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Garry Leblang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the walloon subgroup surat basin queensland australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2007Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the Walloon Subgroup — Surat Basin, Queensland, Australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.
Steven Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the walloon subgroup surat basin queensland australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2007Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the Walloon Subgroup — Surat Basin, Queensland, Australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.
James C. Hower - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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History of applied Coal Petrology in the United States. IV. Reflections on the centennial of the introduction of Coal Petrology to North America
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2020Co-Authors: James C. Hower, Cortland F. Eble, Jennifer M.k. O'keefeAbstract:Abstract Reinhardt Thiessen introduced a thin-section-based, botanically oriented method of Coal Petrology to North America in 1920. The nomenclature derived from this system, although eventually reconciled with and largely superseded by the European reflected-light techniques and nomenclature, persisted for decades after Thiessen's death in 1938. The research by Thiessen and his colleagues at the U.S. Bureau of Mines was the foundation of applied Coal Petrology in the United States, with research on the preparation, coking, and hydrogenation properties of Coals. Thiessen's botanical training enabled him to recognize distinct spores in Coals. Although he did not macerate the samples and he did not provide genus and species names, the demonstration that he could use spores to correlate Coals through the Northern Appalachian Coal basin provided a foundation for regional stratigraphic palynology. Homer Turner, an American geologist and fuel scientist, was a pioneer in the petrographic study of anthracite. Using a method of etching polished blocks of anthracite, he developed a parallel approach to Reinhardt Thiessen's studies of thin sections of bituminous and lower-rank Coals, describing well-preserved botanical structures. This, in turn, supported the view that anthracite just had a higher degree of metamorphism than bituminous Coals, opposed to the older view that anthracite had a different botanical origin. In a joint study with the U.S. Bureau of Mines, Turner produced a map of equal volatile matter contours (isovol) across the Pennsylvania Anthracite Fields. He was also a collaborator in a study on the X-ray diffraction structure of anthracite, presaging better known studies by Rosalind Franklin and others.
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Spontaneous Combustion and Coal Petrology
Coal and Peat Fires: A Global Perspective, 2011Co-Authors: Maria Mastalerz, James C. Hower, Agnieszka Drobniak, Jennifer M.k. O'keefeAbstract:This chapter presents the basic concepts of Coal Petrology and discusses Coal parameters that have been noted as potential triggers for spontaneous combustion. Macerals, the microscopically identifiable organic constituents of Coal, are one of three basic parameters that define Coal. The other two parameters are the Coal rank, the measure of metamorphism of the organic constituents, and the inorganic content of the Coal, most visibly seen as the minerals associated with Coal. Among many factors that trigger spontaneous combustion, oxidation of Coal at ambient temperature is the major one. It is an exothermic reaction, the exact mechanisms of which are not fully understood. At very low temperatures, reaction between Coal and oxygen is physical (adsorption), and it changes into chemisorptions starting at ambient temperature. Particle size and available surface area are important because adsorption is an important process in Coal oxidation. Higher adsorption, and the monolayer capacity in particular, influences the amount of moisture that can be retained in the Coal and moisture is frequently cited as the main control on spontaneous combustion. Fractured and faulted thick Coal seams with pyrite and organic shale partings are particularly susceptible to spontaneous combustion.
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Studies of the relationship between Coal Petrology and grinding properties
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2003Co-Authors: Alan S. Trimble, James C. HowerAbstract:Abstract The maceral and microlithotype composition of selected Coals has been investigated with respect to the grinding properties, specifically Hardgrove grindability index (HGI), of the Coals. The study expands upon previous investigations of HGI and Coal Petrology by adding the dimension of the amount and composition of the microlithotypes. Coal samples, both lithotypes and whole channels, were selected from restricted rank ranges based on vitrinite maximum reflectance: 0.75–0.80% R max , 0.85–0.90% R max and 0.95–1.00% R max . In this manner, the influence of petrographic composition can be isolated from the influence of rank. Previous investigations of high volatile bituminous Coals demonstrated that, while rank is an important factor in Coal grindability, the amount of liptinite and liptinite-rich microlithotypes is a more influential factor. In this study, we provide further quantitative evidence for the influence of microlithotypes on HGI and, ultimately, on pulverizer performance.
John C. Crelling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Other Applications of Coal Petrology
Applied Coal Petrology, 2008Co-Authors: John C. Crelling, Isabel Suárez-ruizAbstract:Publisher Summary The primary aim of this chapter is to highlight applications of the Coal Petrology. Coal Petrology and the techniques used in Coal Petrology, particularly optical microscopy, have important applications in a number of areas related to Coal and its derivative products as well as in other areas not directly related to Coal. The application of organic Petrology methods in archaeology in relation to the organic gems and artifacts, environmental studies, spontaneous combustion, forensic geology, and auto brakes is discussed. Other applications of Coal petrography include those of a predictive character, which are used to predict the Hardgrove grindability of Coal. Coal Petrology and geochemistry are used in archaeological investigation to determine the provenance of Coal and other materials such as those related to jet and occasionally amber, both of which are considered gemstones.
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applied Coal Petrology the role of Petrology in Coal utilization
2008Co-Authors: Isabel Suarez Ruiz, John C. CrellingAbstract:This book is an integrated approach towards the applications of Coal (organic) Petrology and discusses the role of this science in the field of Coal and Coal-related topics. Coal Petrology needs to be seen as a continuum of organic (macerals) and inorganic (minerals and trace elements) contributions to the total Coal structure, with the overprint of Coal rank. All this influences the behavior of Coal in utilization, the Coal by-products, the properties of Coal as a reservoir for methane or a sequestration site for carbon dioxide, and the relationships of Coal utilization with health and environmental issues. The interaction of Coal properties and Coal utilization begins at the mine face. The breakage of the Coal in mining influences its subsequent beneficiation. Beneficiation is fundamental to the proper combustion of Coal and is vital to the preparation of the feedstock for the production of metallurgical coke.An understanding of basic Coal properties is important for achieving reductions in trace element emissions and improving the efficiency of combustion and combined-cycle gasification. The production of methane from Coal beds is related to the properties of the in situ Coal. Similarly, Coal bed sequestration of carbon dioxide produced from combustion is dependent on the reservoir properties. Environmental problems accompany Coal on its way from the mine to the point of utilization and beyond. Health aspects related with Coal mining and Coal utilization are also included because, in planning for Coal use, it is impossible to separate environmental and health issues from the discussion of Coal utilization.The book is aimed at a wide audience, ranging from researchers, lecturers and students to professionals in industry and discusses issues (such as the environmental, and health) that are of concern to the general public as a whole. This book focuses on the applications of Coal (organic) Petrology to our modern society. It is an integrated approach to help the reader appreciate the importance of Coal quality and Coal utilization. Coal composition (macerals, mineral, trace elements) and the overprint of Coal rank are treated together. This book synthesises all the possibilities of the organic Petrology as a tool for Coal utilization in conventional applications (mining and beneficiation, Coal combustion, gasification, liquefaction, carbonization), as a precursor of carbon materials and as a petroleum source and reservoir rock.The role of applied Petrology in the characterization of solid by-products from Coal utilization is also discussed. In addition, this book describes the present status of environmental and health problems linked to Coal utilization and the ways in which such problems might be overcome in the future.
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Chapter 7 – Coal Carbonization
Applied Coal Petrology, 2008Co-Authors: John C. CrellingAbstract:Publisher Summary Metallurgical coke, along with iron ore and limestone, is layered into a blast furnace to convert the iron ore to metallic iron. Coke, which is mostly carbon, reacts with the blast air to produce carbon monoxide, which, in turn, reacts with the iron oxide to produce carbon dioxide and metallic iron. This chapter details the Coal-to-coke transformation, which is the most successful industrial applications of Coal Petrology in the carbonization industry. Coal Petrology is used to evaluate the suitability of a given Coal for coking, predict the strength of cokes made from both single Coals and Coal blends, predict peak coking pressures, predict coke reactivity, evaluate the nature of quinoline insolubles in Coal tar pitches, detect weathering in Coal, and evaluate petroleum cokes. The petrographic characteristics of metallurgical coke reveal much about its composition and structure and can be used to evaluate its behavior and formation.
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History of applied Coal Petrology in the United States: I. Early history of the application of Coal petrography in the steel industry
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2000Co-Authors: Linda A.f Dutcher, John C. CrellingAbstract:Abstract In May of 1992, a seminar entitled “An Oral History of Applied Coal Petrography and the Triangle Run” was held at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, for the purpose of recording the personal accounts of four of the principal scientists involved in the initial application of Coal Petrology to the manufacture of metallurgical coke and subsequent developments. The four scientists included William F. Berry, Ralph J. Gray, William Spackman, and Richard R. Thompson. Under the direction of Dr. William Spackman, founder of the Coal Research Section at The Pennsylvania State University, innovative fundamental studies of the properties and thermal behavior of Coal and Coal macerals resulted in the development of integrated Coal and coke research programs and laboratories at US steel companies. These studies also stimulated the beginnings of a series of fruitful collaborations between industry and universities. Unique among these cooperative efforts was the free exchange of information that took place over a period of 25 years when scores of people interested in the practical applications of Coal Petrology traveled to confer with researchers and technicians at US Steel, Bethlehem Steel, and the Coal Research Section (the “triangle run”). Prof. Spackman's students, as well as students of other universities, became the developers and managers of company-specific petrographic classification and prediction systems used to control the quality of metallurgical coke and to formulate coking blends. These systems allowing each company to evaluate and utilize their own or other available Coals are still in use today.
Bruce Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the walloon subgroup surat basin queensland australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2007Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.
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Coal Petrology and Coal seam gas contents of the Walloon Subgroup — Surat Basin, Queensland, Australia
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006Co-Authors: Steven Scott, Bruce Anderson, Peter J. Crosdale, Julie Dingwall, Garry LeblangAbstract:Abstract Core, exploration and appraisal drilling over the last four years have targeted the Juandah (upper) and Taroom (lower) Coal Measures of the Middle Jurassic Walloon Subgroup of the Injune Creek Group. These wells have shown that the high-volatile bituminous, perhydrous Coals of the Walloon Subgroup have gas contents of between 1 and 14 m 3 /t and some wells have encountered gas flows at rates of over 30,000 m 3 /day. This recent work has confirmed the initial supposition that the Coals within the Walloon Subgroup contain sufficient quantities of gas to be economically viable as a Coal seam gas source. Coal volumes, depth and structure have also been confirmed from the initial work. What has become apparent during this work is the variability in gas content across each of the seams in the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures and the variability in Coal petrographic composition of these two units are controlled by many factors. What has also become apparent is that the Taroom Coal Measures have a lower average gas content than the overlying Juandah Coal Measures. The obvious conclusion is that the difference in gas content is related to a difference in Coal Petrology. Not only do the gas contents of these Coal intervals differ, their gas adsorption capacities also differ with the Taroom Coal Measures Coals displaying, on average, lower gas content and lower gas adsorption capabilities. Again the obvious cause would be Coal petrological differences, but the Juandah and Taroom Coal Measures Coals have similar maceral percentages. An understanding of the relationship between gas desorption, gas adsorption and Coal composition is vital in determining which areas in the basin offers the most economically viable targets for the commercialisation of Coal seam gas in the Surat Basin.