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Ryan Plummer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the adaptive co management process an initial synthesis of representative models and influential variables
Ecology and Society, 2009Co-Authors: Ryan PlummerAbstract:Collaborative and adaptive approaches to environmental management have captured the attention of administrators, resource users, and scholars. Adaptive Co-Management builds upon these approaches to create a novel governance strategy. This paper investigates the dynamics of the adaptive Co-Management process and the variables that influence it. The investigation begins by summarizing analytical and causal models relevant to the adaptive Co-Management process. Variables that influence this process are then synthesized from diverse literatures, categorized as being exogenous or endogenous, and developed into respective analytical frameworks. In identifying commonalities among models of the adaptive Co-Management process and discerning influential variables, this paper provides initial insights into understanding the dynamic social process of adaptive Co-Management. From these insights conjectures for future inquires are offered in the conclusion.
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Adaptive Co-Management for social-ecological complexity
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2009Co-Authors: Derek R. Armitage, Robert I. Arthur, Alan P. Diduck, Nancy C. Doubleday, Derek S. Johnson, Anthony T. Charles, Iain J. Davidson-hunt, Fikret Berkes, Ryan Plummer, Melissa MarschkeAbstract:Building trust through collaboration, institutional development, and social learning enhances efforts to foster ecosystem management and resolve multi-scale society–environment dilemmas. One emerging approach aimed at addressing these dilemmas is adaptive Co-Management. This method draws explicit attention to the learning (experiential and experimental) and collaboration (vertical and horizontal) functions necessary to improve our understanding of, and ability to respond to, complex social–ecological systems. Here, we identify and outline the core features of adaptive Co-Management, which include innovative institutional arrangements and incentives across spatiotemporal scales and levels, learning through complexity and change, monitoring and assessment of interventions, the role of power, and opportunities to link science with policy.
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exploring co management theory prospects for sociobiology and reciprocal altruism
Journal of Environmental Management, 2007Co-Authors: Ryan Plummer, David A FennellAbstract:Co-Management has gained prominence due to the sustained interest in participatory forms of natural resource management. While theoretical development posed an initial challenge, it has become an integral part of the Co-Management literature. This paper comprehensively explores Co-Management theory. It begins with an investigation of theory itself. The major elements of theory (concepts, variables and relational propositions) are described and a typology of theoretical statements (formats) is conceptualized. Co-Management theory is subsequently charted according to the four schemes (modelling, propositional, analytical and meta-theoretical) which make up the typology. Given the maturing nature of the Co-Management literature and the absence of any meta-theoretical schemes, we examine the central and underlying assumption of co-operation through the science of sociobiology. Reciprocal altruism is pursued to explain why non-kin co-operate, and is adapted to elucidate the potentials and pitfalls of Co-Management. This meta-theory enriches understanding of Co-Management, provides guidance to the other theoretical schemes, and offers a foundational basis upon which construction of subtle predications is possible.
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a resilience based framework for evaluating adaptive co management linking ecology economics and society in a complex world
Ecological Economics, 2007Co-Authors: Ryan Plummer, Derek ArmitageAbstract:Abstract Adaptive Co-Management brings together collaborative and adaptive approaches in pursuit of sustainable resource use and social–ecological resilience. Enthusiasm for this management approach, however, is countered by recent critiques regarding outcomes. A lack of evidence from consistent evaluation of adaptive Co-Management further exacerbates this situation. This paper revisits the issue of evaluation in natural resource management and recasts it in light of complex adaptive systems thinking. An evaluative framework for adaptive Co-Management is developed which directs attention toward three broad components: ecosystem conditions, livelihood outcomes and process and institutional conditions. Scale-specific parameters are offered for each component to facilitate systematic learning from experience and encourage cross-site comparisons. Conclusions highlight the importance of systematically incorporating evaluation into the adaptive Co-Management process and recognize the challenge for resource agencies and researchers to shift from a conventional to a complex adaptive system perspective.
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people matter the importance of social capital in the co management of natural resources
Natural Resources Forum, 2006Co-Authors: Ryan Plummer, John FitzgibbonAbstract:Co-Management involves the shared administration of natural resources by two or more parties. This study examines the role of social capital in the process of developing Co-Management in three river corridors in Canada. Qualitative analysis reveals that social capital acts as a catalyst helping groups to progress through the stages of the Co-Management process. Forms of social capital (bridging and bonding) are identified that advance and/or inhibit the development of Co-Management. The article reaffirms the need to expand the institutional basis for natural resource management and provides empirical evidence that social capital plays a fundamental role in developing Co-Management. In conclusion, the article suggests that resource agencies need to recognize the value of social capital and the necessity for government representatives to be informed of and practiced in these skills, if they are to engage meaningfully with the civilian population.
Awdhesh Kumar Yadav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Larsen syndrome with C3-C4 spondyloptosis and atlantoaxial dislocation in an adult.
Spine, 2013Co-Authors: V R Roopesh Kumar, Venkatesh S. Madhguiri, Gopalakrishnan M Sasidharan, Sudheer Kumar Gundamaneni, Awdhesh Kumar YadavAbstract:STUDY DESIGN This is a clinical case report with a review of relevant literature. OBJECTIVE To describe a case of Larsen syndrome with C3-C4 spondyloptosis and atlantoaxial dislocation in a middle-aged female patient and to discuss management strategies. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Spondyloptosis of the cervical spine is relatively rare and is caused by trauma, destruction of the vertebral bodies by tumors, or tuberculosis. Such gross vertebral displacement is usually associated with significant neurological deficits. Larsen syndrome is characterized by multiple joint displacements and can, very rarely, be associated with nontraumatic spondyloptosis of the cervical vertebra. A single case report of C1-C2 joint laxity causing atlantoaxial dislocation in a patient with Larsen syndrome is available in literature. No reports of any patient (with Larsen syndrome or nonsyndromic) who had both cervical spondyloptosis and atlantoaxial dislocation are available in literature. METHODS A 36-year-old female presented with chronic neck pain, bilateral hand deformity, and mild spasticity involving all 4 limbs. Cervical radiograph, computed tomographic scan, and magnetic resonance image revealed C3-C4 spondyloptosis and atlantoaxial dislocation. RESULTS A combined ventral decompression of subaxial spine and instrumentation from C2 to C5, followed by posterior C1-C2 distraction arthroplasty and lateral mass stabilization of the subaxial spine up to C6, was done. The cervical deformity was corrected, and the patient remains symptom free. CONCLUSION Patients with spondyloptosis of the cervical spine can rarely present with chronic neck pain and minimal neurological deficits. An additional pathology, such as atlantoaxial dislocation, can add to the complexity. Circumferential stabilization and fusion would be required in such cases to achieve a good outcome. Larsen syndrome is a rare cause of nontraumatic cervical displacements.
Aikaterini Soulantika - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hcp-Co Nanowires Grown on Metallic Foams as Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2018Co-Authors: Justine Harmel, Laurent Peres, Marta Estrader, Adrien Berliet, Sylvie Maury, Antoine Fecant, Philippe Serp, Bruno Chaudret, Aikaterini SoulantikaAbstract:The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a structure‐sensitive exothermic reaction that enables catalytic transformation of syngas to high quality liquid fuels. Now, monolithic cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts were elaborated through a wet chemistry approach that allows control over nanocrystal shape and crystallographic phase, while at the same time enables heat management. Copper and nickel foams have been employed as supports for the epitaxial growth of hcp‐Co nanowires directly from a solution containing a coordination compound of cobalt and stabilizing ligands. The Co/Cufoam catalyst was tested for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis in a fixed‐bed reactor, showing stability and significantly superior activity and selectivity towards C5+ compared to a Co/SiO2‐Al2O3 reference catalyst under the same conditions.
Fikret Berkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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participatory research towards co management lessons from artisanal fisheries in coastal uruguay
Journal of Environmental Management, 2013Co-Authors: Micaela Trimble, Fikret BerkesAbstract:Participatory research has become increasingly common in natural resources management. Even though participatory research is considered a strategy to facilitate Co-Management, there is little empirical evidence supporting this. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the contributions of participatory research to help encourage the emergence of Co-Management, based on a case study in Piriapolis artisanal fishery in coastal Uruguay (where management has been top-down). We argue that participatory research involving artisanal fishers, government, and other stakeholders (university scientists and NGOs) can be a key stimulus towards Co-Management. We build this argument by considering "seven faces" by which Co-Management can be analyzed: (1) as power sharing; (2) as institution building; (3) as trust building; (4) as process; (5) as learning and knowledge co-production; (6) as problem solving; and (7) as governance. Our findings show that participatory research had an impact on these various faces: (1) power was shared when making research decisions; (2) a multi-stakeholder group (POPA), with a common vision and goals, was created; (3) trust among participants increased; (4) the process of group formation was valued by participants; (5) stakeholders learned skills for participation; (6) two problem-solving exercises were conducted; and (7) a diversity of stakeholders of the initial problem identified by fishers (sea lions' impact on long-line fishery) participated in the process. The case shows that participatory research functions as a platform which enhances learning and knowledge co-production among stakeholders, paving the way towards future Co-Management.
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co management and the co production of knowledge learning to adapt in canada s arctic
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2011Co-Authors: Derek Armitage, Fikret Berkes, Aaron T Dale, Erik Kochoschellenberg, Eva PattonAbstract:Abstract Co-Management institutional arrangements have an important role in creating conditions for social learning and adaptation in a rapidly changing Arctic environment, although how that works in practice has not been clearly articulated. This paper draws on three Co-Management cases from the Canadian Arctic to examine the role of knowledge co-production as an institutional trigger or mechanism to enable learning and adapting. Experience with knowledge co-production across the three cases is variable but outcomes illustrate how Co-Management actors are learning to learn through uncertainty and environmental change, or learning to be adaptive. Policy implications of this analysis are highlighted and include the importance of a long-term commitment to institution building, an enabling policy environment to sustain difficult social processes associated with knowledge co-production, and the value of diverse modes of communication, deliberation and social interaction.
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network approach for understanding small scale fisheries governance the case of the chilean coastal co management system
Marine Policy, 2010Co-Authors: Andres Marin, Fikret BerkesAbstract:Abstract Recent studies have focused on the study of social networks among local resource users, but few have attempted to study Co-Management networks. The objective of the research was to assess the Chilean shellfish Co-Management system from an organizational network perspective. Starting with one detailed case study, representatives of 38 small-scale fisher associations from two administrative regions were interviewed to investigate: (1) networks of actors in each Co-Management case, (2) the functions of these actors in Co-Management, and (3) fisher perceptions about Chile's Co-Management arrangement. Results indicate that decision-making is highly centralized and power is concentrated in government, with little horizontal exchange and cooperation among fisher associations. However, the network approach indicates the presence of a rich set of players, some seven sets of actors by function. Grassroots management innovations are hampered by the existing Co-Management structure, suggesting that the system may benefit from a modification of the policy to allow greater learning-by-doing and flexibility.
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evolution of co management role of knowledge generation bridging organizations and social learning
Journal of Environmental Management, 2009Co-Authors: Fikret BerkesAbstract:Over a period of some 20 years, different aspects of Co-Management (the sharing of power and responsibility between the government and local resource users) have come to the forefront. The paper focuses on a selection of these: knowledge generation, bridging organizations, social learning, and the emergence of adaptive Co-Management. Co-Management can be considered a knowledge partnership. Different levels of organization, from local to international, have comparative advantages in the generation and mobilization of knowledge acquired at different scales. Bridging organizations provide a forum for the interaction of these different kinds of knowledge, and the coordination of other tasks that enable co-operation: accessing resources, bringing together different actors, building trust, resolving conflict, and networking. Social learning is one of these tasks, essential both for the co-operation of partners and an outcome of the co-operation of partners. It occurs most efficiently through joint problem solving and reflection within learning networks. Through successive rounds of learning and problem solving, learning networks can incorporate new knowledge to deal with problems at increasingly larger scales, with the result that maturing Co-Management arrangements become adaptive Co-Management in time.
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Adaptive Co-Management for social-ecological complexity
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2009Co-Authors: Derek R. Armitage, Robert I. Arthur, Alan P. Diduck, Nancy C. Doubleday, Derek S. Johnson, Anthony T. Charles, Iain J. Davidson-hunt, Fikret Berkes, Ryan Plummer, Melissa MarschkeAbstract:Building trust through collaboration, institutional development, and social learning enhances efforts to foster ecosystem management and resolve multi-scale society–environment dilemmas. One emerging approach aimed at addressing these dilemmas is adaptive Co-Management. This method draws explicit attention to the learning (experiential and experimental) and collaboration (vertical and horizontal) functions necessary to improve our understanding of, and ability to respond to, complex social–ecological systems. Here, we identify and outline the core features of adaptive Co-Management, which include innovative institutional arrangements and incentives across spatiotemporal scales and levels, learning through complexity and change, monitoring and assessment of interventions, the role of power, and opportunities to link science with policy.
Sankar Ram Renganathan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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c3 c4 spondyloptosis without neurological deficit a case report
The Spine Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Sudhir Srivastava, Kshitij M Agrawal, Amit Sharma, Mukta Agrawal, Sunil Bhosale, Sankar Ram RenganathanAbstract:Abstract Background context Traumatic spondyloptosis of the cervical spine is usually associated with a complete, or rarely a partial, neurological deficit. Traumatic spondyloptosis with bipedicular fracture of the C3 vertebra is uncommon. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no report in the literature of bipedicular fracture of C3 with spondyloptosis of C3 over C4 with no neurological deficit. Literature is not clear about the role of preoperative traction in neurologically intact patients, and most authors advise both anterior and posterior fixation for cervical spondyloptosis. Purpose To report a case of C3–C4 spondyloptosis with C1 and C2 posterior arch fractures with no neurological deficit and its management strategy and underline the fact that closed reduction and limited anterior fusion can preserve the motion segment of cervical spine at other fractured levels and give a stable cervical column with good long-term results. Study design A case report with review of the literature. Methods A 35-year-old man fell from a height with hyperextension-compression injury to the cervical spine. The patient suffered fracture of the posterior elements of C1–C3 along with spondyloptosis of C3 over C4 without any neurological deficit. The patient was treated with an awake nasotracheal intubation with gradual cervical traction under fluoroscopic guidance to acceptable alignment followed by anterior cervical fusion at C3–C4. Results At 24 months' follow-up, the C3–C4 level fused completely with fracture healing at C1 and C2. The patient remained asymptomatic with normal neurological examination and near complete cervical motion. The patient returned to his preinjury job and recreational activities. Conclusions A case of C3–C4 spondyloptosis with associated C1–C2 posterior arch fracture is reported. The patient can present without neurological deficit if associated with a fracture of the posterior elements. Spondyloptosis without neurological deficit can be treated with gradual reduction under fluoroscopic guidance. A limited anterior-only fusion at the spondyloptosis level can provide good long-term results with preservation of other motion segments.