The Experts below are selected from a list of 400836 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ryunosuke Tateno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the steps in the soil nitrogen Transformation Process vary along an aridity gradient via changes in the microbial community
Biogeochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Chikae Tatsumi, Takeshi Taniguchi, Norikazu Yamanaka, Ryunosuke TatenoAbstract:Rainfall patterns are predicted to change dramatically in many terrestrial landscapes, including drylands. The most limiting resources for plant growth in arid regions is nitrogen (N) as well as water. A natural aridity gradient provides appropriate candidate conditions for predicting the impacts of changes in rainfall on soil N dynamics. To comprehensively and mechanistically examine soil N dynamics, we focused on the steps of N Transformation, their microbial drivers, and the determining soil properties. We divided the N Transformation Process into three steps: (i) organic matter degradation, (ii) N mineralization, and (iii) nitrification, which are driven primarily by fungi, prokaryotes, and ammonia oxidizers, respectively. Soil samples were collected from three black locust forests with mean annual precipitations ranging from 449 to 606 mm. Along the aridity gradient, all three steps changed while maintaining a balance. The degradation and mineralization steps varied with changes in the soil fungal and prokaryotic communities, respectively. The compositions of these communities were determined by soil substrate quality and quantity; saprotrophs and copiotrophs decreased along the aridity gradient. On the other hand, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, which correlated with the rate of nitrification, was likely determined by soil moisture. Therefore, if precipitation were to decrease, changes in the nitrification step might be the first mechanism to limit plant productivity in semi-arid forests. This limitation would extend to the other steps in the N cycling Process via plant–soil feedback. Thus, N cycling dynamics are predicted to achieve new stable states suited to the changed precipitation regime.
Kevin J Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role of solvent composition and polymorph surface chemistry in the solution mediated phase Transformation Process of cefaclor
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2018Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Ling Zhou, Xia Zhang, Yongfan Yang, Qiuxiang Yin, Kevin J RobertsAbstract:The solution-mediated phase Transformation Process from cefaclor dihydrate to an ethanol–water solvate is analyzed by optical microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and molecular modeling. The solution concentration and polymorphic composition during slurry Transformation, as monitored using UV and Raman spectroscopy, respectively, reveal that the dihydrate transforms to the ethanol–water solvate at a low ethanol concentration in the mixture solvent. The Transformation Process is controlled by the growth of ethanol–water solvate, which nucleates on the surfaces of the dihydrate crystals. Molecular simulation confirms the critical point of Transformation between the dihydrate and the ethanol–water solvate, consistent with the experimental results. The results demonstrate the importance of the solvent composition and surface chemistry of dihydrate in promoting the heterogeneous nucleation of ethanol–water solvate and provide guidance for the Process control for the target form of...
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The Role of Solvent Composition and Polymorph Surface Chemistry in the Solution-Mediated Phase Transformation Process of Cefaclor
2018Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Ling Zhou, Xia Zhang, Yongfan Yang, Qiuxiang Yin, Kevin J RobertsAbstract:The solution-mediated phase Transformation Process from cefaclor dihydrate to an ethanol–water solvate is analyzed by optical microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and molecular modeling. The solution concentration and polymorphic composition during slurry Transformation, as monitored using UV and Raman spectroscopy, respectively, reveal that the dihydrate transforms to the ethanol–water solvate at a low ethanol concentration in the mixture solvent. The Transformation Process is controlled by the growth of ethanol–water solvate, which nucleates on the surfaces of the dihydrate crystals. Molecular simulation confirms the critical point of Transformation between the dihydrate and the ethanol–water solvate, consistent with the experimental results. The results demonstrate the importance of the solvent composition and surface chemistry of dihydrate in promoting the heterogeneous nucleation of ethanol–water solvate and provide guidance for the Process control for the target form of cefaclor required
Marcelo Lancellotti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Haemophilus influenzae porine omp P2 gene transfer mediated by graphene oxide nanoparticles with effects on Transformation Process and virulence bacterial capacity
Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Julia Nogueira Varela, Rafaella Fabiana Carneiro Pereira, Luciana Maria De Hollanda, Cecília Cecília Krähenbühl Amstalden, Helder José Ceragioli, Vitor Baranauskas, Marcelo LancellottiAbstract:Background H. influenzae is a natural competent bacterium that can uptake DNA from the environment and recombine into bacterial genome. The outbreaks of Brazilian purpuric fever, heavily polluted areas of a different H. influenzae biogroup - aegyptius - as well as gene transference between Neisseria meningitis make the Transformation Process an important evolutionary factor. This work studied the horizontal transference of the omp P2 gene from a multiresistant strain of H. influenzae 07 (NTHi), under the influence of graphene oxide nanoparticles in order to mimic an atmosphere rich in suspended particles and this way verify if the CFU transformants number was increased. Material and methods In this article the gene ompP2 was transformed into different strains of H. influenzae mediated or not by graphene oxide nanoparticles in suspension, followed by the adhesion tests in Hec-1B (human endometrium adenocarcinoma) and A549 (pulmonary epithelial carcinoma) cells lines. The Transformation frequency and the adhesion capacity were determined in all the mutants to which the ompP2 gene was transferred and compared to their wild type strains. Results The nanoparticles increased the Transformation ratio of one particular strain isolated from a pneumonia case. The adhesion patterns to A549 and Hec1b cell lines of these mutated bacteria has their capacity increased when compared to the wild type. Conclusions Graphene oxide nanoparticles aid the Transformation Process, helping to increase the number of CFUs, and the mutants generated with the omp P2 gene from a H. influenzae resistant strain not only present a chloramphenicol resistance but also have an increased adherence patterns in A549 and Hec1B cell lines.
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Haemophilus influenzae porine ompP2 gene transfer mediated by graphene oxide nanoparticles with effects on Transformation Process and virulence bacterial capacity.
Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Julia Nogueira Varela, Rafaella Fabiana Carneiro Pereira, Luciana Maria De Hollanda, Helder José Ceragioli, Vitor Baranauskas, Maria Cecilia Kraehenbuehl Amstalden, Marcelo LancellottiAbstract:Background: H. influenzae is a natural competent bacterium that can uptake DNA from the environment and recombine into bacterial genome. The outbreaks of Brazilian purpuric fever, heavily polluted areas of a different H. influenzae biogroup - aegyptius - as well as gene transference between Neisseria meningitis make the Transformation Process an important evolutionary factor. This work studied the horizontal transference of the ompP2 gene from a multiresistant strain of H. influenzae 07 (NTHi), under the influence of graphene oxide nanoparticles in order to mimic an atmosphere rich in suspended particles and this way verify if the CFU transformants number was increased. Material and methods: In this article the gene ompP2 was transformed into different strains of H. influenzae mediated or not by graphene oxide nanoparticles in suspension, followed by the adhesion tests in Hec-1B (human endometrium adenocarcinoma) and A549 (pulmonary epithelial carcinoma) cells lines. The Transformation frequency and the adhesion capacity were determined in all the mutants to which the ompP2 gene was transferred and compared to their wild type strains. Results: The nanoparticles increased the Transformation ratio of one particular strain isolated from a pneumonia case. The adhesion patterns to A549 and Hec1b cell lines of these mutated bacteria has their capacity increased when compared to the wild type. Conclusions: Graphene oxide nanoparticles aid the Transformation Process, helping to increase the number of CFUs, and the mutants generated with the ompP2 gene from a H. influenzae resistant strain not only present a chloramphenicol resistance but also have an increased adherence patterns in A549 and Hec1B cell lines.
Chikae Tatsumi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the steps in the soil nitrogen Transformation Process vary along an aridity gradient via changes in the microbial community
Biogeochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Chikae Tatsumi, Takeshi Taniguchi, Norikazu Yamanaka, Ryunosuke TatenoAbstract:Rainfall patterns are predicted to change dramatically in many terrestrial landscapes, including drylands. The most limiting resources for plant growth in arid regions is nitrogen (N) as well as water. A natural aridity gradient provides appropriate candidate conditions for predicting the impacts of changes in rainfall on soil N dynamics. To comprehensively and mechanistically examine soil N dynamics, we focused on the steps of N Transformation, their microbial drivers, and the determining soil properties. We divided the N Transformation Process into three steps: (i) organic matter degradation, (ii) N mineralization, and (iii) nitrification, which are driven primarily by fungi, prokaryotes, and ammonia oxidizers, respectively. Soil samples were collected from three black locust forests with mean annual precipitations ranging from 449 to 606 mm. Along the aridity gradient, all three steps changed while maintaining a balance. The degradation and mineralization steps varied with changes in the soil fungal and prokaryotic communities, respectively. The compositions of these communities were determined by soil substrate quality and quantity; saprotrophs and copiotrophs decreased along the aridity gradient. On the other hand, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, which correlated with the rate of nitrification, was likely determined by soil moisture. Therefore, if precipitation were to decrease, changes in the nitrification step might be the first mechanism to limit plant productivity in semi-arid forests. This limitation would extend to the other steps in the N cycling Process via plant–soil feedback. Thus, N cycling dynamics are predicted to achieve new stable states suited to the changed precipitation regime.
Chang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role of solvent composition and polymorph surface chemistry in the solution mediated phase Transformation Process of cefaclor
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2018Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Ling Zhou, Xia Zhang, Yongfan Yang, Qiuxiang Yin, Kevin J RobertsAbstract:The solution-mediated phase Transformation Process from cefaclor dihydrate to an ethanol–water solvate is analyzed by optical microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and molecular modeling. The solution concentration and polymorphic composition during slurry Transformation, as monitored using UV and Raman spectroscopy, respectively, reveal that the dihydrate transforms to the ethanol–water solvate at a low ethanol concentration in the mixture solvent. The Transformation Process is controlled by the growth of ethanol–water solvate, which nucleates on the surfaces of the dihydrate crystals. Molecular simulation confirms the critical point of Transformation between the dihydrate and the ethanol–water solvate, consistent with the experimental results. The results demonstrate the importance of the solvent composition and surface chemistry of dihydrate in promoting the heterogeneous nucleation of ethanol–water solvate and provide guidance for the Process control for the target form of...
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The Role of Solvent Composition and Polymorph Surface Chemistry in the Solution-Mediated Phase Transformation Process of Cefaclor
2018Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Ling Zhou, Xia Zhang, Yongfan Yang, Qiuxiang Yin, Kevin J RobertsAbstract:The solution-mediated phase Transformation Process from cefaclor dihydrate to an ethanol–water solvate is analyzed by optical microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and molecular modeling. The solution concentration and polymorphic composition during slurry Transformation, as monitored using UV and Raman spectroscopy, respectively, reveal that the dihydrate transforms to the ethanol–water solvate at a low ethanol concentration in the mixture solvent. The Transformation Process is controlled by the growth of ethanol–water solvate, which nucleates on the surfaces of the dihydrate crystals. Molecular simulation confirms the critical point of Transformation between the dihydrate and the ethanol–water solvate, consistent with the experimental results. The results demonstrate the importance of the solvent composition and surface chemistry of dihydrate in promoting the heterogeneous nucleation of ethanol–water solvate and provide guidance for the Process control for the target form of cefaclor required
