The Experts below are selected from a list of 10926 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ray T. Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyimide-based guided-wave multigigabit per second optical Clock Signal distribution system for Cray T-90 supercomputer
Photopolymer Device Physics Chemistry and Applications IV, 1998Co-Authors: Hongfa Luan, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Bruce R. PecorAbstract:We report the formation of polyimide-based H-tree waveguides for a multi-GBit/sec optical Clock Signal distribution in a Si CMOS process compatible environment. Such a Clock distribution system is to replace the existing electronic counterpart associated with high-speed supercomputers such as Cray T-90 machine. A waveguide propagation loss of 0.21 dB/cm at 850 nm was experimentally confirmed for the 1-to-48 waveguide fanout device. The planarization requirement of the optical interconnection layer among many electrical interconnection layers makes the employment of tilted grating a choice of desire. Theoretical calculation predicts the 1-to-1 free-space to waveguide coupling with an efficiency as high as 95 percent. Currently, a coupling efficiency of 35 percent was experimentally confirmed due to the limited index difference between guiding and cladding layers. Further experiments aimed at structuring a larger guiding/cladding layer index differences are under investigation. To effectively couple an optical Signal into the waveguide through the tilted grating coupler, the accuracy of the wavelength employed is pivotal. This makes the usage of the vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and VCSEL arrays the best choice when compared with edge-emitting lasers. Modulation bandwidth as high as 6 GHz was demonstrated at 850 nm. Such a wavelength is compatible with Si-based photodetectors.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution using Si CMOS-compatible polyimide-based 1- to 48-fanout H-tree
Proceedings of SPIE, 1998Co-Authors: Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Suning TangAbstract:Si-CMOS compatible polymer-based waveguides for optoelectronic interconnects and packaging have been fabricated and characterized. A 1-to-48 fanout optoelectronic interconnection layer (OIL) structure based on Ultradel 9120/9020 for the high-speed massive Clock Signal distribution for a Cray T-90 supercomputer board has been constructed. The OIL employs multimode polymeric channel waveguides in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide output coupler and 1-to-2 splitter. A total insertion loss of 7.98 dB at 850 nm was measured experimentally.
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Performance consideration of three-dimensional optoelectronic interconnection for intra-multichip-module Clock Signal distribution.
Applied Optics, 1997Co-Authors: Chunhe Zhao, Ray T. ChenAbstract:The structure, fabrication, and theory of a three-dimensional planarized optoelectronic Clock Signal distribution device, based on a thin light-guiding substrate in conjunction with a two-dimensional polymer holographic grating array, are described. We have demonstrated previously a 25-GHz 1-to-42 (6 × 7) highly parallel fan-out interconnect with a Signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB. We present theoretical research that focuses on generating a globally uniform fan-out distribution. An objective function aimed at equalizing the intensities among the fan-out beams is established. For an arbitrary M × N fan-out distribution, there are M + N + 1 sets of holograms needed to be recorded independently to provide the required equal fan-outs. The efficiency of each hologram is determined precisely. The angular misalignment, wavelength dispersion, and spot-size problems are discussed further, together with their tolerance requirements on the size of the photoreceivers integrated on the multichip modules. Employment of 0.25-pitch gradient index (GRIN) lenses as a collimator and as a focusing element is demonstrated experimentally. Optical beam profile manipulation and packaging tolerance are enhanced greatly with GRIN lenses. Finally, Clock skew problems associated with the proposed system are discussed, and schemes to minimize the skew are proposed.
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Polymer waveguide-based high-speed Clock Signal distribution system
Optoelectronic Interconnects and Packaging IV, 1997Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:The increasing demand for Clock speed is rapidly exhausting capabilities of interconnection techniques currently employed for high performance supercomputers. In order to address the bottleneck problem at the board level, we have taken a system's approach in developing optoelectronic interconnection layer for board-level high speed optical Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer optical channel waveguides, waveguide Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer based optical channel waveguides, waveguide splitters, and surface-normal waveguide couplers. This paper describes the system architecture, material choice, and fabrication process of board-level waveguides devices to achieve a synchronous global Clock Signal distribution.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution based on guided-wave optical interconnects in conjunction with waveguide holograms
Proceedings of SPIE, 1996Co-Authors: Ray T. Chen, Ting Li, Suning Tang, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Randy W. WickmanAbstract:In this paper, we represent our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Cray supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and 3 dB waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. 1-GHz clear optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Feiming Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polymer waveguide-based high-speed Clock Signal distribution system
Optoelectronic Interconnects and Packaging IV, 1997Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:The increasing demand for Clock speed is rapidly exhausting capabilities of interconnection techniques currently employed for high performance supercomputers. In order to address the bottleneck problem at the board level, we have taken a system's approach in developing optoelectronic interconnection layer for board-level high speed optical Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer optical channel waveguides, waveguide Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer based optical channel waveguides, waveguide splitters, and surface-normal waveguide couplers. This paper describes the system architecture, material choice, and fabrication process of board-level waveguides devices to achieve a synchronous global Clock Signal distribution.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution based on guided-wave optical interconnects in conjunction with waveguide holograms
Proceedings of SPIE, 1996Co-Authors: Ray T. Chen, Ting Li, Suning Tang, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Randy W. WickmanAbstract:In this paper, we represent our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Cray supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and 3 dB waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. 1-GHz clear optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Polymer waveguide-based 1-GHz Clock Signal distribution system
Optical Characterization Techniques for High-Performance Microelectronic Device Manufacturing III, 1996Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:We present our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for Cray supercomputer board for board-level fast optical Clock Signal distribution. The optical interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3-D multiple alignments are significantly reduced through the parallelism among the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. One-GHz optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate multimode optical channel waveguides and 2-D array of surface-normal waveguide holographic gratings on board- level are also presented.
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1-GHz Clock Signal distribution for multi-processor super computers
Proceedings of Massively Parallel Processing Using Optical Interconnections, 1996Co-Authors: Suning Tanp, Ting Li, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, M. Dubinovsky, R. Wickman, R.t. ChenAbstract:In this paper, we present our efforts to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Gray T-90 supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and cascaded 3 dB 1-to-2 waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide grating couplers. The planarization requirement for the optical interconnection layer required by multi-layer integration is fulfilled. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the complicated 3-D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planarized device feature. An 1-GHz optical Clock Signal operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m was transmitted through a 45 cm long polymer-based channel waveguide. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.
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Si-based surface-relief polygonal gratings for 1-to-many wafer scale optical Clock Signal distribution
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1996Co-Authors: R.t. Chen, Feiming Li, M. Dubinovsky, O. ErshovAbstract:In contrast to volume holographic material where 1-to-many fanouts are realized using multiplexed volume holograms, we report in this paper the first Si-based surface-relief polygonal gratings aiming at optical Clock Signal distribution application. Surface-relief gratings with 1-μm period (0.5 μm feature size) were fabricated using reactive ion beam etching (RIE). Both hexagonal and square gratings were demonstrated for 1-to-4 and 1-to-6 fanouts. Surface-normal input and output coupling schemes were carried out with an combined coupling efficiency of 65%. Employment of substrate modes in silicon greatly releases the required grating spacing for the demonstrated two-way surface-normal coupling. 7.5 GHz 1-to-4 Clock Signal distribution operating at 1.3 μm was demonstrated with a Signal-to-noise ratio as high as 60 dB. The intensity fluctuation among fanout beams was measured to be within 1 dB. Generalization of 1-to-many fanout can be realized by implementing a polygonal grating with an equivalent number of facets.
R.t. Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Si CMOS process compatible guided-wave multi-GBit/sec optical Clock Signal distribution system for Cray T-90 supercomputer
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Massively Parallel Processing Using Optical Interconnections, 1997Co-Authors: R.t. Chen, M. Dubinovsky, R. Wickman, L. Wu, F. Li, S. Tang, J. Qi, C.l. Schow, J.c. Campbell, B. PicorAbstract:We report the formation of polyimide-based H-tree waveguides for a multi-GBit/sec optical Clock Signal distribution in a Si CMOS process compatible environment. Such a Clock distribution system is to replace the existing electronic counterpart associated with high-speed supercomputers such as Cray T-90 machine. A waveguide propagation loss of 0.21 dB/cm at 850 nm was experimentally confirmed for the 1-to-48 waveguide fanout device. 1-to-2 splitting loss and bending loss were measured to be 0.25 dB and higher. The planarization requirement of the optical interconnection layer among many electrical interconnection layers makes the employment of tilted grating a choice of desire. Theoretical calculation predicts the 1-to-1 free-space to waveguide coupling with an efficiency as high as 95%. Currently, a coupling efficiency of 35% was experimentally confirmed due to the limited index difference between guiding and cladding layers. Further experiments aimed at structuring a larger guiding/cladding layer index differences are under investigation. To effectively couple an optical Signal into the waveguide through the tilted grating coupler, the accuracy of the wavelength employed is pivotal. This makes the usage of the vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and VCSEL arrays the best choice when compared with edge-emitting lasers. Modulation bandwidth as high as 6 GHz was demonstrated at 850 nm. Such a wavelength is compatible with Si-based photodetectors.
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1-GHz Clock Signal distribution for multi-processor super computers
Proceedings of Massively Parallel Processing Using Optical Interconnections, 1996Co-Authors: Suning Tanp, Ting Li, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, M. Dubinovsky, R. Wickman, R.t. ChenAbstract:In this paper, we present our efforts to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Gray T-90 supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and cascaded 3 dB 1-to-2 waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide grating couplers. The planarization requirement for the optical interconnection layer required by multi-layer integration is fulfilled. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the complicated 3-D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planarized device feature. An 1-GHz optical Clock Signal operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m was transmitted through a 45 cm long polymer-based channel waveguide. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.
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Si-based surface-relief polygonal gratings for 1-to-many wafer scale optical Clock Signal distribution
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1996Co-Authors: R.t. Chen, Feiming Li, M. Dubinovsky, O. ErshovAbstract:In contrast to volume holographic material where 1-to-many fanouts are realized using multiplexed volume holograms, we report in this paper the first Si-based surface-relief polygonal gratings aiming at optical Clock Signal distribution application. Surface-relief gratings with 1-μm period (0.5 μm feature size) were fabricated using reactive ion beam etching (RIE). Both hexagonal and square gratings were demonstrated for 1-to-4 and 1-to-6 fanouts. Surface-normal input and output coupling schemes were carried out with an combined coupling efficiency of 65%. Employment of substrate modes in silicon greatly releases the required grating spacing for the demonstrated two-way surface-normal coupling. 7.5 GHz 1-to-4 Clock Signal distribution operating at 1.3 μm was demonstrated with a Signal-to-noise ratio as high as 60 dB. The intensity fluctuation among fanout beams was measured to be within 1 dB. Generalization of 1-to-many fanout can be realized by implementing a polygonal grating with an equivalent number of facets.
Linghui Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyimide-based guided-wave multigigabit per second optical Clock Signal distribution system for Cray T-90 supercomputer
Photopolymer Device Physics Chemistry and Applications IV, 1998Co-Authors: Hongfa Luan, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Bruce R. PecorAbstract:We report the formation of polyimide-based H-tree waveguides for a multi-GBit/sec optical Clock Signal distribution in a Si CMOS process compatible environment. Such a Clock distribution system is to replace the existing electronic counterpart associated with high-speed supercomputers such as Cray T-90 machine. A waveguide propagation loss of 0.21 dB/cm at 850 nm was experimentally confirmed for the 1-to-48 waveguide fanout device. The planarization requirement of the optical interconnection layer among many electrical interconnection layers makes the employment of tilted grating a choice of desire. Theoretical calculation predicts the 1-to-1 free-space to waveguide coupling with an efficiency as high as 95 percent. Currently, a coupling efficiency of 35 percent was experimentally confirmed due to the limited index difference between guiding and cladding layers. Further experiments aimed at structuring a larger guiding/cladding layer index differences are under investigation. To effectively couple an optical Signal into the waveguide through the tilted grating coupler, the accuracy of the wavelength employed is pivotal. This makes the usage of the vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and VCSEL arrays the best choice when compared with edge-emitting lasers. Modulation bandwidth as high as 6 GHz was demonstrated at 850 nm. Such a wavelength is compatible with Si-based photodetectors.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution using Si CMOS-compatible polyimide-based 1- to 48-fanout H-tree
Proceedings of SPIE, 1998Co-Authors: Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Suning TangAbstract:Si-CMOS compatible polymer-based waveguides for optoelectronic interconnects and packaging have been fabricated and characterized. A 1-to-48 fanout optoelectronic interconnection layer (OIL) structure based on Ultradel 9120/9020 for the high-speed massive Clock Signal distribution for a Cray T-90 supercomputer board has been constructed. The OIL employs multimode polymeric channel waveguides in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide output coupler and 1-to-2 splitter. A total insertion loss of 7.98 dB at 850 nm was measured experimentally.
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Polymer waveguide-based high-speed Clock Signal distribution system
Optoelectronic Interconnects and Packaging IV, 1997Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:The increasing demand for Clock speed is rapidly exhausting capabilities of interconnection techniques currently employed for high performance supercomputers. In order to address the bottleneck problem at the board level, we have taken a system's approach in developing optoelectronic interconnection layer for board-level high speed optical Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer optical channel waveguides, waveguide Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer based optical channel waveguides, waveguide splitters, and surface-normal waveguide couplers. This paper describes the system architecture, material choice, and fabrication process of board-level waveguides devices to achieve a synchronous global Clock Signal distribution.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution based on guided-wave optical interconnects in conjunction with waveguide holograms
Proceedings of SPIE, 1996Co-Authors: Ray T. Chen, Ting Li, Suning Tang, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Randy W. WickmanAbstract:In this paper, we represent our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Cray supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and 3 dB waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. 1-GHz clear optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Polymer waveguide-based 1-GHz Clock Signal distribution system
Optical Characterization Techniques for High-Performance Microelectronic Device Manufacturing III, 1996Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:We present our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for Cray supercomputer board for board-level fast optical Clock Signal distribution. The optical interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3-D multiple alignments are significantly reduced through the parallelism among the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. One-GHz optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate multimode optical channel waveguides and 2-D array of surface-normal waveguide holographic gratings on board- level are also presented.
Suning Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polyimide-based guided-wave multigigabit per second optical Clock Signal distribution system for Cray T-90 supercomputer
Photopolymer Device Physics Chemistry and Applications IV, 1998Co-Authors: Hongfa Luan, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Bruce R. PecorAbstract:We report the formation of polyimide-based H-tree waveguides for a multi-GBit/sec optical Clock Signal distribution in a Si CMOS process compatible environment. Such a Clock distribution system is to replace the existing electronic counterpart associated with high-speed supercomputers such as Cray T-90 machine. A waveguide propagation loss of 0.21 dB/cm at 850 nm was experimentally confirmed for the 1-to-48 waveguide fanout device. The planarization requirement of the optical interconnection layer among many electrical interconnection layers makes the employment of tilted grating a choice of desire. Theoretical calculation predicts the 1-to-1 free-space to waveguide coupling with an efficiency as high as 95 percent. Currently, a coupling efficiency of 35 percent was experimentally confirmed due to the limited index difference between guiding and cladding layers. Further experiments aimed at structuring a larger guiding/cladding layer index differences are under investigation. To effectively couple an optical Signal into the waveguide through the tilted grating coupler, the accuracy of the wavelength employed is pivotal. This makes the usage of the vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and VCSEL arrays the best choice when compared with edge-emitting lasers. Modulation bandwidth as high as 6 GHz was demonstrated at 850 nm. Such a wavelength is compatible with Si-based photodetectors.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution using Si CMOS-compatible polyimide-based 1- to 48-fanout H-tree
Proceedings of SPIE, 1998Co-Authors: Linghui Wu, Ray T. Chen, Bipin Bihari, Suning TangAbstract:Si-CMOS compatible polymer-based waveguides for optoelectronic interconnects and packaging have been fabricated and characterized. A 1-to-48 fanout optoelectronic interconnection layer (OIL) structure based on Ultradel 9120/9020 for the high-speed massive Clock Signal distribution for a Cray T-90 supercomputer board has been constructed. The OIL employs multimode polymeric channel waveguides in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide output coupler and 1-to-2 splitter. A total insertion loss of 7.98 dB at 850 nm was measured experimentally.
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Polymer waveguide-based high-speed Clock Signal distribution system
Optoelectronic Interconnects and Packaging IV, 1997Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:The increasing demand for Clock speed is rapidly exhausting capabilities of interconnection techniques currently employed for high performance supercomputers. In order to address the bottleneck problem at the board level, we have taken a system's approach in developing optoelectronic interconnection layer for board-level high speed optical Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer optical channel waveguides, waveguide Clock Signal distribution. The reported approach employs polymer based optical channel waveguides, waveguide splitters, and surface-normal waveguide couplers. This paper describes the system architecture, material choice, and fabrication process of board-level waveguides devices to achieve a synchronous global Clock Signal distribution.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Board-level optical Clock Signal distribution based on guided-wave optical interconnects in conjunction with waveguide holograms
Proceedings of SPIE, 1996Co-Authors: Ray T. Chen, Ting Li, Suning Tang, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Randy W. WickmanAbstract:In this paper, we represent our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for high-speed optical Clock Signal distribution in a Cray supercomputer board. The optoelectronic interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides and 3 dB waveguide splitters in conjunction with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3D multiple alignments are significantly reduced by the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. 1-GHz clear optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate large-area optical channel waveguides and surface-normal waveguide grating couplers are also presented.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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Polymer waveguide-based 1-GHz Clock Signal distribution system
Optical Characterization Techniques for High-Performance Microelectronic Device Manufacturing III, 1996Co-Authors: Ting Li, Suning Tang, Randy W. Wickman, Linghui Wu, Feiming Li, Michael Dubinovsky, Ray T. ChenAbstract:We present our effort to construct an optoelectronic interconnection layer for Cray supercomputer board for board-level fast optical Clock Signal distribution. The optical interconnection layer under investigation employs optical channel waveguides with surface-normal waveguide couplers. The difficulties associated with the complicated 3-D multiple alignments are significantly reduced through the parallelism among the surface-normal fanout beams and the unique planar device feature. One-GHz optical Clock Signal is demonstrated experimentally with a guided-wave interconnection length of 45 cm. Some new techniques to fabricate multimode optical channel waveguides and 2-D array of surface-normal waveguide holographic gratings on board- level are also presented.