metric and topological properties of Model DNA chains. We consider both linear and Circularized chains with contour lengths in the 1.2–4.8 μm range and slits widths spanning continuously the 50–1250 nm range. The metric scaling predicted by de Gennes’ blob Model is shown to hold for both linear and Circularized DNA up to the strongest levels of confinement. More notably, the topological properties of the Circularized DNA molecules have two major differences compared to three-dimensional confinement. First, the overall knotting probability is nonmonotonic for increasing confinement and can be largely enhanced or suppressed compared to the bulk case by simply varying the slit width. Second, the knot population consists of knots that are far simpler than for three-dimensional confinement. The results suggest that nanoslits could be used in nanofluidic setups to produce DNA rings having simple topologies (including the un...
Cristian Micheletti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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knotting and metric scaling properties of dna confined in nano channels a monte carlo study
Soft Matter, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:We report on a numerical study of the equilibrium metric scaling features and knotting properties of linear and Circular Model DNA chains inside cylindrical channels. The Model chains are 1.2–4.8 μm long and the channels are 30–1500 nm wide. The metric scaling behaviour of confined Circular chains is shown to follow the de Gennes regime down to channel widths of ∼85 nm, analogously to the well-studied case of open chains. A notable fact is that the same channel width (85 nm) is associated with a maximum incidence of knots in both linear and Circularised chains regardless of their contour lengths. This coincidence suggests that topology-based features could aid the challenging characterization of the metric crossover behaviour. Finally, it is shown that compared to slits and cavities, channels are the confining geometry where chains have the largest probability to be tied in simple knot types. The strong width-dependent knotting probability and the abundance of simple knots suggest that nano-fluidic devices based on nano-channels could be ideally suited for producing DNA molecules that are preferentially tied in simple knots for sieving molecules based on their knotted state.
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numerical study of linear and Circular Model dna chains confined in a slit metric and topological properties
arXiv: Biological Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:Advanced Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the effect of nano-slit confinement on metric and topological properties of Model DNA chains. We consider both linear and Circularised chains with contour lengths in the 1.2--4.8 $\mu$m range and slits widths spanning continuously the 50--1250nm range. The metric scaling predicted by de Gennes' blob Model is shown to hold for both linear and Circularised DNA up to the strongest levels of confinement. More notably, the topological properties of the Circularised DNA molecules have two major differences compared to three-dimensional confinement. First, the overall knotting probability is non-monotonic for increasing confinement and can be largely enhanced or suppressed compared to the bulk case by simply varying the slit width. Secondly, the knot population consists of knots that are far simpler than for three-dimensional confinement. The results suggest that nano-slits could be used in nano-fluidic setups to produce DNA rings having simple topologies (including the unknot) or to separate heterogeneous ensembles of DNA rings by knot type.
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numerical study of linear and Circular Model dna chains confined in a slit metric and topological properties
Macromolecules, 2012Co-Authors: Cristian Micheletti, Enzo OrlandiniAbstract:Advanced Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the effect of nanoslit confinement on metric and topological properties of Model DNA chains. We consider both linear and Circularized chains with contour lengths in the 1.2–4.8 μm range and slits widths spanning continuously the 50–1250 nm range. The metric scaling predicted by de Gennes’ blob Model is shown to hold for both linear and Circularized DNA up to the strongest levels of confinement. More notably, the topological properties of the Circularized DNA molecules have two major differences compared to three-dimensional confinement. First, the overall knotting probability is nonmonotonic for increasing confinement and can be largely enhanced or suppressed compared to the bulk case by simply varying the slit width. Second, the knot population consists of knots that are far simpler than for three-dimensional confinement. The results suggest that nanoslits could be used in nanofluidic setups to produce DNA rings having simple topologies (including the un...
Guilherme Luz Tortorella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exploring industry 4 0 technologies to enable Circular economy practices in a manufacturing context a business Model proposal
Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel Luiz De Mattos Nascimento, Viviam Alencastro, Osvaldo Luiz Goncalves Quelhas, Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmao Caiado, Jose Arturo Garzareyes, Luis Rochalona, Guilherme Luz TortorellaAbstract:The purpose of this paper is to explore how rising technologies from Industry 4.0 can be integrated with Circular economy (CE) practices to establish a business Model that reuses and recycles wasted material such as scrap metal or e-waste.,The qualitative research method was deployed in three stages. Stage 1 was a literature review of concepts, successful factors and barriers related to the transition towards a CE along with sustainable supply chain management, smart production systems and additive manufacturing (AM). Stage 2 comprised a conceptual framework to integrate and evaluate the synergistic potential among these concepts. Finally, stage 3 validated the proposed Model by collecting rich qualitative data based on semi-structured interviews with managers, researchers and professors of operations management to gather insightful and relevant information.,The outcome of the study is the recommendation of a Circular Model to reuse scrap electronic devices, integrating web technologies, reverse logistics and AM to support CE practices. Results suggest a positive influence from improving business sustainability by reinserting waste into the supply chain to manufacture products on demand.,The impact of reusing wasted materials to manufacture new products is relevant to minimising resource consumption and negative environmental impacts. Furthermore, it avoids hazardous materials ending up in landfills or in the oceans, seriously threatening life in ecosystems. In addition, reuse of wasted material enables the development of local business networks that generate jobs and improve economic performance.,First, the impact of reusing materials to manufacture new products minimises resource consumption and negative environmental impacts. The Circular Model also encourages keeping hazardous materials that seriously threaten life in ecosystems out of landfills and oceans. For this study, it was found that most urban waste is plastic and cast iron, leaving room for improvement in increasing recycling of scrap metal and similar materials. Second, the Circular business Model promotes a culture of reusing and recycling and motivates the development of collection and processing techniques for urban waste through the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies and Industry 4.0. In this way, the involved stakeholders are focused on the technical parts of recycling and can be better dedicated to research, development and innovation because many of the processes will be automated.,The purpose of this study was to explore how Industry 4.0 technologies are integrated with CE practices. This allows for the proposal of a Circular business Model for recycling waste and delivering new products, significantly reducing resource consumption and optimising natural resources. In a first stage, the Circular business Model can be used to recycle electronic scrap, with the proposed integration of web technologies, reverse logistics and AM as a technological platform to support the Model. These have several environmental, sociotechnical and economic implications for society.,The sociotechnical aspects are directly impacted by the Circular smart production system (CSPS) management Model, since it creates a new culture of reuse and recycling techniques for urban waste using 3D printing technologies, as well as Industry 4.0 concepts to increase production on demand and automate manufacturing processes. The tendency of the CSPS Model is to contribute to deployment CE in the manufacture of new products or parts with AM approaches, generating a new path of supply and demand for society.
Murat Ornek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental and numerical analyses of Circular footing on geogrid-reinforced granular fill underlain by soft clay
Acta Geotechnica, 2014Co-Authors: Ahmet Demir, Abdulazim Yildiz, Mustafa Laman, Murat OrnekAbstract:Experimental and numerical investigations into the bearing capacity of Circular footing on geogrid-reinforced compacted granular fill layer overlying on natural clay deposit have been conducted in this study. A total of 8 field tests were carried out using Circular Model rigid footing with a diameter of 0.30 m. 3D numerical analyses were performed to simulate soil behavior using finite element program Plaxis 3D Foundation. The results from the FE analysis are in very good agreement with the experimental observations. It is shown that the degree of improvement depends on thickness of granular fill layer and properties and configuration of geogrid layers. Parameters of the experimental and numerical analyses include depth of first reinforcement, vertical spacing of reinforcement layers. The results indicate that the use of geogrid-reinforced granular fill layers over natural clay soils has considerable effects on the bearing capacity and significantly reduces the lateral displacement and vertical displacement of the footing.
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field test of Circular footings on reinforced granular fill layer overlying a clay bed
Geotechnical Testing Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Mustafa Laman, Abdulazim Yildiz, Murat Ornek, Ahmet DemirAbstract:The ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of a Circular shallow rigid plate on compacted granular fill layer with and without geogrid reinforcement overlying on natural clay deposit exhibiting low bearing capacity and large settlement have been investigated. A total of 15 field tests were carried out using a Circular Model rigid plate with a diameter of 0.90 m. This study has been initially directed to evaluate the beneficial effects of the compacted granular fill layer on natural clay deposit for the shallow rigid plate performance. Then, the reinforcing effect of the top granular fill layer with horizontal layers of welded geogrid reinforcement on the bearing capacity and settlement has been studied. Parameters of the testing program include granular fill thickness, depth of first reinforcement, vertical spacing of reinforcement layers, and number of reinforcement layers. Bearing capacity ratio (BCR) and percentage reduction in settlement (PRS) were defined to evaluate improvement performance. Based on the test results, the effect of the granular fill and welded geogrid reinforcement on the bearing capacity and settlement are discussed. The results indicate that the use of granular fill layers over natural clay soils has considerable effects on the bearing capacity and settlement characteristics. The construction of granular fill layer with welded geogrid reinforcement over clay deposit helps in redistributing the applied load to a wider area. It has been observed that the use of welded geogrid reinforcement in granular fill layer provides additional improvement of bearing capacity and provides reduction in settlement of the rigid plate up to 80 and 60 %, respectively.
Mark Esposito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Circular economy business Models in developing economies lessons from india on reduce recycle and reuse paradigms
Thunderbird International Business Review, 2018Co-Authors: Sandeep Goyal, Mark Esposito, Amit KapoorAbstract:According to the UN Sustainable Development Goals in 2016, the demand for resources will require natural resources equivalent to two and three planets by 2030 and 2050, respectively. The linear economic Model driven by a “take-make-dispose” philosophy is unable to manage the demand and supply balance in consumption of natural resources. This imbalance is affecting the sustainability of the countries and enterprises as well as affecting the global supply chain leading to socioeconomic and environmental risks and volatility. Realizing the future resource scarcity challenge, the current linear economy Model is giving way to the Circular economy Model. The Circular economy Model focuses on careful alignment and management of resource flows across the value chain by integrating reverse logistics, design innovation, collaborative ecosystem, and business Model innovation. This article examines how Circular Model is pushing the companies in developing economies like India to design and implement business Models that are based on reduce, reuse, and recycle paradigms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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is the Circular economy a new fast expanding market
Thunderbird International Business Review, 2017Co-Authors: Mark Esposito, Terence Tse, Khaled SoufaniAbstract:The Circular pathway, also called the “cradle-to-cradle” Model, is more than just recycling and environmental concerns. It is about a new way of thinking how we could grow without resorting to just expending resources. Its rapid expansion, as a new norm for companies, has characteristics of a Fast Expanding Market, given its exponential growth. In this article, we examine how the Circular Model is pushing companies and entities to come up with disruptive technology and business Models that are based on longevity, renewability, reuse, repair, upgrade, refurbishment, servitization, capacity sharing and dematerialization. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.