The Experts below are selected from a list of 164967 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Suniya S Luthar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
when mothers and fathers are seen as disproportionately valuing achievements implications for adjustment among upper middle Class youth
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2017Co-Authors: Alexandria S Curlee, Lucia Ciciolla, Jason Karageorge, Suniya S LutharAbstract:High achievement expectations and academic pressure from parents have been implicated in rising levels of stress and reduced well-being among adolescents. In this study of affluent, middle school youth, we examined how perceptions of parents' emphases on achievement (relative to prosocial behavior) influenced youth's psychological adjustment and school performance, and examined perceived parental criticism as a possible moderator of this association. The data were collected from 506 (50 % female) middle school students from a predominately white, upper middle Class Community. Students reported their perceptions of parents' values by rank ordering a list of achievement- and prosocial-oriented goals based on what they believed was most valued by their mothers and fathers for them (the child) to achieve. The data also included students' reports of perceived parental criticism, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and self-esteem, as well as school-based data on grade point average and teacher-reported Classroom behavior. Person-based analyses revealed six distinct latent Classes based on perceptions of both mother and father emphases on achievement. Class comparisons showed a consistent pattern of healthier child functioning, including higher school performance, higher self-esteem, and lower psychological symptoms, in association with low to neutral parental achievement emphasis, whereas poorer child functioning was associated with high parental achievement emphasis. In variable-based analyses, interaction effects showed elevated maladjustment when high maternal achievement emphasis coexisted with high (but not low) perceived parental criticism. Results of the study suggest that to foster early adolescents' well-being in affluent school settings, parents focus on prioritizing intrinsic, prosocial values that promote affiliation and Community, at least as much as, or more than, they prioritize academic performance and external achievement; and strive to limit the amount of criticism and pressure they place on their children.
-
associations of adolescent cannabis use with academic performance and mental health a longitudinal study of upper middle Class youth
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2015Co-Authors: Madeline H Meier, Phillip J Small, Melanie L Hill, Suniya S LutharAbstract:BACKGROUND: There is a hypothesis that low socioeconomic status (SES) may explain the link between cannabis use and poorer academic performance and mental health. A key question, therefore, is whether adolescent cannabis use is associated with poorer academic performance and mental health in high SES communities where there is reduced potential for confounding. METHODS: Youth (n=254) from an upper middle Class Community were followed prospectively through the four years of high school (from age 14/15 to age 17/18). Past-year frequency of cannabis use was assessed annually. Official school records of academic performance and self-reported mental health symptoms (externalizing and internalizing symptoms) were assessed in grades 9 and 12. RESULTS: Persistent cannabis use across the four years of high school was associated with lower grade-point average (β=-0.18, p=.006), lower Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) score (β=-0.13, p=.038), and greater externalizing symptoms (β=0.29, pCONCLUSIONS: Low SES cannot fully explain associations between cannabis use and poorer academic performance and mental health. Language: en
Garrett M Fitzmaurice - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
long term impact of family arguments and physical violence on adult functioning at age 30 years findings from the simmons longitudinal study
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Angela D Paradis, Helen Z Reinherz, William R Beardslee, Rose M Giaconia, Kirsten Ward, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:Abstract Objective To prospectively examine the extent to which an increase in family arguments by age 15 years and the occurrence of family physical violence by age 18 years are related to deficits in key domains of adult functioning at age 30 years. Method The 346 participants were part of a single-age cohort from a predominately white working-Class Community whose psychosocial development has been traced since age 5 years. Family arguments and violence were assessed through self-reports during adolescence. Developmentally relevant areas of current adult functioning were measured by self-reports, structured diagnostic interviews, and clinical interviewer ratings. Results Both family arguments and physical violence were significantly related to compromised functioning across multiple areas of adult functioning. Although many associations were somewhat attenuated after controlling for sex, other early family adversities, and family history of disorder, most relations retained statistical significance. Both risk factors were linked with later mental health problems and deficits in psychological and occupational/career functioning. Family violence was also linked to poorer physical health at age 30 years. Conclusions Findings underscore the potential long-term impact of troubled family interactions and highlight the critical importance of early intervention programs for youths experiencing either verbal conflict or physical violence in the home.
-
adolescent suicidal ideation as predictive of psychopathology suicidal behavior and compromised functioning at age 30
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Helen Z Reinherz, Jennifer L Tanner, Sasha R Berger, William R Beardslee, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether suicidal ideation in a Community population of adolescents represents normative adolescent angst or is predictive of psychopathology, suicidal and problem behaviors, and compromised functioning 15 years after onset. Method: Participants were 346 largely Caucasian individuals who were part of a single-age cohort from a working Class Community and whose development had been traced prospectively from ages 5 to 30. Those with suicidal ideation at age 15 were compared to those without suicidal ideation at age 15 on measures of psychopathology, suicidal ideation and behavior, problem behaviors, and adult functioning at age 30. Gender differences were assessed across all domains. Results: At age 30, there were marked differences between adolescents with suicidal ideation and adolescents without suicidal ideation of both genders in most domains examined. Subjects with suicidal ideation were twice as likely to have an axis I disorder, nearly 12 times more likely to have attempted suicide by age 30, and 15 times more likely to have expressed suicidal thoughts in the past 4 years. Subjects with suicidal ideation had more problem behaviors and poorer overall functioning as assessed by multiple informants. Their self-perceptions of coping ability, self-esteem, and interpersonal relations were also lower. Although subjects with suicidal ideation among both genders had higher levels of psychopathology, suicidal ideation and behavior, and problem behaviors at age 30, male subjects with suicidal ideation had lower salaries and socioeconomic status and were less likely to have achieved residential independence. Conclusions: Findings underscore the importance of considering suicidal ideation in adolescence as a marker of severe distress and a predictor of compromised functioning, indicating the need for early identification and continued intervention.
-
childhood and adolescent predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2003Co-Authors: Helen Z Reinherz, Angela D Paradis, Rose M Giaconia, Cecilia K Stashwick, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The identification of predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood has direct application to prevention and intervention efforts designed to forestall depression in this high-risk period. The current study identified childhood and adolescent familial and behavioral-emotional factors predicting depression during this critical developmental stage. METHOD: The 354 participants were part of a single-age cohort from a predominately Caucasian working-Class Community whose psychosocial development has been traced prospectively since age 5. In these analyses, data collected during childhood and adolescence were related to diagnoses of major depression at ages 18–26. RESULTS: During the transition to adulthood, 82 participants (23.2%) experienced major depression. Bivariate indicators of later depression included a family history of depression or substance use disorders, family composition, and childhood family environments perceived as violent and lacking cohesiveness. Also significant...
Lucia Ciciolla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
when mothers and fathers are seen as disproportionately valuing achievements implications for adjustment among upper middle Class youth
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2017Co-Authors: Alexandria S Curlee, Lucia Ciciolla, Jason Karageorge, Suniya S LutharAbstract:High achievement expectations and academic pressure from parents have been implicated in rising levels of stress and reduced well-being among adolescents. In this study of affluent, middle school youth, we examined how perceptions of parents' emphases on achievement (relative to prosocial behavior) influenced youth's psychological adjustment and school performance, and examined perceived parental criticism as a possible moderator of this association. The data were collected from 506 (50 % female) middle school students from a predominately white, upper middle Class Community. Students reported their perceptions of parents' values by rank ordering a list of achievement- and prosocial-oriented goals based on what they believed was most valued by their mothers and fathers for them (the child) to achieve. The data also included students' reports of perceived parental criticism, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and self-esteem, as well as school-based data on grade point average and teacher-reported Classroom behavior. Person-based analyses revealed six distinct latent Classes based on perceptions of both mother and father emphases on achievement. Class comparisons showed a consistent pattern of healthier child functioning, including higher school performance, higher self-esteem, and lower psychological symptoms, in association with low to neutral parental achievement emphasis, whereas poorer child functioning was associated with high parental achievement emphasis. In variable-based analyses, interaction effects showed elevated maladjustment when high maternal achievement emphasis coexisted with high (but not low) perceived parental criticism. Results of the study suggest that to foster early adolescents' well-being in affluent school settings, parents focus on prioritizing intrinsic, prosocial values that promote affiliation and Community, at least as much as, or more than, they prioritize academic performance and external achievement; and strive to limit the amount of criticism and pressure they place on their children.
Helen Z Reinherz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
long term impact of family arguments and physical violence on adult functioning at age 30 years findings from the simmons longitudinal study
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Angela D Paradis, Helen Z Reinherz, William R Beardslee, Rose M Giaconia, Kirsten Ward, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:Abstract Objective To prospectively examine the extent to which an increase in family arguments by age 15 years and the occurrence of family physical violence by age 18 years are related to deficits in key domains of adult functioning at age 30 years. Method The 346 participants were part of a single-age cohort from a predominately white working-Class Community whose psychosocial development has been traced since age 5 years. Family arguments and violence were assessed through self-reports during adolescence. Developmentally relevant areas of current adult functioning were measured by self-reports, structured diagnostic interviews, and clinical interviewer ratings. Results Both family arguments and physical violence were significantly related to compromised functioning across multiple areas of adult functioning. Although many associations were somewhat attenuated after controlling for sex, other early family adversities, and family history of disorder, most relations retained statistical significance. Both risk factors were linked with later mental health problems and deficits in psychological and occupational/career functioning. Family violence was also linked to poorer physical health at age 30 years. Conclusions Findings underscore the potential long-term impact of troubled family interactions and highlight the critical importance of early intervention programs for youths experiencing either verbal conflict or physical violence in the home.
-
adolescent suicidal ideation as predictive of psychopathology suicidal behavior and compromised functioning at age 30
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Helen Z Reinherz, Jennifer L Tanner, Sasha R Berger, William R Beardslee, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether suicidal ideation in a Community population of adolescents represents normative adolescent angst or is predictive of psychopathology, suicidal and problem behaviors, and compromised functioning 15 years after onset. Method: Participants were 346 largely Caucasian individuals who were part of a single-age cohort from a working Class Community and whose development had been traced prospectively from ages 5 to 30. Those with suicidal ideation at age 15 were compared to those without suicidal ideation at age 15 on measures of psychopathology, suicidal ideation and behavior, problem behaviors, and adult functioning at age 30. Gender differences were assessed across all domains. Results: At age 30, there were marked differences between adolescents with suicidal ideation and adolescents without suicidal ideation of both genders in most domains examined. Subjects with suicidal ideation were twice as likely to have an axis I disorder, nearly 12 times more likely to have attempted suicide by age 30, and 15 times more likely to have expressed suicidal thoughts in the past 4 years. Subjects with suicidal ideation had more problem behaviors and poorer overall functioning as assessed by multiple informants. Their self-perceptions of coping ability, self-esteem, and interpersonal relations were also lower. Although subjects with suicidal ideation among both genders had higher levels of psychopathology, suicidal ideation and behavior, and problem behaviors at age 30, male subjects with suicidal ideation had lower salaries and socioeconomic status and were less likely to have achieved residential independence. Conclusions: Findings underscore the importance of considering suicidal ideation in adolescence as a marker of severe distress and a predictor of compromised functioning, indicating the need for early identification and continued intervention.
-
childhood and adolescent predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2003Co-Authors: Helen Z Reinherz, Angela D Paradis, Rose M Giaconia, Cecilia K Stashwick, Garrett M FitzmauriceAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The identification of predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood has direct application to prevention and intervention efforts designed to forestall depression in this high-risk period. The current study identified childhood and adolescent familial and behavioral-emotional factors predicting depression during this critical developmental stage. METHOD: The 354 participants were part of a single-age cohort from a predominately Caucasian working-Class Community whose psychosocial development has been traced prospectively since age 5. In these analyses, data collected during childhood and adolescence were related to diagnoses of major depression at ages 18–26. RESULTS: During the transition to adulthood, 82 participants (23.2%) experienced major depression. Bivariate indicators of later depression included a family history of depression or substance use disorders, family composition, and childhood family environments perceived as violent and lacking cohesiveness. Also significant...
Marianne Snow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
childhood geographies and spatial justice making sense of place and space making as political acts in education
American Educational Research Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Stephanie Jones, Jaye Johnson Thiel, Denise Davila, Elizabeth Pittard, James F Woglom, Xiaodi Zhou, Taryrn Brown, Marianne SnowAbstract:This post-qualitative research analyzes the spatialized practices of young people within a working-Class Community and how those guided the opening and facilitating of a local Community center. Seeing place-making as a social and political act, the authors were inspired by Heath’s Classic study and argument that children’s education might be better served if educators understood and built on their Community-based language practices. Writing through theories of new materialism, spatiality, and children’s geographies, we build an argument for spatial justice by considering the ways educational scholars and educators might understand and build on children’s Community-based spatial practices.