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S Ramesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Co-distillation with Weed Biomass on Yield and Chemical Composition of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2005Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, Kamla Singh, S RameshAbstract:Abstract A laboratory experiment was performed to study the influence of distilling rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium species) biomass together with different proportions (0, 5, 10, 15 and 30% by weight of rose-scented geranium biomass) of biomass of weed species growing in rose-scented geranium fields, on the yields % and compositions of oils of cultivars Algerian, Bourbon and Kelkar. Crop:weed mixtures reduced oil yields of all the three cultivars in comparison to control (pure crop biomass). Combined distillation of biomass of cv. Algerian with weed biomass decreased the concentrations of linalool, geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γeudesmol and increased the contents of isomenthone, Citronellol and citronellyl formate in its oil. This distillation method resulted in enhancements in isomenthone, Citronellol and reductions in geraniol and geranyl formate in the oil of cv. Bourbon. In cv. Kelkar, the percentages of linalool and isomenthone increased, but that of Citronellol and geraniol decreased in cro...
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yellowing and crinkling disease and its impact on the yield and composition of the essential oil of citronella cymbopogon winterianus jowitt
Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2004Co-Authors: B Rajeswara R Rao, A K Bhattacharya, Gopal R Mallavarapu, S RameshAbstract:A field experiment conducted for 2 consecutive years in a semi-arid tropical region of South India investi- gated the influence of yellowing and crinkling disease, caused by leaf-sucking insects, on the yield and composition of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (citronella cv. Java 2). Infected leaves exhibited yellow specks or blotches which in later stages developed into yellow streaks running along the length of the leaves. Emerging young leaves were pale green or yellow coloured, twisted, crinkled and developed into whip-like structures. Severely diseased plants died. The yellowing and crinkling disease decreased biomass yield in the first and second years of harvesting by 62.8% and 82.7%, respectively. The corresponding decreases in essential oil yield per plant were 62.8% and 79.0%. The essential oil exam- ined by GC and GC-MS from cultivated healthy plants contained citronellal (28.4%), geraniol (24.8%), Citronellol (11.8%) and elemol (10.2%). The major components from diseased plants were geraniol (19.0-25.5%), elemol (15.3-20.4%), citronellal (13.4-19.1%) and Citronellol (12.9-15.1%). Caryophyllene oxide (3.5-6.0%) was an important minor com- ponent. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. fore, in the present study, the variations in biomass yield, essential oil yield and essential oil composition of citronella affected by yellowing and crinkling disease caused by leaf-sucking insects were investigated.
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Comminution of Plant Material and Its Effect on the Quality of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1999Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, S RameshAbstract:Abstract Comminuted (chopped into small pieces or churned into a semi-paste in a mixer-grinder) and uncomminuted shoot and leaf oils of rose-scented geranium were compared for their yield and composition. Leaves produced higher oil yields (0.28-0.38%) than shoots (0.15-0.24%). Leaf oil was richer in geraniol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, citronellyl and geranyl tiglates, while the shoot oil was richer in (Z)-3-hexenol, cis-rose oxide, isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl and geranyl formates. Chopped shoots (0.24%) and leaves (0.38%) produced greater oil yields than uncomminuted shoots (0.15%) and leaves (0.30%). Comminuted shoot oils recorded lesser amounts of isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl/geranyl formates, some minor compounds; higher percentages of geranial, citronellyl acetate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and citronellyl/geranyl tiglates than uncomminuted shoot oil. Comminuted leaf oils were richer in linalool, some minor constituents, but poorer in geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and some minor com...
Gopal R Mallavarapu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Co-distillation with Weed Biomass on Yield and Chemical Composition of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2005Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, Kamla Singh, S RameshAbstract:Abstract A laboratory experiment was performed to study the influence of distilling rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium species) biomass together with different proportions (0, 5, 10, 15 and 30% by weight of rose-scented geranium biomass) of biomass of weed species growing in rose-scented geranium fields, on the yields % and compositions of oils of cultivars Algerian, Bourbon and Kelkar. Crop:weed mixtures reduced oil yields of all the three cultivars in comparison to control (pure crop biomass). Combined distillation of biomass of cv. Algerian with weed biomass decreased the concentrations of linalool, geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γeudesmol and increased the contents of isomenthone, Citronellol and citronellyl formate in its oil. This distillation method resulted in enhancements in isomenthone, Citronellol and reductions in geraniol and geranyl formate in the oil of cv. Bourbon. In cv. Kelkar, the percentages of linalool and isomenthone increased, but that of Citronellol and geraniol decreased in cro...
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yellowing and crinkling disease and its impact on the yield and composition of the essential oil of citronella cymbopogon winterianus jowitt
Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2004Co-Authors: B Rajeswara R Rao, A K Bhattacharya, Gopal R Mallavarapu, S RameshAbstract:A field experiment conducted for 2 consecutive years in a semi-arid tropical region of South India investi- gated the influence of yellowing and crinkling disease, caused by leaf-sucking insects, on the yield and composition of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (citronella cv. Java 2). Infected leaves exhibited yellow specks or blotches which in later stages developed into yellow streaks running along the length of the leaves. Emerging young leaves were pale green or yellow coloured, twisted, crinkled and developed into whip-like structures. Severely diseased plants died. The yellowing and crinkling disease decreased biomass yield in the first and second years of harvesting by 62.8% and 82.7%, respectively. The corresponding decreases in essential oil yield per plant were 62.8% and 79.0%. The essential oil exam- ined by GC and GC-MS from cultivated healthy plants contained citronellal (28.4%), geraniol (24.8%), Citronellol (11.8%) and elemol (10.2%). The major components from diseased plants were geraniol (19.0-25.5%), elemol (15.3-20.4%), citronellal (13.4-19.1%) and Citronellol (12.9-15.1%). Caryophyllene oxide (3.5-6.0%) was an important minor com- ponent. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. fore, in the present study, the variations in biomass yield, essential oil yield and essential oil composition of citronella affected by yellowing and crinkling disease caused by leaf-sucking insects were investigated.
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Comminution of Plant Material and Its Effect on the Quality of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1999Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, S RameshAbstract:Abstract Comminuted (chopped into small pieces or churned into a semi-paste in a mixer-grinder) and uncomminuted shoot and leaf oils of rose-scented geranium were compared for their yield and composition. Leaves produced higher oil yields (0.28-0.38%) than shoots (0.15-0.24%). Leaf oil was richer in geraniol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, citronellyl and geranyl tiglates, while the shoot oil was richer in (Z)-3-hexenol, cis-rose oxide, isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl and geranyl formates. Chopped shoots (0.24%) and leaves (0.38%) produced greater oil yields than uncomminuted shoots (0.15%) and leaves (0.30%). Comminuted shoot oils recorded lesser amounts of isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl/geranyl formates, some minor compounds; higher percentages of geranial, citronellyl acetate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and citronellyl/geranyl tiglates than uncomminuted shoot oil. Comminuted leaf oils were richer in linalool, some minor constituents, but poorer in geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and some minor com...
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Aberrations in the Composition of the Herb Oil of Rose-scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species)
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1998Co-Authors: Pran N. Kaul, Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R MallavarapuAbstract:Abstract Herb oils of rose-scented geranium cv. Bourbon distilled during summer (May) contained abnormally high concentrations of menthone (38.6%, 47.2%) or 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (22.0%) or Citronellol (36.3%) in comparison to the oil produced during winter (Citronellol 25.4%, geraniol 23.5%). Significant differences were observed among these oils for other components (linalool, isomenthone, geraniol, citronellyl formate and geranyl formate) also.
Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Co-distillation with Weed Biomass on Yield and Chemical Composition of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2005Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, Kamla Singh, S RameshAbstract:Abstract A laboratory experiment was performed to study the influence of distilling rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium species) biomass together with different proportions (0, 5, 10, 15 and 30% by weight of rose-scented geranium biomass) of biomass of weed species growing in rose-scented geranium fields, on the yields % and compositions of oils of cultivars Algerian, Bourbon and Kelkar. Crop:weed mixtures reduced oil yields of all the three cultivars in comparison to control (pure crop biomass). Combined distillation of biomass of cv. Algerian with weed biomass decreased the concentrations of linalool, geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γeudesmol and increased the contents of isomenthone, Citronellol and citronellyl formate in its oil. This distillation method resulted in enhancements in isomenthone, Citronellol and reductions in geraniol and geranyl formate in the oil of cv. Bourbon. In cv. Kelkar, the percentages of linalool and isomenthone increased, but that of Citronellol and geraniol decreased in cro...
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Antifungal Activity of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Essential Oil and its Six Constituents
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2005Co-Authors: Chandi C. Rath, Sweta Dash, Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara RaoAbstract:Abstract Rose scented Geranium (Pelargonium species) leaf oil and six of its major constituents namely Citronellol, linalool, geraniol, isomenthone, geranyl formate and citronellyl formate showed fungicidal properties against Candida albicans and Crytococcus neoformans, causing common fungal infections like candidiasis and cryptococosis in human beings. In terms of antifungal activity, Citronellol was the most effective followed by geraniol, isomenthone, geranyl formate and citronellyl formate. The activity of pure oil seemed to differ from the constituents. The effect was observed both at 28 and 40C indicating temperature independent activity. Probably the antifungal activity is mediated through some mechanism other than membrane disruption and inhibition of cell division. The fungicidal activity was compared well with the standard antifungal drugs. Citronellol isolated from rose-scented geranium oil, therefore, holds promise for pharmaceutical uses.
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Comminution of Plant Material and Its Effect on the Quality of Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species) Oil
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1999Co-Authors: Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R Mallavarapu, Pran N. Kaul, S RameshAbstract:Abstract Comminuted (chopped into small pieces or churned into a semi-paste in a mixer-grinder) and uncomminuted shoot and leaf oils of rose-scented geranium were compared for their yield and composition. Leaves produced higher oil yields (0.28-0.38%) than shoots (0.15-0.24%). Leaf oil was richer in geraniol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, citronellyl and geranyl tiglates, while the shoot oil was richer in (Z)-3-hexenol, cis-rose oxide, isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl and geranyl formates. Chopped shoots (0.24%) and leaves (0.38%) produced greater oil yields than uncomminuted shoots (0.15%) and leaves (0.30%). Comminuted shoot oils recorded lesser amounts of isomenthone, Citronellol, citronellyl/geranyl formates, some minor compounds; higher percentages of geranial, citronellyl acetate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and citronellyl/geranyl tiglates than uncomminuted shoot oil. Comminuted leaf oils were richer in linalool, some minor constituents, but poorer in geraniol, geranyl formate, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol and some minor com...
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Aberrations in the Composition of the Herb Oil of Rose-scented Geranium (Pelargonium Species)
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1998Co-Authors: Pran N. Kaul, Bhaskaruni R. Rajeswara Rao, Gopal R MallavarapuAbstract:Abstract Herb oils of rose-scented geranium cv. Bourbon distilled during summer (May) contained abnormally high concentrations of menthone (38.6%, 47.2%) or 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (22.0%) or Citronellol (36.3%) in comparison to the oil produced during winter (Citronellol 25.4%, geraniol 23.5%). Significant differences were observed among these oils for other components (linalool, isomenthone, geraniol, citronellyl formate and geranyl formate) also.
Justin O. Schmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Repellency of the Components of the Essential Oil, Citronella, to Triatoma rubida , Triatoma protracta , and Triatoma recurva (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)
Journal of medical entomology, 2015Co-Authors: D. Zamora, Stephen A. Klotz, Edward A. Meister, Justin O. SchmidtAbstract:The kissing bugs--Triatoma rubida (Uhler), Triatoma protracta (Uhler), and Triatoma recurva (Stal)--are common hematophagous bugs in southeastern Arizona and responsible for severe allergic reactions in some individuals who are bitten. They also possess the potential to transmit the blood parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi. We previously found the essential oil, citronella, to be an excellent deterrent of feeding of T. rubida on a restrained mouse. In this work, we tested major components--alcohols, aldehydes, and monoterpenes--of citronella oil for repellency against the three common triatome species endemic in southern Arizona. The following citronella oil components--geraniol, Citronellol, limonene, and citronellal--in different concentrations and combinations were tested. All components of citronella oil demonstrated some inhibition of feeding, ranging from very weak inhibition (limonene) to significant inhibition (geraniol and Citronellol). A mixture of geraniol and Citronellol was found to be repellant at concentrations of .165 and .165 vol%, respectively, for all three triatome species. Citronellal and limonene had no significant repellent activity. The repellent activity of citronella oil appears to be acting through direct contact with the bugs rather than diffusion of vapors.
Edenilson Dos Santos Niculau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chemical profile and use of the peat as an adsorbent for extraction of volatile compounds from leaves of geranium pelargonium graveolens l herit
Molecules, 2020Co-Authors: Edenilson Dos Santos Niculau, Pericles Barreto Alves, Paulo Cesar De Lima Nogueira, Luciane P C Romao, Graziele Da Costa Cunha, Arie Fitzgerald Blank, Anderson De Carvalho SilvaAbstract:Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from leaves of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’ Herit) were extracted by dynamic headspace using Porapak Q (HSD-P) as adsorbent and peat, a novel adsorbent in the extraction of plant volatiles, analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization (GC/FID), and the results were compared with those obtained by hydrodistillation (HD). The yield volatiles changed with the extraction method. HD was more efficient for extracting linalool (11.19%) and citronellyl formate (9.41%). Citronellol (28.06%), geraniol (38.26%) and 6,9-guaiadiene (9.55%) and geranyl tiglate (8.21%) were the major components identified by dynamic headspace using peat (HSD-T), while Citronellol (16.88%), geraniol (13.63%), 6,9-guaiadiene (16.98%) and citronellyl formate (6.95%) were identified by dynamic headspace using Porapak Q (HSD-P). Furthermore, this work showed, for the first time, that in natura peat is useful to extract VOCs from leaves of geranium.