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Ayesha Siddiqi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Emerging Social Contract: State‐Citizen Interaction after the Floods of 2010 and 2011 in Southern Sindh, Pakistan
    IDS Bulletin, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ayesha Siddiqi
    Abstract:

    This article looks at the post‐disaster context of Lower Sindh, a region devastated by super floods in 2010 and 2011, in an attempt to understand what government policies were implemented to assist people whose lives had been washed away. Based on fieldwork conducted in three districts of Lower Sindh this study emphasises that while a general narrative seems to suggest that the Pakistani state's post‐disaster policies and interventions were insufficient, ineffective or both, there is significant evidence to demonstrate the relative success and universal outreach of government interventions. This also had a significant impact on food security in the aftermath of the disaster. The government response to the floods has in fact contributed towards a fundamental shift in state‐Citizen relations. This underdeveloped and still emerging ‘disaster Citizenship’ in Pakistan is based on entitlements and rights rather than a Citizenship more commonly understood to be based on identity, kinship or patronage.

  • the emerging social contract state Citizen Interaction after the floods of 2010 and 2011 in southern sindh pakistan
    IDS Bulletin, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ayesha Siddiqi
    Abstract:

    This article looks at the post‐disaster context of Lower Sindh, a region devastated by super floods in 2010 and 2011, in an attempt to understand what government policies were implemented to assist people whose lives had been washed away. Based on fieldwork conducted in three districts of Lower Sindh this study emphasises that while a general narrative seems to suggest that the Pakistani state's post‐disaster policies and interventions were insufficient, ineffective or both, there is significant evidence to demonstrate the relative success and universal outreach of government interventions. This also had a significant impact on food security in the aftermath of the disaster. The government response to the floods has in fact contributed towards a fundamental shift in state‐Citizen relations. This underdeveloped and still emerging ‘disaster Citizenship’ in Pakistan is based on entitlements and rights rather than a Citizenship more commonly understood to be based on identity, kinship or patronage.

Jihong Solomon Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the impact of race ethnicity neighborhood context and police Citizen Interaction on residents attitudes toward the police
    Journal of Criminal Justice, 2010
    Co-Authors: Yung-lien Lai, Jihong Solomon Zhao
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to extend the current knowledge of public attitudes toward the police. Independent variables derived from three models, the demographic, the neighborhood context, and the police/Citizen Interaction models, were used to explain public perceptions of the police. More specifically, public attitudes toward the police was measured in two dimensions-- General Attitudes toward the police and Specific Trust in the police. The data was obtained by a telephone survey of 756 respondents in Houston, TX in 2008. The primary findings suggested that race, gender, age, victimization, and satisfaction with police work were significant predictors. Hispanic respondents reported lower levels of General Attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. In addition, there was no significant difference between Whites and Hispanics in terms of Specific Trust in police such as the use of Taser guns. These results and their practical implications for police agencies were addressed in discussion.

  • The impact of race/ethnicity, neighborhood context, and police/Citizen Interaction on residents' attitudes toward the police
    Journal of Criminal Justice, 2010
    Co-Authors: Yung-lien Lai, Jihong Solomon Zhao
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to extend the current knowledge of public attitudes toward the police. Independent variables derived from three models, the demographic, the neighborhood context, and the police/Citizen Interaction models, were used to explain public perceptions of the police. More specifically, public attitudes toward the police was measured in two dimensions-- General Attitudes toward the police and Specific Trust in the police. The data was obtained by a telephone survey of 756 respondents in Houston, TX in 2008. The primary findings suggested that race, gender, age, victimization, and satisfaction with police work were significant predictors. Hispanic respondents reported lower levels of General Attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. In addition, there was no significant difference between Whites and Hispanics in terms of Specific Trust in police such as the use of Taser guns. These results and their practical implications for police agencies were addressed in discussion.

Yung-lien Lai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the impact of race ethnicity neighborhood context and police Citizen Interaction on residents attitudes toward the police
    Journal of Criminal Justice, 2010
    Co-Authors: Yung-lien Lai, Jihong Solomon Zhao
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to extend the current knowledge of public attitudes toward the police. Independent variables derived from three models, the demographic, the neighborhood context, and the police/Citizen Interaction models, were used to explain public perceptions of the police. More specifically, public attitudes toward the police was measured in two dimensions-- General Attitudes toward the police and Specific Trust in the police. The data was obtained by a telephone survey of 756 respondents in Houston, TX in 2008. The primary findings suggested that race, gender, age, victimization, and satisfaction with police work were significant predictors. Hispanic respondents reported lower levels of General Attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. In addition, there was no significant difference between Whites and Hispanics in terms of Specific Trust in police such as the use of Taser guns. These results and their practical implications for police agencies were addressed in discussion.

  • The impact of race/ethnicity, neighborhood context, and police/Citizen Interaction on residents' attitudes toward the police
    Journal of Criminal Justice, 2010
    Co-Authors: Yung-lien Lai, Jihong Solomon Zhao
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to extend the current knowledge of public attitudes toward the police. Independent variables derived from three models, the demographic, the neighborhood context, and the police/Citizen Interaction models, were used to explain public perceptions of the police. More specifically, public attitudes toward the police was measured in two dimensions-- General Attitudes toward the police and Specific Trust in the police. The data was obtained by a telephone survey of 756 respondents in Houston, TX in 2008. The primary findings suggested that race, gender, age, victimization, and satisfaction with police work were significant predictors. Hispanic respondents reported lower levels of General Attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. In addition, there was no significant difference between Whites and Hispanics in terms of Specific Trust in police such as the use of Taser guns. These results and their practical implications for police agencies were addressed in discussion.

Christopher G. Reddick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • channel choice and public service delivery in canada comparing e government to traditional service delivery
    Government Information Quarterly, 2012
    Co-Authors: Christopher G. Reddick, Michael Turner
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study examines channel choice and public service delivery in Canada, comparing e-government to traditional service delivery channels such as the phone or visiting a government office. Factors studied include the digital divide, the nature of the Citizen Interaction with government, public service values, and satisfaction with services received by Citizens. These factors are used to determine whether they impacted choice of channel and satisfaction with that channel. This study, through logistic regression of a public opinion survey of Canadian residents, found indications suggesting a digital divide in accessing e-government; found that government websites were most commonly used for information purposes, while the phone was most commonly used to solve problems. In regards to Citizens' satisfaction, the apparent digital divide was bridged when females and older Canadians were more satisfied with their contact with a government website. In addition, a positive experience with service delivery and positive public service values lead to greater website satisfaction. The results of this study imply that the phone is a more effective service channel for solving problems, and the website is more effective for getting information. Therefore, governments need to provide multiple contact channels for Citizens, depending upon their task at hand, while ensuring consistency of information and service response across channels. Creating a positive experience for Citizens when they received a service translates into a more satisfied experience with e-government.

  • Citizen Interaction and e government evidence for the managerial consultative and participatory models
    Transforming Government: People Process and Policy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Christopher G. Reddick
    Abstract:

    Purpose – This paper aims to examine Citizen Interaction with e‐government using three e‐participation models. The two major research questions of this paper are: what is the current level of e‐participation in the USA?; and what factors explain why Citizens participate in online government?Design/methodology/approach – Survey evidence of Citizens in the USA and their use of e‐participation is examined using quantitative methods.Findings – Citizens were most likely to use e‐participation for management activities. Citizens were much less likely to use the internet for more advanced consultative and participatory activities. Using regression analysis, factors such as demand by Citizens for e‐government, the digital divide, and political factors influenced the level of e‐participation.Research limitations/implications – The results of this study imply that governments should do more to stimulate demand for e‐government, address issues of the digital divide, and provide for more open and transparent governme...

  • Citizen Interaction and e‐government: Evidence for the managerial, consultative, and participatory models
    Transforming Government: People Process and Policy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Christopher G. Reddick
    Abstract:

    Purpose – This paper aims to examine Citizen Interaction with e‐government using three e‐participation models. The two major research questions of this paper are: what is the current level of e‐participation in the USA?; and what factors explain why Citizens participate in online government?Design/methodology/approach – Survey evidence of Citizens in the USA and their use of e‐participation is examined using quantitative methods.Findings – Citizens were most likely to use e‐participation for management activities. Citizens were much less likely to use the internet for more advanced consultative and participatory activities. Using regression analysis, factors such as demand by Citizens for e‐government, the digital divide, and political factors influenced the level of e‐participation.Research limitations/implications – The results of this study imply that governments should do more to stimulate demand for e‐government, address issues of the digital divide, and provide for more open and transparent governme...

  • Citizen Interaction with e-government: From the streets to servers?
    Government Information Quarterly, 2005
    Co-Authors: Christopher G. Reddick
    Abstract:

    Abstract This article examines Citizen Interaction with e-government. Much of the existing work on the development of e-government has explored it from a supply-side perspective, such as evidence presented from surveys of what governments offer online. The demand side explanation, which is relatively unexplored, examines Citizen Interaction with e-government and is the focus of this article. E-government presently has evolved into two identifiable stages. The first stage is the information dissemination phase in which governments catalogue information for public use. The second phase is transaction-based e-government in which there is e-service delivery such as paying taxes online. This article argues that the information and transaction phases are closely intertwined with the street-level bureaucracy literature. Various attributes of Citizen Interaction with electronic government will be tested in this article. One notable finding was that the Internet improved the ability for e-Citizens to interact with government, acknowledging some initial movement from street-level to system-level bureaucracies.

Chad Posick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Measuring procedural justice and legitimacy at the local level: the police–community Interaction survey
    Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dennis P. Rosenbaum, Daniel S. Lawrence, Susan M. Hartnett, Jack Mcdevitt, Chad Posick
    Abstract:

    Objectives To introduce and evaluate the Police–Citizen Interaction (PCI) Survey, the electronic survey component of the National Police Research Platform, designed to measure the quality of police–Citizen encounters at the local level. Methods Three studies tested the feasibility, validity, and sample representativeness of the PCI Survey. A randomized control trial (RCT) compared the PCI Survey results with the most widely used survey method, the telephone survey. The primary measures were the community member’s satisfaction with the contact, judgments of procedural justice during the Interaction, police effectiveness, and police legitimacy. Results The RCT revealed no significant differences between the PCI Survey and the standard telephone survey, thus increasing confidence in the validity of the PCI methodology. The PCI Survey was able to replicate “known group” findings from prior research; capture agency-level differences in public satisfaction; uncover complex Interactions of race, type of incident and procedural justice; and show the relative importance of both process and outcome during police-initiated contacts. Conclusions The PCI Survey approach, utilizing web and voice interactive methods, shows considerable promise as a tool for measuring organizational performance in new ways, focusing on procedural fairness and the quality of police services rather than the reliance on crime statistics. The survey appears to have utility for local jurisdictions, while at the same time providing standard metrics for cross-jurisdictional theory testing and benchmarking. The survey was tested initially with three agencies of different sizes. It will be refined for implementation on a larger scale.

  • Measuring procedural justice and legitimacy at the local level: the police–community Interaction survey
    Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dennis P. Rosenbaum, Daniel S. Lawrence, Susan M. Hartnett, Jack Mcdevitt, Chad Posick
    Abstract:

    Objectives To introduce and evaluate the Police–Citizen Interaction (PCI) Survey, the electronic survey component of the National Police Research Platform, designed to measure the quality of police–Citizen encounters at the local level.