The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pratim Biswas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
characterization of organic aerosol produced during pulverized Coal Combustion in a drop tube furnace
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaofei Wang, Brent J Williams, Y Tang, Y Huang, Lingdong Kong, Xin Yang, Pratim BiswasAbstract:Abstract. Controlled bench scale pulverized Coal Combustion studies were performed, demonstrating that inorganic particles play a critical role as carriers of organic species. Two commonly-used aerosol mass spectrometry techniques were applied to characterize fine particle formation during Coal Combustion. It was found that the organic species in Coal Combustion aerosols have mass spectra similar to those generated by biomass Combustion. Ambient measurements in Shanghai, China confirm the presence of these species in approximately 29–38% of the sampled particles. With the absence of major biomass sources in the Shanghai area, it is suggested that Coal Combustion may be the main source of these particles. This work indicates there is a significant potential for incorrect apportionment of Coal Combustion particles to biomass burning sources using widely adopted mass spectrometry techniques.
-
Characterization of organic aerosol produced during pulverized Coal Combustion in a drop tube furnace
2013Co-Authors: Xiaofei Wang, Brent J Williams, Y Tang, Y Huang, Lingdong Kong, Xin Yang, Pratim BiswasAbstract:Abstract. Controlled bench scale pulverized Coal Combustion studies were performed that demonstrate that inorganic particles play a critical role as carrier of organic species. Two commonly-used aerosol mass spectrometry techniques have been applied to characterize fine particle formation during Coal Combustion. It was found that the organic species in Coal Combustion aerosols have similar mass spectra as those from biomass Combustion. Ambient measurements in Shanghai, China confirm the presence of these species in approximately 36~42% of the sampled particles. With the absence of major biomass sources in the Shanghai area, it is suggested that Coal Combustion may be the main source of these particles. This work indicates there is a significant potential for incorrect apportionment of Coal Combustion particles to biomass burning sources using widely adopted mass spectrometry techniques.
Xiaofei Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
characterization of organic aerosol produced during pulverized Coal Combustion in a drop tube furnace
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaofei Wang, Brent J Williams, Y Tang, Y Huang, Lingdong Kong, Xin Yang, Pratim BiswasAbstract:Abstract. Controlled bench scale pulverized Coal Combustion studies were performed, demonstrating that inorganic particles play a critical role as carriers of organic species. Two commonly-used aerosol mass spectrometry techniques were applied to characterize fine particle formation during Coal Combustion. It was found that the organic species in Coal Combustion aerosols have mass spectra similar to those generated by biomass Combustion. Ambient measurements in Shanghai, China confirm the presence of these species in approximately 29–38% of the sampled particles. With the absence of major biomass sources in the Shanghai area, it is suggested that Coal Combustion may be the main source of these particles. This work indicates there is a significant potential for incorrect apportionment of Coal Combustion particles to biomass burning sources using widely adopted mass spectrometry techniques.
-
Characterization of organic aerosol produced during pulverized Coal Combustion in a drop tube furnace
2013Co-Authors: Xiaofei Wang, Brent J Williams, Y Tang, Y Huang, Lingdong Kong, Xin Yang, Pratim BiswasAbstract:Abstract. Controlled bench scale pulverized Coal Combustion studies were performed that demonstrate that inorganic particles play a critical role as carrier of organic species. Two commonly-used aerosol mass spectrometry techniques have been applied to characterize fine particle formation during Coal Combustion. It was found that the organic species in Coal Combustion aerosols have similar mass spectra as those from biomass Combustion. Ambient measurements in Shanghai, China confirm the presence of these species in approximately 36~42% of the sampled particles. With the absence of major biomass sources in the Shanghai area, it is suggested that Coal Combustion may be the main source of these particles. This work indicates there is a significant potential for incorrect apportionment of Coal Combustion particles to biomass burning sources using widely adopted mass spectrometry techniques.
Heechun Lim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Combustion and heat transfer characteristics of oxy Coal Combustion in a 100 mwe front wall fired furnace
Fuel, 2013Co-Authors: Sanghyun Park, Jungeun Kim, Changkook Ryu, Taeyoung Chae, Won Yang, Young Ju Kim, Ho Young Park, Heechun LimAbstract:Abstract Oxy-Coal Combustion exhibits different characteristics of Combustion, flow and heat transfer from those of air-Coal Combustion, due to the high concentration of CO2 and H2O in the product gases. Using computational modeling, this study investigated the Combustion and wall heat flux (WHF) of a 100 MWe boiler under air- and oxy-Coal Combustion conditions. The boiler had 12 swirl burners installed on the front wall for thermal input of 284 MWth. Flame temperatures and corresponding WHF in oxy-Coal Combustion increased linearly as O2 concentration increased from 24% to 30%. The case with 28% O2 achieved the same level of WHF with that of air-Coal Combustion, which had a similar adiabatic flame temperature. Due to the lower heat capacity, the gas temperature above the burner region lowered more rapidly in air-Coal Combustion than in oxy-Coal Combustion. The proportion of char converted by CO2 and H2O increased from approximately 8% in air-Coal Combustion to 19–23% in oxy-Coal Combustion. The increased rates of endothermic gasification reactions by CO2 and H2O lowered the temperature in the internal recirculation zone during oxy-Coal Combustion. This retarded char oxidation upstream of the flames.
Hao Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Predictions of the impurities in the CO2 stream of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant
Applied Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Hao Liu, Shao YingjuanAbstract:Abstract Whilst all three main carbon capture technologies (post-Combustion, pre-Combustion and oxy-fuel Combustion) can produce a CO2 dominant stream, other impurities are expected to be present in the CO2 stream. The impurities in the CO2 stream can adversely affect other processes of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) chain including the purification, compression, transportation and storage of the CO2 stream. Both the nature and the concentrations of potential impurities expected to be present in the CO2 stream of a CCS-integrated power plant depend on not only the type of the power plant but also the carbon capture method used. The present paper focuses on the predictions of impurities expected to be present in the CO2 stream of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant. The main gaseous impurities of the CO2 stream of oxy-Coal Combustion are N2/Ar, O2 and H2O. Even the air ingress to the boiler and its auxiliaries is small enough to be neglected, the N2/Ar concentration of the CO2 stream can vary between ca. 1% and 6%, mainly depending on the O2 purity of the air separation unit, and the O2 concentration can vary between ca. 3% and 5%, mainly depending on the Combustion stoichiometry of the boiler. The H2O concentration of the CO2 stream can vary from ca. 10% to over 40%, mainly depending on the fuel moisture and the partitioning of recycling flue gas (RFG) between wet-RFG and dry-RFG. NOx and SO2 are the two main polluting impurities of the CO2 stream of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant and their concentrations are expected to be well above those found in the flue gas of an air-Coal Combustion plant. The concentration of NOx in the flue gas of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant can be up to ca. two times to that of an equivalent air-Coal Combustion plant. The amount of NOx emitted by the oxy-Coal Combustion plant, however, is expected to be much smaller than that of the air-Coal Combustion plant. The reductions of the recirculated NOx within the Combustion furnace by the reburning mechanism and the char-NO reactions are the main reason for a smaller amount of NOx emitted by the oxy-Coal Combustion plant. The concentration of SO2 in the flue gas of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant can be up to six times to that of an equivalent air-Coal Combustion plant if the recycling flue gas is not desulphurized. The flue gas volume flow rate of an oxy-Coal Combustion plant is much smaller (
-
comparisons of pulverized Coal Combustion in air and in mixtures of o2 co2
Fuel, 2005Co-Authors: Hao Liu, Ramlan Zailani, Bernard M. GibbsAbstract:Abstract Pulverized Coal Combustion in air and the mixtures of O2/CO2 has been experimentally investigated in a 20 kW down-fired combustor (190 mm id×3 m). Detailed comparisons of gas temperature profiles, gas composition profiles, char burnouts, conversions of Coal–N to NOx and Coal–S to SO2 and CO emissions have been made between Coal Combustion in air and Coal Combustion in various O2/CO2 mixtures. The effectiveness of air/oxidant staging on reducing NOx emissions has also been investigated for Coal Combustion in air and O2/CO2 mixtures. The results show that simply replacing the N2 in the Combustion air with CO2 will result in a significant decrease of Combustion gas temperatures. However, Coal Combustion in 30% O2/70% CO2 can produce matching gas temperature profiles to those of Coal Combustion in air while having a lower Coal–N to NOx conversion, a better char burnout and a lower CO emission. The results also confirm that air/oxidant staging is very effective in reducing NOx emissions for Coal Combustion in both air and a 30% O2/70% CO2 mixture. SO2 emissions are proved to be almost independent of the Combustion media investigated.
-
Pulverized Coal Combustion in air and in O2/CO2 mixtures with NOx recycle
Fuel, 2005Co-Authors: Hao Liu, Ramlan Zailani, Bernard M. GibbsAbstract:Abstract This paper presents experimental results of a 20 kW vertical combustor equipped with a single pf-burner on pulverised Coal Combustion in air and O2/CO2 mixtures with NOx recycle. Experimental results on Combustion performance and NOx emissions of seven international bituminous Coals in air and in O2/CO2 mixtures confirm the previous findings of the authors that the O2 concentration in the O2/CO2 mixture has to be 30% or higher to produce matching temperature profiles to those of Coal-air Combustion while Coal Combustion in 30% O2/70% CO2 leads to better Coal burnout and less NOx emissions than Coal Combustion in air. Experimental results with NOx recycle reveal that the reduction of the recycled NO depends on the Combustion media, Combustion mode (staging or non-staging) and recycling location. Generally, more NO is reduced with Coal Combustion in 30% O2/70% CO2 than with Coal Combustion in air. Up to 88 and 92% reductions of the recycled NO can be achieved with Coal Combustion in air and in 30% O2/70% CO2 respectively. More NO is reduced with oxidant staging than without oxidant staging when NO is recycled through the burner. Much more NO is reduced when NO recycled through the burner (from 65 to 92%) than when NO is recycled through the staging tertiary oxidant ports (from 33 to 54%). The concentration of the recycled NO has little influence on the reduction efficiency of the recycled NO with both Combustion media—air and 30% O2/70% CO2.
-
Comparisons of pulverized Coal Combustion in air and in mixtures of O2/CO2
Fuel, 2004Co-Authors: Hao Liu, Ramlan Zailani, Bernard M. GibbsAbstract:Abstract Pulverized Coal Combustion in air and the mixtures of O2/CO2 has been experimentally investigated in a 20 kW down-fired combustor (190 mm id×3 m). Detailed comparisons of gas temperature profiles, gas composition profiles, char burnouts, conversions of Coal–N to NOx and Coal–S to SO2 and CO emissions have been made between Coal Combustion in air and Coal Combustion in various O2/CO2 mixtures. The effectiveness of air/oxidant staging on reducing NOx emissions has also been investigated for Coal Combustion in air and O2/CO2 mixtures. The results show that simply replacing the N2 in the Combustion air with CO2 will result in a significant decrease of Combustion gas temperatures. However, Coal Combustion in 30% O2/70% CO2 can produce matching gas temperature profiles to those of Coal Combustion in air while having a lower Coal–N to NOx conversion, a better char burnout and a lower CO emission. The results also confirm that air/oxidant staging is very effective in reducing NOx emissions for Coal Combustion in both air and a 30% O2/70% CO2 mixture. SO2 emissions are proved to be almost independent of the Combustion media investigated.
Taeyoung Chae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Combustion and heat transfer characteristics of oxy Coal Combustion in a 100 mwe front wall fired furnace
Fuel, 2013Co-Authors: Sanghyun Park, Jungeun Kim, Changkook Ryu, Taeyoung Chae, Won Yang, Young Ju Kim, Ho Young Park, Heechun LimAbstract:Abstract Oxy-Coal Combustion exhibits different characteristics of Combustion, flow and heat transfer from those of air-Coal Combustion, due to the high concentration of CO2 and H2O in the product gases. Using computational modeling, this study investigated the Combustion and wall heat flux (WHF) of a 100 MWe boiler under air- and oxy-Coal Combustion conditions. The boiler had 12 swirl burners installed on the front wall for thermal input of 284 MWth. Flame temperatures and corresponding WHF in oxy-Coal Combustion increased linearly as O2 concentration increased from 24% to 30%. The case with 28% O2 achieved the same level of WHF with that of air-Coal Combustion, which had a similar adiabatic flame temperature. Due to the lower heat capacity, the gas temperature above the burner region lowered more rapidly in air-Coal Combustion than in oxy-Coal Combustion. The proportion of char converted by CO2 and H2O increased from approximately 8% in air-Coal Combustion to 19–23% in oxy-Coal Combustion. The increased rates of endothermic gasification reactions by CO2 and H2O lowered the temperature in the internal recirculation zone during oxy-Coal Combustion. This retarded char oxidation upstream of the flames.