The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M. Cloete - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Carbon capture and storage in South Africa
Energy Procedia, 2009Co-Authors: A.d. Surridge, M. CloeteAbstract:Abstract A coal based Energy economy and an increasing coal based Energy infra-structure bestows on South Africa a high per capita carbon dioxide emission rate. With few other economically exploitable Energy resources, and in common with similarly placed countries, such emissions are likely to continue, even in spite of renewable Energy programmes and Energy efficiency measures. Consequently, South Africa is investigating the use of carbon capture and storage as a green-house gas emission mitigation measure. It has been shown that of the more than 400 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted per year, approximately 60% is sequestratable —that is, point sources and capturable. Of that, nearly 30 million tonnes per year of ∼95% pure carbon dioxide is emitted by the synthetic fuel industry. It is therefore likely that any envisaged carbon capture and storage project in South Africa is most likely to make use of the almos t pure carbon dioxide stream emanating from the synthetic fuel plants—the capture element that comprises approximately half the cost having already been done. Preliminary studies and the subject of this paper have indicated that at least 100 gigatonnes of geological storage could be available—more than four times the capacity required to store 240 million tonnes per year for 100 years. Most of that pertains to deep saline aquifers, with some extra prospects of depleted gas fields and enhanced coal-bed methane recovery. Potential storage sites and their characterisation will be addressed in the form of a carbon geological storage atlas that is scheduled for completion by the end of 2009. Following that, it is contemplated that a small-scale demonstration project [say 10,000 tonnes per year] may be undertaken in order for local scientists and engineers to obtain first hand experience in this technology and to prove-up local geological formations. In order to develop capacity, both human and technical, is this relative new field, a Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage is to be established in the South Africa National Energy Research Institute.
Wojciech Lyzwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polish Energy policy 2050 an instrument to develop a diversified and sustainable electricity generation mix in coal based Energy system
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Michal Wierzbowski, Izabela Filipiak, Wojciech LyzwaAbstract:Abstract Polish economy is still undergoing the transformation process and seeks to converge with the most developed economies in Europe. While many economic reforms have been made, the generating sector was left to its own devices and lack of the investments caused that electricity supply in Poland is ineffective and not secure. The coal is a primary fuel and it constitutes over 80% of the Energy mix. Thus, with Energy mix restructuration ahead, the ambitious and balanced Energy policy is highly required. The article aims to present the 2050 Energy Policy for Poland, which should facilitate the transformation of Coal-Based electricity generation system towards more sustainable and diversified Energy mix. Comprehensive description and review of the current conditions of Energy sector in Poland are accompanied with strengths and problems that need to be solved, taking into account European requirements. Additionally, in the paper the authors describe the development process of the Polish Energy Policy as they actively participated in the calculations of optimal Energy mix for Poland. The manuscript presents the eMix model (Energy mix optimization tool) developed by the authors, that constituted a background for Ministry of Economy to create Energy Policy. Hundreds of simulations scenarios were performed for the Ministry of Economy to provide the clear view of the electricity generation sector and to understand the impacts of all external stimuli to the mix. Assumptions for the model and results of calculations according to the policy scenarios are presented in the paper. Finally, the authors evaluate the final decisions of the policy makers, integrated in the Polish Energy Policy 2050, taking into account the challenges for the Polish power sector.
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Polish Energy policy 2050 – An instrument to develop a diversified and sustainable electricity generation mix in Coal-Based Energy system
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Michal Wierzbowski, Izabela Filipiak, Wojciech LyzwaAbstract:Abstract Polish economy is still undergoing the transformation process and seeks to converge with the most developed economies in Europe. While many economic reforms have been made, the generating sector was left to its own devices and lack of the investments caused that electricity supply in Poland is ineffective and not secure. The coal is a primary fuel and it constitutes over 80% of the Energy mix. Thus, with Energy mix restructuration ahead, the ambitious and balanced Energy policy is highly required. The article aims to present the 2050 Energy Policy for Poland, which should facilitate the transformation of Coal-Based electricity generation system towards more sustainable and diversified Energy mix. Comprehensive description and review of the current conditions of Energy sector in Poland are accompanied with strengths and problems that need to be solved, taking into account European requirements. Additionally, in the paper the authors describe the development process of the Polish Energy Policy as they actively participated in the calculations of optimal Energy mix for Poland. The manuscript presents the eMix model (Energy mix optimization tool) developed by the authors, that constituted a background for Ministry of Economy to create Energy Policy. Hundreds of simulations scenarios were performed for the Ministry of Economy to provide the clear view of the electricity generation sector and to understand the impacts of all external stimuli to the mix. Assumptions for the model and results of calculations according to the policy scenarios are presented in the paper. Finally, the authors evaluate the final decisions of the policy makers, integrated in the Polish Energy Policy 2050, taking into account the challenges for the Polish power sector.
Jasim M Uddin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the photon absorber and interconnecting layers in multijunction organic solar cell
Solar Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Brishty Deb Choudhury, Bernabe Ibarra, Federico Cesano, Muhammad N Huda, Aminur Rashid Chowdhury, Carolina Olivares, Jasim M UddinAbstract:Abstract Organic photovoltaic devices have long been considered as an important alternative for Coal-Based Energy technologies due to their low-cost, lightweight and flexible nature. However, the power conversion efficiencies of such cells are limited by thermalization and transmission losses, which can be overcome by stacking multiple cells in a tandem configuration. This approach allows utilization of the wider spectrum of solar light, helping in attaining the theoretical limits for single cell efficiency (~30%). However, the performance of such tandem organic solar cells depends largely on several factors, including the proper design of absorber, sub-cells and interconnecting layer materials. In this review, recent studies on the development of different fullerene, non-fullerene, small molecule acceptor based active layers have been reported. Also, some recent works in the field of the inorganic-organic hybrid tandem cells have been briefly discussed. The purpose of this review is manifold: to provide the readers with a comprehensive overview of past, current research, recent developments, and open problems of tandem organic solar cells.
A.d. Surridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Carbon capture and storage in South Africa
Energy Procedia, 2009Co-Authors: A.d. Surridge, M. CloeteAbstract:Abstract A coal based Energy economy and an increasing coal based Energy infra-structure bestows on South Africa a high per capita carbon dioxide emission rate. With few other economically exploitable Energy resources, and in common with similarly placed countries, such emissions are likely to continue, even in spite of renewable Energy programmes and Energy efficiency measures. Consequently, South Africa is investigating the use of carbon capture and storage as a green-house gas emission mitigation measure. It has been shown that of the more than 400 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted per year, approximately 60% is sequestratable —that is, point sources and capturable. Of that, nearly 30 million tonnes per year of ∼95% pure carbon dioxide is emitted by the synthetic fuel industry. It is therefore likely that any envisaged carbon capture and storage project in South Africa is most likely to make use of the almos t pure carbon dioxide stream emanating from the synthetic fuel plants—the capture element that comprises approximately half the cost having already been done. Preliminary studies and the subject of this paper have indicated that at least 100 gigatonnes of geological storage could be available—more than four times the capacity required to store 240 million tonnes per year for 100 years. Most of that pertains to deep saline aquifers, with some extra prospects of depleted gas fields and enhanced coal-bed methane recovery. Potential storage sites and their characterisation will be addressed in the form of a carbon geological storage atlas that is scheduled for completion by the end of 2009. Following that, it is contemplated that a small-scale demonstration project [say 10,000 tonnes per year] may be undertaken in order for local scientists and engineers to obtain first hand experience in this technology and to prove-up local geological formations. In order to develop capacity, both human and technical, is this relative new field, a Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage is to be established in the South Africa National Energy Research Institute.
Jun Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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building the hydrogen economy in china drivers resources and technologies
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013Co-Authors: Chengshi Yang, Mingzhou Wang, Jun Lu, Ahmad Zahedi, Bo PengAbstract:This paper reviews drivers, resources, and technologies for building the hydrogen economy in China. China is unique in terms of its vast area, huge population and fast economic growth. These factors pose a great challenge for China to ensure a continuous and sufficient Energy supply. In addition, the Coal-Based Energy system of China inevitably results in huge CO2 emissions. Hydrogen shows the great potential in solving the concerns for improving Energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen can be produced from abundant and widely distributed renewable Energy resources, which implies an opportunity for China to diversify its Energy supplies from a hydrogen economy. Moreover, hydrogen is the cleanest fuel especially when coupled with fuel cell. Chinese government has made ambitious policy and provides strong financial support for research and development of hydrogen and fuel cell technology. All the top-tier universities and institutes in China are conducting related research and Chinese companies express strong interest in the commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technology.