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David C. Glick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coal Sample preservation in foil multilaminate bags
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2005Co-Authors: David C. Glick, Gareth D. Mitchell, Alan DavisAbstract:Abstract An initial 1-year study on a bituminous Coal Sample indicated that storage under argon in heat-sealed 0.20-mm thick bags of laminated polyethylene, aluminum foil, and fibrous polyethylene preserved initial Sample properties better than conventional containers already in use. Continuation of the study over 14 years showed that this storage protocol preserves that Sample's initial properties very well. A 2-year comparison to Samples in flame-sealed glass ampoules showed comparable ability to preserve thermoplastic behavior. Thirty-three Samples in the Penn State Coal Sample Bank, collected since 1989 for the “Department of Energy Coal Sample” (DECS) series, are stored under argon at 3 °C in these bags. Selected Samples from this series have been analyzed periodically for up to 13 years; for the majority of the Samples, moisture, sulfate sulfur, and calorific value were maintained within ASTM reproducibility limits over the term of the tests. Gieseler fluid behavior (for Samples of appropriate rank) was maintained within the more narrow repeatability limits for at least several years. In some cases, trends suggest that the initial properties will be maintained indefinitely. An 8-year comparison of refrigerated to unrefrigerated storage has not yet shown significant differences.
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MAINTENANCE OF THE Coal Sample BANK AND DATABASE
1999Co-Authors: Alan W. Scaroni, Gareth D. Mitchell, David C. Glick, Patrick G Hatcher, Alan Davis, Daniel M. CarsonAbstract:This project generated and distributed Coal Samples and accompanying analytical data for use in research by DOE contractors and others. All activities specified under the five-year contract (as revised) and a six-month no-cost extension have been completed. Eleven DECS Samples were collected, processed to a variety of particle sizes, heat-sealed in foil laminate bags under argon, and placed in refrigerated storage. All were analyzed for basic chemical composition, inorganic major and trace element composition including hazardous air pollutant elements, petrographic composition and characteristics, thermoplastic behavior (if applicable), and other properties relevant to research and commercial utilization. Most were also analyzed by NMR, py/gc/ms, and a standardized liquefaction test; trends and relationships observed were evaluated and summarized. Twenty-two DECS Samples collected under the previous contract received further processing, and most of these were subjected to organic geochemical and standardized liquefaction tests as well. Selected DECS Samples were monitored annually to evaluate the effectiveness of foil laminate bags for preserving Samples in long-term storage. In addition to the 33 DECS Samples, 23 PSOC Samples collected under previous contracts and purged with argon before storage were also maintained and distributed, for a total of 56 Samples covered by the contract. During the 5.5 years, 570 Samples in 1,586 containers, 2,109 data printouts, and individual data items from 34,208 Samples were distributed. All DECS Samples are now available for distribution at minus 6 mm (-1/4 inch), minus 0.85 mm (-20 mesh U.S.), and minus 0.25 mm (-60 mesh U.S.).
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MAINTENANCE OF THE Coal Sample BANK AND DATABASE
1999Co-Authors: Alan W. Scaroni, David C. GlickAbstract:This project generated and provided Coal Samples and accompanying analytical data for research by DOE contractors and others. The five-year contract and a six-month no-cost extension have been completed. The Final Technical Progress Report is being prepared. All activities specified under the five-year contract and its six-month no-cost extension have been completed. Eleven DECS Samples were collected, processed to a variety of particle sizes, heat-sealed in foil laminate bags under argon, and placed in refrigerated storage. All were analyzed for basic chemical composition, inorganic major and trace element composition including hazardous air pollutant elements, petrographic composition and characteristics, thermoplastic behavior (if applicable), and other properties relevant to commercial utilization. Most were also analyzed by NMR, py/gc/ms, and a standardized liquefaction test; trends and relationships observed were evaluated and summarized. Twenty-two DECS Samples collected under the previous contract received further processing, and most of these were subjected to organic geochemical and standardized liquefaction tests as well. Selected DECS Samples were monitored annually to evaluate the effectiveness of foil laminate bags for long-term Sample storage. Twenty-three PSOC Samples collected under previous contracts and purged with argon before storage were also maintained and distributed, for a total of 56 Samples covered by the contract. During the contract, 804 Samples in 1586 containers, 2109 data printouts, and individual data items from 34208 Samples were distributed. In the subject quarter, 25 Samples, 18 data printouts, and individual data items from 1374 Samples were distributed. All DECS Samples are now available for immediate distribution at minus 6 mm (-1/4 inch), minus 0.85 mm (-20 mesh U.S.), and minus 0.25 mm (-60 mesh U.S.).
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MAINTENANCE OF THE Coal Sample BANK AND DATABASE
1998Co-Authors: Alan W. Scaroni, David C. GlickAbstract:This project provides Coal Samples and accompanying analytical data for research by DOE contractors and others. All 56 Samples have been purged with argon before storage, and the 33 Samples in the DECS series are heat-sealed in foil laminate bags and stored under refrigeration. Eleven DECS Samples have been collected under the current contract. Basic characterization, standardized liquefaction analyses and organic geochemical analyses have been completed. Distribution of Samples and data is continuing, with processing of Samples being performed as needed. Nineteen Samples, 90 data printouts, and individual data items from 416 Samples were distributed during the quarter. Trends and relationships observed in liquefaction and organic geochemical analyses performed under the contract are summarized in this report. Liquefaction results using tetralin were similar to those using 1-methylnaphthalene under the same run conditions. Properties of individual Coals, such as maceral composition and corresponding organic chemical components, were important in explaining liquefaction behavior. NMR and py/gc/ms results illustrated trends based on Coal rank, and revealed outliers which might be of special interest, for example low-phenolic Coals which limit retrogressive reactions and permit greater liquefaction conversion.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample Bank and Database.
1997Co-Authors: Alan Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This project provides Coal Samples and accompanying analytical data for research by DOE contractors and others. All 56 Samples have been purged with argon before storage, and the 33 Samples in the DECS series are heat-sealed in foil laminate bags and stored under refrigeration. Eleven DECS Samples have been collected under the current contract. The program of organic geochemical analyses for the contract was completed during the quarter, and its results (pyrolysis-GC/MS, and NMR spectroscopy by CPMAS and DDMAS) on 21 Samples as well as standardized liquefaction results on 28 Samples are summarized in this report. Samples and data continue to be distributed from the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database to other DOE contractors.
A. Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample bank and database. Quarterly progress report, April 1, 1996--June 30, 1996
1996Co-Authors: A. Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This five year project is intended to ensure the availability of well-characterized, high-quality Coal Samples for public and private Coal research. It continues support of the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database at The Pennsylvania State University. Eleven Coal Samples will be collected, processed, packaged, and analyzed, and a resulting database will be maintained. These Samples and data, as well as 45 Samples collected under previous contracts, will be distributed to DOE contractors and others performing Coal research. Samples will be chosen to maintain a Sample bank of 56 Coals representing the major U.S. Coal fields and a variety of Coal ranks and compositions. In addition to standard analyses, liquefaction tests and organic geochemical analyses will be performed. The Samples will be stored to minimize deterioration, and 10 Samples will be monitored annually by proximate, sulfur forms, and gaseous oxygen analysis to evaluate their condition. This report reflects the level of effort described in the revised work statement submitted to DOE on February 2, 1996, setting out a reduction in effort following a cut in the level of funding of the project.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample Bank and Database. Quarterly technical progress report, January 1, 1996--March 31, 1996
1996Co-Authors: A. Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This five year project is intended to ensure the availability of well- characterized, high-quality Coal Samples for public and private Coal research. It continues support of the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database at The Pennsylvania State University. Eleven Coal Samples will be collected, processed, packaged, and analyzed, and a resulting database will be maintained. These Samples and data, as well as 45 Samples collected under previous contracts, will be distributed to DOE contractors and others performing Coal research. Samples will be chosen to maintain a Sample bank of 56 Coals representing the major US Coal fields and a variety of Coal ranks and compositions. In addition to standard analyses, liquefaction tests and organic geochemical analyses will be performed. The Samples will be stored to minimize deterioration, and 10 Samples will be monitored annually by proximate, sulfur forms, and gaseous oxygen analysis to evaluate their condition. Technical progress is summarized for the following tasks: storage and inventory of Samples; monitoring of Sample quality; collection and processing of replacement Samples; basic characterization of Coal Samples; liquefaction testing; organic geochemistry (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy); distribution of Coal Samples to users; data entry; and distribution of data to users.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample bank and database. Quarterly report, October 1, 1995--December 31, 1995
1996Co-Authors: A. Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This five year project is intended to ensure the availability of well- characterized high-quality Coal Samples for public and private Coal research. It continues support of the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database at the Pennsylvania State University. Eleven Coal Samples will be collected, processed, packaged, and analyzed, and a resulting database will be maintained. these Samples and data, as well as 45 Samples collected under previous contract, will be distributed to DOE contractors and others performing Coal research. Samples will be chosen to maintain a Sample bank of 56 Coals representing the major U.S. Coal fields and a variety of Coal ranks and compositions. In addition to standard analyses, liquefaction tests and organic geochemical analyses will be performed. The Samples will be stored to minimize deterioration and 10 Samples will be monitored annually by proximate, sulfur forms, and gaseous oxygen analysis to evaluate their condition. This report describes the tasks performed during the period October 1, 1995 through December 31, 1995 including storage and inventory of Samples, monitoring of Sample quality and characterization of Coal Samples.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample bank and database. Quarterly technical progress report, April 1, 1995 --June 30, 1995
1995Co-Authors: A. Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This five year project is intended to ensure the availability of well-characterized, high-quality Coal Samples for public and private Coal research. It continues support of the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database at The Pennsylvania State University. Thirty Coal Samples will be collected, processed, packaged, and analyzed, and a resulting database will be maintained. These Samples and data, as well as 26 Samples collected under previous contracts, will be distributed to DOE contractors and others performing Coal research. Samples will be chosen to maintain a Sample bank of 56 Coals representing the major U.S. Coal fields and a variety of Coal ranks and compositions. In addition to standard analyses, liquefaction tests and organic geochemical analyses will be performed. The Samples will be stored to minimize deterioration, and will be monitored annually by proximate, sulfur forms, and gaseous oxygen analysis to evaluate their condition. These Samples will be used for additional research on the influence of changes in surface chemistry on surface properties, the influence of Sample deterioration on liquefaction properties, and the mechanisms of Coal oxidation. A revised work statement has been submitted to DOE, setting out a reduction in effort following a cut in the level of funding of the project.
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Maintenance of the Coal Sample bank and database. Quarterly technical progress report, July 1, 1994--September 30, 1994
1995Co-Authors: A. Davis, David C. GlickAbstract:This five year project is intended to ensure the availability of well-characterized, high-quality Coal Samples for public and private Coal research. it continues support of the DOE Coal Sample Bank and Database at The Pennsylvania State University. Thirty Coal Samples will be collected, processed, packaged, and analyzed, and a resulting database will be maintained. These Samples and data, as well as 26 Samples collected under previous contracts, will be distributed to DOE contractors and others performing Coal research. Samples will be chosen to maintain a Sample bank of 56 Coals representing the major US Coal fields and a variety of Coal ranks and compositions. In addition to standard analyses, liquefaction tests and organic geochemical analyses will be performed. The Samples will be stored to minimize deterioration, and will be monitored annually by proximate, sulfur forms, and gaseous oxygen analysis to evaluate their condition. These Samples will be used for additional research on the influence of changes in surface chemistry on surface properties, the influence of Sample deterioration on liquefaction properties, and the mechanisms of Coal oxidation.
Hengyi Jia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental Investigation on Strain Changes during CO2 Adsorption of Raw Coal Sample: Temperature and Effective Stress
Energies, 2021Co-Authors: Kai Wang, Fu Qichao, Xiang Zhang, Hengyi JiaAbstract:Through laboratory simulation experiments, this paper studies the influence of different temperature and stress conditions on strain changes of raw Coal Samples induced by the CO2 adsorption with tri-axial creep-seepage and adsorption-desorption experimental system. Comparing and analyzing the experimental results, the study shows that: (1) within a certain time, the axial and radial strain of the raw Coal Sample induced by CO2 adsorption both show a growing trend as the adsorption time increases and the strain of the raw Coal Sample for CO2 adsorption is obvious anisotropy; (2) at the same point in time, the greater the axial effective stress, the smaller the axial strain increasing rate of the loaded Coal Sample during CO2 adsorption process and the smaller the value of axial deformation; (3) during the adsorption process, the volume strain of raw Coal Sample decreases with the increasing of temperature, namely, the adsorption capacity of raw Coal Sample decreases with the increasing of temperature.
Chunguang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temperature influence on macro mechanics parameter of intact Coal Sample containing original gas from baijiao Coal mine in china
International journal of mining science and technology, 2013Co-Authors: Chunguang Wang, Xiaohu Zhang, Zhaoxia Liu, Tongbin ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Investigation of temperature effect on mechanical parameters of Coal is very important for understanding the mechanical response of Coal bed at high temperature. It is especially beneficial for mitigating the thermal-induced disasters occurred in those Coal mines suffering from heat hazard. In this work, Coal Samples, obtained from the No. 2442 working face of Baijiao Coal Mine, were subjected to uniaxial compression ranging from 20 to 40 °C with an interval of 5 °C. The apparatus used was designed to obtain deformation of a stressed Sample, as well as the emission of gases desorbing from Coal matrix. The adsorbed gas desorption caused by heating is measured during the entire testing. It is evident that the concentrations of releasing gas (containing methane, carbon dioxide and ethane) slightly rise with increasing temperature. Gas movement observed is closely related to the deformation of Coal Sample. Both uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of Coal Samples tend to reduce with temperature. It reveals that increasing temperature can not only result in thermal expansion of Coal, but also lead to desorption of preexisting gas in Coal which can in turns harden Coal due to shrinks of the Coal matrix. Even though desorption of adsorbed gas can contribute to the hardening effect for the heated Coal, by comparison to the results, it could be inferred that the softening of Coal resulted from thermal expansion still predominates changes in mechanical characters of Coal Sample with temperature at the range from 20 to 40 °C.
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experimental study on permeability of Coal Sample subjected to triaxial stresses
Procedia Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Kaihua Zeng, Chunguang WangAbstract:Abstract The permeability of Coal subjected to triaxial compression was investigated to relate it to the change of stresses state, analogous to mining-induced redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock. Results show that the permeability of Coal Sample under triaxial compression tends to decrease with the increase in stress in each loading direction, which indicates that permeability of the Coal is actually controlled by the evolution of cracks in the Coals. It also means that the orientation of cleats and maximum principle stress could significantly controls the permeability of intact Coal. In other words, loading stress vertical to face cleats can be much easier to narrow the aperture of face cleats of the intact Coal Sample. Besides, the broken Coal Sample under higher stress level shows higher permeability than that of the intact Coal under lower stress environment. That is partly because that the higher stress level is applied, the more likely the broken Coal is to crush, which can contribute to the formation of the connected crack and in turns increase the permeability of Coal.
Yang Bai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Methane adsorption thermodynamics of Coal Sample subjected to liquid nitrogen freezing–thawing process
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 1Co-Authors: Hai-fei Lin, Min Yan, Hang Long, Chi-min Shu, Yang BaiAbstract:A B S T R A C T In order to explore the characteristics and thermodynamic parameters of methane (CH4) adsorption in Coal Sample subjected to liquid nitrogen (LN2) freezing–thawing. The adsorption experiments of Coal Sample unfrozen, 5 cycles frozen, and 10 cycles frozen were conducted with the temperature range of 313–353 K at 10 K intervals. The influence of freezing–thawing on the adsorption amounts and thermodynamic parameters of CH4 adsorbed by Coal Sample were quantitatively compared. Electron microscope scanning (SEM) were carried out to analyse the pores structure distribution on the Coal Sample surface. The changes of pore structure on the Coal Sample surface under different freezing–thawing cycles were counted. The results showed that, the adsorption amounts of CH4 were positively correlated with the cycles of freezing–thawing. The standard adsorption enthalpy Hθ, the standard adsorption Gibbs free energy Gθ, and the standard adsorption entropy Sθ, isosteric heat of adsorption, and mean isosteric heat of adsorption all increased with the cycles of freezing–thawing. The freezing–thawing of LN2 was observed to saliently enhance the spontaneity and heat-transfer effect of adsorption process. The freezing–thawing of LN2 can effectively change the pores structure of the Coal Sample surface, and pores size presented a normal distribution. The study of adsorption characteristics and pore changes can provide reference for the technology development with LN2 cracked Coal Sample for enhancing Coal bed methane (CBM) drainage.