The Experts below are selected from a list of 8079 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Miguel Esteban - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Disaster awareness in three low risk Coastal communities in puerto princesa city palawan philippines
International journal of disaster risk reduction, 2020Co-Authors: Ven Paolo Valenzuela, Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Nguyen Danh Thao, Motoharu OnukiAbstract:Abstract The Philippines is highly exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards. As a result, the country has an extensive Disaster risk database that consists of different hazard and risk maps to be used as reference in creating development plans. However, some communities are in relatively low risk zones, such as those in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan (with many inhabitants of the city believing it to be safe). This study seeks to ascertain how Disaster risk is understood in Coastal areas that are only slightly susceptible to natural hazards, in order to provide strategies to improve Disaster risk governance. The study validated national data on Coastal Disaster risk through a topographical survey, questionnaire surveys, and group interviews (in March 2016 and 2017) to understand whether residents knew the risks they are exposed to. The research found that national data reflects local conditions but community members do not have a clear understanding of the risks, particularly Coastal hazards. Moreover, the research found that there has been a recent Disaster event, though it was not properly archived and transmitted to the next generation. Thus, there is a need to raise awareness to correctly explain and transmit knowledge about potential hazards even in communities that have relatively lower Disaster risk.
-
Challenges in Build-Back-Better Housing Reconstruction Programs for Coastal Disaster Management: Case of Tacloban City, Philippines
Coastal Engineering Journal, 2016Co-Authors: James Michael Ong, Miguel Esteban, Ma. Laurice Jamero, Riki Honda, Motoharu OnukiAbstract:Following typhoon Haiyan in November 2013, the government of the Philippines organized massive housing reconstruction programs that are currently facing complex implementation issues. The present s...
-
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners
2015Co-Authors: Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Tomoya ShibayamaAbstract:The world's population is expected to increase to over 8 billion by 2020. About 60% of the total population of the world lives in Coastal areas and 65% of the cities with a population of over 2.5 million are located in Coastal areas. Written by an international panel of experts in the fields of engineering and risk management, The Handbook of Coastal Disasters Mitigation presents a coherent overview of 10 years of Coastal Disaster risk management and engineering, during which some of the most relevant events of recent time have taken place, including the Indian Ocean tsunami, hurricanes Katrina and Sandy in the United States or the 2011 Japanese tsunami. * International case studies offer practical lessons on how Disaster resilience can be improved in the future* Contains tools and techniques for analyzing and managing the risk of Coastal Disasters* Provides engineering measures for mitigating Coastal vulnerability to tsunamis, tropical cyclones, and hurricanes * Includes crucial tactics for rehabilitation and reconstruction of the infrastructure
-
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners - Adaptation to Sea Level Rise in Tokyo Bay
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners, 2015Co-Authors: Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Tomoya Shibayama, Takahito Mikami, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, Sayaka Hoshino, María José Ruiz-fuentes, Mathijs Van LeddenAbstract:Abstract The combined effect of an increase in typhoon intensity and sea level rise could pose significant challenges to Coastal defences around Tokyo Bay. In the present chapter the authors determined the storm surge that could result from an increase in typhoon intensity around Tokyo Bay around the turn of the twenty-first century. This was then combined with a variety of sea level rise scenarios to obtain potential water levels for a 1 in 100 year design storm in the year 2100. The results show that the various settlements around Tokyo Bay, and particularly those along the low-lying areas in the Koto delta in Tokyo, are at considerable risk of storm surges and sea level rise in the future. If these defences are breached the potential direct economic consequences would be significant, potentially in excess of 100 trillion yen (around 0.92 trillion USD or 0.72 trillion euros, or 20% of the current GDP of Japan), with the indirect costs likely to be even greater. As a result it is likely that sea defences will have to be strengthened around Tokyo Bay in the future, which could cost in the order of 370 bn yen to defend against a 1 in 100 year storm by the year 2100. Alternatively, a storm surge barrier could be built, which would cost in the range of 700-800 bn yen, though such a structure could raise the protection level and cope with a 1 in 500 year storm, amongst other benefits.
Motoharu Onuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Disaster awareness in three low risk Coastal communities in puerto princesa city palawan philippines
International journal of disaster risk reduction, 2020Co-Authors: Ven Paolo Valenzuela, Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Nguyen Danh Thao, Motoharu OnukiAbstract:Abstract The Philippines is highly exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards. As a result, the country has an extensive Disaster risk database that consists of different hazard and risk maps to be used as reference in creating development plans. However, some communities are in relatively low risk zones, such as those in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan (with many inhabitants of the city believing it to be safe). This study seeks to ascertain how Disaster risk is understood in Coastal areas that are only slightly susceptible to natural hazards, in order to provide strategies to improve Disaster risk governance. The study validated national data on Coastal Disaster risk through a topographical survey, questionnaire surveys, and group interviews (in March 2016 and 2017) to understand whether residents knew the risks they are exposed to. The research found that national data reflects local conditions but community members do not have a clear understanding of the risks, particularly Coastal hazards. Moreover, the research found that there has been a recent Disaster event, though it was not properly archived and transmitted to the next generation. Thus, there is a need to raise awareness to correctly explain and transmit knowledge about potential hazards even in communities that have relatively lower Disaster risk.
-
Challenges in Build-Back-Better Housing Reconstruction Programs for Coastal Disaster Management: Case of Tacloban City, Philippines
Coastal Engineering Journal, 2016Co-Authors: James Michael Ong, Miguel Esteban, Ma. Laurice Jamero, Riki Honda, Motoharu OnukiAbstract:Following typhoon Haiyan in November 2013, the government of the Philippines organized massive housing reconstruction programs that are currently facing complex implementation issues. The present s...
Masayuki Kawahihashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Soil hardness regulates the root penetration by trees planted on anthropogenic growing bases in Coastal forests in Japan: new endeavors to reforest the Coastal Disaster prevention forests with high resilience for tsunami
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2020Co-Authors: Kenji Ono, Hironori Noguchi, Kyotaro Noguchi, Akihiro Imaya, Yuichi Ugawa, Akane Komoriya, Ryuichi Tachibana, Hisanori Murakami, Kimihiro Kida, Masayuki KawahihashiAbstract:Purpose To restore the Disaster resilience of Coastal forests in tsunami-prone areas, growing bases have been artificially constructed with embanking before afforestation to increase the effective soil depth and allow deeper root system development. The aim of the present study was to describe and record the soil features of these anthropogenic growing bases and root development within them to provide guidance on their construction and comprehensively evaluate their potential for Disaster resilience. Materials and methods Soil surveys including root excavation were conducted on anthropogenic growing bases in Coastal forests including seaside parks in the Kanto and Tohoku regions of Japan. All of the soils assessed were classified as “Spolic (Subaquatic)” or “Urbic” Technosols because they contained artefacts with large amounts of industrial soil materials in their profiles. Soil samples were taken from each horizon in the soil profiles using 400-ml and/or 100-ml cylinders, and the undisturbed cylinder samples were then analyzed to determine the bulk density, water permeability, and porosity of the soils at each site. The vertical distribution of soil hardness in the anthropogenic growing bases was also measured using a dynamic cone penetrometer. Results and discussion Some of the growing bases were generally soft with high water permeability, indicating that soil improvements such as deep tillage were quite effective for building suitable growing bases. Notably, some vestiges of pedogenic processes would be partly recognized throughout the soil profile of an old growing base after construction. However, some embankments had serious issues in the growing base soil, including thick and continuous planar consolidated pan layers with quite low permeability and vestiges of strong gleyzation in their profiles. These poor soil conditions inhibited plant growth, particularly of the below ground roots, and remained in the growing bases for a long time. Conclusions The study indicated quantitatively that (1) the physical properties of anthropogenic soils constructed using heavy machinery could be maintained for several decades, and (2) compaction should be avoided during soil preparation to avoid soil hardening, water stagnation, and hindrance of root penetration. Although these findings unfortunately lack quantitative consideration of the requirements for stabilizing embankments, they reinforce awareness of the difficulty of constructing anthropogenic soils to foster the growth of trees and provide sufficient strength for embanked foundations. This topic requires further study.
Hiroshi Takagi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Disaster awareness in three low risk Coastal communities in puerto princesa city palawan philippines
International journal of disaster risk reduction, 2020Co-Authors: Ven Paolo Valenzuela, Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Nguyen Danh Thao, Motoharu OnukiAbstract:Abstract The Philippines is highly exposed and vulnerable to natural hazards. As a result, the country has an extensive Disaster risk database that consists of different hazard and risk maps to be used as reference in creating development plans. However, some communities are in relatively low risk zones, such as those in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan (with many inhabitants of the city believing it to be safe). This study seeks to ascertain how Disaster risk is understood in Coastal areas that are only slightly susceptible to natural hazards, in order to provide strategies to improve Disaster risk governance. The study validated national data on Coastal Disaster risk through a topographical survey, questionnaire surveys, and group interviews (in March 2016 and 2017) to understand whether residents knew the risks they are exposed to. The research found that national data reflects local conditions but community members do not have a clear understanding of the risks, particularly Coastal hazards. Moreover, the research found that there has been a recent Disaster event, though it was not properly archived and transmitted to the next generation. Thus, there is a need to raise awareness to correctly explain and transmit knowledge about potential hazards even in communities that have relatively lower Disaster risk.
-
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners
2015Co-Authors: Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Tomoya ShibayamaAbstract:The world's population is expected to increase to over 8 billion by 2020. About 60% of the total population of the world lives in Coastal areas and 65% of the cities with a population of over 2.5 million are located in Coastal areas. Written by an international panel of experts in the fields of engineering and risk management, The Handbook of Coastal Disasters Mitigation presents a coherent overview of 10 years of Coastal Disaster risk management and engineering, during which some of the most relevant events of recent time have taken place, including the Indian Ocean tsunami, hurricanes Katrina and Sandy in the United States or the 2011 Japanese tsunami. * International case studies offer practical lessons on how Disaster resilience can be improved in the future* Contains tools and techniques for analyzing and managing the risk of Coastal Disasters* Provides engineering measures for mitigating Coastal vulnerability to tsunamis, tropical cyclones, and hurricanes * Includes crucial tactics for rehabilitation and reconstruction of the infrastructure
-
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners - Adaptation to Sea Level Rise in Tokyo Bay
Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners, 2015Co-Authors: Miguel Esteban, Hiroshi Takagi, Tomoya Shibayama, Takahito Mikami, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, Sayaka Hoshino, María José Ruiz-fuentes, Mathijs Van LeddenAbstract:Abstract The combined effect of an increase in typhoon intensity and sea level rise could pose significant challenges to Coastal defences around Tokyo Bay. In the present chapter the authors determined the storm surge that could result from an increase in typhoon intensity around Tokyo Bay around the turn of the twenty-first century. This was then combined with a variety of sea level rise scenarios to obtain potential water levels for a 1 in 100 year design storm in the year 2100. The results show that the various settlements around Tokyo Bay, and particularly those along the low-lying areas in the Koto delta in Tokyo, are at considerable risk of storm surges and sea level rise in the future. If these defences are breached the potential direct economic consequences would be significant, potentially in excess of 100 trillion yen (around 0.92 trillion USD or 0.72 trillion euros, or 20% of the current GDP of Japan), with the indirect costs likely to be even greater. As a result it is likely that sea defences will have to be strengthened around Tokyo Bay in the future, which could cost in the order of 370 bn yen to defend against a 1 in 100 year storm by the year 2100. Alternatively, a storm surge barrier could be built, which would cost in the range of 700-800 bn yen, though such a structure could raise the protection level and cope with a 1 in 500 year storm, amongst other benefits.
Kenji Ono - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Soil hardness regulates the root penetration by trees planted on anthropogenic growing bases in Coastal forests in Japan: new endeavors to reforest the Coastal Disaster prevention forests with high resilience for tsunami
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2020Co-Authors: Kenji Ono, Hironori Noguchi, Kyotaro Noguchi, Akihiro Imaya, Yuichi Ugawa, Akane Komoriya, Ryuichi Tachibana, Hisanori Murakami, Kimihiro Kida, Masayuki KawahihashiAbstract:Purpose To restore the Disaster resilience of Coastal forests in tsunami-prone areas, growing bases have been artificially constructed with embanking before afforestation to increase the effective soil depth and allow deeper root system development. The aim of the present study was to describe and record the soil features of these anthropogenic growing bases and root development within them to provide guidance on their construction and comprehensively evaluate their potential for Disaster resilience. Materials and methods Soil surveys including root excavation were conducted on anthropogenic growing bases in Coastal forests including seaside parks in the Kanto and Tohoku regions of Japan. All of the soils assessed were classified as “Spolic (Subaquatic)” or “Urbic” Technosols because they contained artefacts with large amounts of industrial soil materials in their profiles. Soil samples were taken from each horizon in the soil profiles using 400-ml and/or 100-ml cylinders, and the undisturbed cylinder samples were then analyzed to determine the bulk density, water permeability, and porosity of the soils at each site. The vertical distribution of soil hardness in the anthropogenic growing bases was also measured using a dynamic cone penetrometer. Results and discussion Some of the growing bases were generally soft with high water permeability, indicating that soil improvements such as deep tillage were quite effective for building suitable growing bases. Notably, some vestiges of pedogenic processes would be partly recognized throughout the soil profile of an old growing base after construction. However, some embankments had serious issues in the growing base soil, including thick and continuous planar consolidated pan layers with quite low permeability and vestiges of strong gleyzation in their profiles. These poor soil conditions inhibited plant growth, particularly of the below ground roots, and remained in the growing bases for a long time. Conclusions The study indicated quantitatively that (1) the physical properties of anthropogenic soils constructed using heavy machinery could be maintained for several decades, and (2) compaction should be avoided during soil preparation to avoid soil hardening, water stagnation, and hindrance of root penetration. Although these findings unfortunately lack quantitative consideration of the requirements for stabilizing embankments, they reinforce awareness of the difficulty of constructing anthropogenic soils to foster the growth of trees and provide sufficient strength for embanked foundations. This topic requires further study.
-
effects of row deep tillage for the growth base formed by piling up soil in damp lowlands behind Coastal sand dunes to construct Coastal Disaster prevention forest belts on the kujukuri coastline japan
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Kenji Ono, Hironori Noguchi, Kyotaro Noguchi, Akihiro Imaya, Akane Komoriya, Ryuichi Tachibana, Satoru Suzuki, Hiroaki HaginoAbstract:ABSTRACTTo successfully afforest Coastal forest belts ensuring high Disaster prevention, growth bases for them have been constructed by piling up soil in the low wetlands along the Kujukuri coastline. Ground surfaces in such bases are often covered with water because of soil compaction, leaving them susceptible to stagnant water. Water stagnation in soil is problematic, potentially interfering with afforesting Coastal forests. Therefore, row deep tillage was conducted for parts of growth bases to combat the poor physical properties of the existing soil. Here, we surveyed soil profiles and measured vertical soil hardness distribution in two forest stands with piling up soil to evaluate the effectiveness of tillage for man-made soil. Soil hardness measurements indicated that the vertical areas with ‘soft’ and ‘hard/consolidated’ soil alternately appeared in growth base profiles. Generally, soil of the dense and very hard layers was apt to be formed by strong compaction of the filled-up soil because of heavy...