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I Nyoman Udayana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Verbal Clause Construction of Ciacia Language: Syntactic Typology Study
    e-Journal of Linguistics, 2019
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focus on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on five main problems, they are (1) How is the base construction of verbal Clause in CL? (2) How are the Predicate and structure argument constructions of verbal Clause in CL, (3) How are the simple Predicate and complex Predicate constructions of verbal Clause in CL? (4) How are valency and valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL? (5) How are complex sentence construction and  grammatical alliance system?. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained through the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verrified by the informants. The data was analyzed by apportion (distributional) method.             The investigation of Clause base construction shows that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (PS/A) that is affixed to PRED verb. Base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. Non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by intransitive base verb, mono transitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambi-transitive base verb. Predication and argument structure of verbal Clause construction in CL can be classified in to verbal Clause: (i) intransitive with one main argument in terms of SUBJ and as A or OBJ systematically; (ii) semi-transitive with one main argument as A/ACT and with the presence of OBJ argument optionally; (iii) mono-transitive with two main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT with one OBJ argument as UND, (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT before PRED and two arguments after PRED, in terms of OTL (indirect object) and  OL (direct object); and (v) ambi-transitive with one main argument, namely SUBJ, either as Sa or as So. Valency and transitivity of verbal Clause construction in CL consists of (i) valency and intransitive verb transitivity with one argument or verb with one valency; (ii) semi-transitive verb with one argument before verb and the presence of argument after Pred verb optionally; (iii) transitive with the obligatory of O presence after Pred verb, so it has two main arguments or verb that has two valency arguments, namely S and O; (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments or verb that has three valency arguments; (v) ambi-transitive with only one argument or verb that has one valency. Verbal Clause construction in CL can be filled by simple Pred verb and complex Pred verb. Simple Predicate is created by base verb/intransitive verb and non-verb category, semi-transitive verb, and transitive verb with PS/A. Complex Predicate is created through verb (i) intransitive; (ii) semi-transitive verb; and (iii) transitive integral verb. The valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL can be done through formal causativation and semantic causativation, applicative, and resultative.

  • Transitivity construction of verbal Clause in Ciacia language
    International Journal of Linguistics Literature and Culture, 2018
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Ni Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focuses on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of the local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on verbal Clause construction of CL. This construction covers several subject and aspect markers, intransitive and transitive verb, and argument as consequence of verb valencies in the Clause construction. The study used written and oral data. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained from the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verified by the informants. It was analyzed by using distributional and match methods with change and loss techniques. Based on the result of this study, it found that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (S/AM) that are affixed to PRED verb. The base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of the verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. The non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by an intransitive base verb, monotransitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambitransitive base verb. Those verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language always uses S/AM, either with affix or without affix. The roles of argument semantic in verbal Clause construction in CL are (i) the main argument acts as A/ACT, O/UND, benefactive (BEN), and thema and (ii) peripheral argument acts as benefactive (BEN), temporal (TEMP), and locative (LOC). Based on the semantic features, the verb in the intransitive Clause is classified based on verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as A/ACT and verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as O/UND. Semi-transitive verbal Clause construction in CL can be formed from (i) semi-transitive base verb with S/AM, (ii) intransitive integral verb which is formed from transitive base verbs and base nominal by using affix {pi-} with S/AM.  Construction of ditransitive verbal Clause in CL is filled by PRED verb in the form of monotransitive with affix BEN {-aso} and IO with features [+human/soul].

Norbert Fuhr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • CIKM - Learning probabilistic datalog rules for information classification and transformation
    Proceedings of the tenth international conference on Information and knowledge management - CIKM'01, 2001
    Co-Authors: Henrik Nottelmann, Norbert Fuhr
    Abstract:

    Probabilistic Datalog is a combination of classical Datalog (i.e., function-free Horn Clause Predicate logic) with probability theory. Therefore, probabilistic weights may be attached to both facts and rules. But it is often impossible to assign exact rule weights or even to construct the rules themselves. Instead of specifying them manually, learning algorithms can be used to learn both rules and weights. In practice, these algorithms are very slow because they need a large example set and have to test a high number of rules. We apply a number of extensions to these algorithms in order to improve efficiency. Several applications demonstrate the power of learning probabilistic Datalog rules, showing that learning rules is suitable for low dimensional problems (e.g., schema mapping) but inappropriate for higher dimensions like e.g. in text classification.

  • Probabilistic Datalog: implementing logical information retrieval for advanced applications
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Norbert Fuhr
    Abstract:

    In the logical approach to information retrieval (IR), retrieval is considered as uncertain inference. Whereas classical IR models are based on propositional logic, we combine Datalog (function-free Horn Clause Predicate logic) with probability theory. Therefore, probabilistic weights may be attached to both facts and rules. The underlying semantics extends the well-founded semantics of modularly stratified Datalog to a possible worlds semantics. By using default independence assumptions with explicit specification of disjoint events, the inference process always yields point probabilities. We describe an evaluation method and present an implementation. This approach allows for easy formulation of specific retrieval models for arbitrary applications, and classical probabilistic IR models can be implemented by specifying the appropriate rules. In comparison to other approaches, the possibility of recursive rules allows for more powerful inferences, and Predicate logic gives the expressiveness required for multimedia retrieval. Furthermore, probabilistic Datalog can be used as a query language for integrated information retrieval and database systems.

La Yani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Verbal Clause Construction of Ciacia Language: Syntactic Typology Study
    e-Journal of Linguistics, 2019
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focus on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on five main problems, they are (1) How is the base construction of verbal Clause in CL? (2) How are the Predicate and structure argument constructions of verbal Clause in CL, (3) How are the simple Predicate and complex Predicate constructions of verbal Clause in CL? (4) How are valency and valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL? (5) How are complex sentence construction and  grammatical alliance system?. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained through the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verrified by the informants. The data was analyzed by apportion (distributional) method.             The investigation of Clause base construction shows that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (PS/A) that is affixed to PRED verb. Base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. Non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by intransitive base verb, mono transitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambi-transitive base verb. Predication and argument structure of verbal Clause construction in CL can be classified in to verbal Clause: (i) intransitive with one main argument in terms of SUBJ and as A or OBJ systematically; (ii) semi-transitive with one main argument as A/ACT and with the presence of OBJ argument optionally; (iii) mono-transitive with two main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT with one OBJ argument as UND, (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT before PRED and two arguments after PRED, in terms of OTL (indirect object) and  OL (direct object); and (v) ambi-transitive with one main argument, namely SUBJ, either as Sa or as So. Valency and transitivity of verbal Clause construction in CL consists of (i) valency and intransitive verb transitivity with one argument or verb with one valency; (ii) semi-transitive verb with one argument before verb and the presence of argument after Pred verb optionally; (iii) transitive with the obligatory of O presence after Pred verb, so it has two main arguments or verb that has two valency arguments, namely S and O; (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments or verb that has three valency arguments; (v) ambi-transitive with only one argument or verb that has one valency. Verbal Clause construction in CL can be filled by simple Pred verb and complex Pred verb. Simple Predicate is created by base verb/intransitive verb and non-verb category, semi-transitive verb, and transitive verb with PS/A. Complex Predicate is created through verb (i) intransitive; (ii) semi-transitive verb; and (iii) transitive integral verb. The valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL can be done through formal causativation and semantic causativation, applicative, and resultative.

  • Transitivity construction of verbal Clause in Ciacia language
    International Journal of Linguistics Literature and Culture, 2018
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Ni Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focuses on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of the local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on verbal Clause construction of CL. This construction covers several subject and aspect markers, intransitive and transitive verb, and argument as consequence of verb valencies in the Clause construction. The study used written and oral data. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained from the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verified by the informants. It was analyzed by using distributional and match methods with change and loss techniques. Based on the result of this study, it found that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (S/AM) that are affixed to PRED verb. The base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of the verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. The non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by an intransitive base verb, monotransitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambitransitive base verb. Those verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language always uses S/AM, either with affix or without affix. The roles of argument semantic in verbal Clause construction in CL are (i) the main argument acts as A/ACT, O/UND, benefactive (BEN), and thema and (ii) peripheral argument acts as benefactive (BEN), temporal (TEMP), and locative (LOC). Based on the semantic features, the verb in the intransitive Clause is classified based on verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as A/ACT and verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as O/UND. Semi-transitive verbal Clause construction in CL can be formed from (i) semi-transitive base verb with S/AM, (ii) intransitive integral verb which is formed from transitive base verbs and base nominal by using affix {pi-} with S/AM.  Construction of ditransitive verbal Clause in CL is filled by PRED verb in the form of monotransitive with affix BEN {-aso} and IO with features [+human/soul].

Kiki Nikiforidou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The construction of meaning in relative Clauses: Indeterminacy and constraints
    2007
    Co-Authors: Kiki Nikiforidou
    Abstract:

    Greek relative Clauses introduced by pu have been described as structurally determined constructions in which interpretation is precisely guided by the syntax of the Clause. In contrast to this oversimplified view, I show that pu relatives regularly underspecify the intended interpretation, incorporating instead a great deal of indeterminacy (in the sense of Langacker) in the way(s) the meaning of the head is integrated with the content of the relative Clause. The factors which influence the construction of meaning include the lexical (in frame semantic terms) and constructional properties of the head and the relative Clause Predicate, but extend further to completely pragmatic and context-specific motivations; in the latter case, the head and the overt constituents in the relative Clause function simply as clues for the final interpretation. The inherent indeterminacy of the relative construction can be captured in terms of conceptual integration theory, where the blended space may be shown to contain more structure than that in the input spaces and/or the alternate construals of a sentence may yield more than one blend. Finally I suggest that, while indeterminate, the interpretation of pu relatives is sensitive to constraints deriving from the prototypical meaning of restrictive relatives and from conceptual structure as such.

  • The construction of meaning in relative Clauses
    2007
    Co-Authors: Kiki Nikiforidou
    Abstract:

    Greek relative Clauses introduced by pu have been described as structurally determined constructions in which interpretation is precisely guided by the syntax of the Clause. In contrast to this oversimplified view, I show that pu relatives regularly underspecify the intended interpretation, incorporating instead a great deal of indeterminacy (in the sense of Langacker) in the way(s) the meaning of the head is integrated with the content of the relative Clause. The factors which influence the construction of meaning include the lexical (in frame semantic terms) and constructional properties of the head and the relative Clause Predicate, but extend further to completely pragmatic and context-specific motivations; in the latter case, the head and the overt constituents in the relative Clause function simply as clues for the final interpretation. The inherent indeterminacy of the relative construction can be captured in terms of conceptual integration theory, where the blended space may be shown to contain more structure than that in the input spaces and/or the alternate construals of a sentence may yield more than one blend. Finally I suggest that, while indeterminate, the interpretation of pu relatives is sensitive to constraints deriving from the prototypical meaning of restrictive relatives and from conceptual structure as such.

Ketut Artawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Verbal Clause Construction of Ciacia Language: Syntactic Typology Study
    e-Journal of Linguistics, 2019
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focus on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on five main problems, they are (1) How is the base construction of verbal Clause in CL? (2) How are the Predicate and structure argument constructions of verbal Clause in CL, (3) How are the simple Predicate and complex Predicate constructions of verbal Clause in CL? (4) How are valency and valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL? (5) How are complex sentence construction and  grammatical alliance system?. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained through the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verrified by the informants. The data was analyzed by apportion (distributional) method.             The investigation of Clause base construction shows that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (PS/A) that is affixed to PRED verb. Base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. Non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by intransitive base verb, mono transitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambi-transitive base verb. Predication and argument structure of verbal Clause construction in CL can be classified in to verbal Clause: (i) intransitive with one main argument in terms of SUBJ and as A or OBJ systematically; (ii) semi-transitive with one main argument as A/ACT and with the presence of OBJ argument optionally; (iii) mono-transitive with two main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT with one OBJ argument as UND, (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments, namely SUBJ as A/ACT before PRED and two arguments after PRED, in terms of OTL (indirect object) and  OL (direct object); and (v) ambi-transitive with one main argument, namely SUBJ, either as Sa or as So. Valency and transitivity of verbal Clause construction in CL consists of (i) valency and intransitive verb transitivity with one argument or verb with one valency; (ii) semi-transitive verb with one argument before verb and the presence of argument after Pred verb optionally; (iii) transitive with the obligatory of O presence after Pred verb, so it has two main arguments or verb that has two valency arguments, namely S and O; (iv) ditransitive with three main arguments or verb that has three valency arguments; (v) ambi-transitive with only one argument or verb that has one valency. Verbal Clause construction in CL can be filled by simple Pred verb and complex Pred verb. Simple Predicate is created by base verb/intransitive verb and non-verb category, semi-transitive verb, and transitive verb with PS/A. Complex Predicate is created through verb (i) intransitive; (ii) semi-transitive verb; and (iii) transitive integral verb. The valency change mechanism of verbal Clause construction in CL can be done through formal causativation and semantic causativation, applicative, and resultative.

  • Transitivity construction of verbal Clause in Ciacia language
    International Journal of Linguistics Literature and Culture, 2018
    Co-Authors: La Yani, Ketut Artawa, Ni Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Udayana
    Abstract:

    Typology study of Ciacia language (CL) in various linguistic aspects has not been conducted yet. It is the first study that focuses on syntactic typology. Ciacia language is one of the local languages in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study focuses on verbal Clause construction of CL. This construction covers several subject and aspect markers, intransitive and transitive verb, and argument as consequence of verb valencies in the Clause construction. The study used written and oral data. The oral data of this study is obtained through recording and elicitation techniques. Written data is obtained from the previous studies. The study also used synthetic data which is verified by the informants. It was analyzed by using distributional and match methods with change and loss techniques. Based on the result of this study, it found that verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language is always filled by subject and aspect markers (S/AM) that are affixed to PRED verb. The base structure of verbal Clause in CL consists of the verbal Predicated Clause and non-verbal Predicated Clause. The non-verbal Predicated Clause can be constructed through base nominal and adjective categories. Verbal Clause Predicate can be filled by an intransitive base verb, monotransitive base verb, ditransitive base verb, and ambitransitive base verb. Those verbal Clause construction of Ciacia language always uses S/AM, either with affix or without affix. The roles of argument semantic in verbal Clause construction in CL are (i) the main argument acts as A/ACT, O/UND, benefactive (BEN), and thema and (ii) peripheral argument acts as benefactive (BEN), temporal (TEMP), and locative (LOC). Based on the semantic features, the verb in the intransitive Clause is classified based on verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as A/ACT and verbal Clause with argument SUBJ as O/UND. Semi-transitive verbal Clause construction in CL can be formed from (i) semi-transitive base verb with S/AM, (ii) intransitive integral verb which is formed from transitive base verbs and base nominal by using affix {pi-} with S/AM.  Construction of ditransitive verbal Clause in CL is filled by PRED verb in the form of monotransitive with affix BEN {-aso} and IO with features [+human/soul].