The Experts below are selected from a list of 35139 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Loku Pulukkuttige Jayatissa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shelter from the storm? Use and misuse of Coastal Vegetation bioshields for managing natural disasters
Conservation Letters, 2010Co-Authors: Rusty A. Feagin, Nibedita Mukherjee, Joshua Cinner, Aarthi Sridhar, Alexander M. Kerr, Karuna Shanker, Andrew H Baird, Rohan Arthur, Nico Koedam, Loku Pulukkuttige JayatissaAbstract:Vegetated Coastal ecosystems provide goods and services to billions of people. In the aftermath of a series of recent natural disasters, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina and Cyclone Nargis, Coastal Vegetation has been widely promoted for the purpose of reducing the impact of large storm surges and tsunami. In this paper, we review the use of Coastal Vegetation as a "bioshield" against these extreme events. Our objective is to alter bioshield policy and reduce the long-term negative consequences for biodiversity and human capital. We begin with an overview of the scientific literature, in particular focusing on studies published since the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and discuss the science of wave attenuation by Vegetation. We then explore case studies from the Indian subcontinent and evaluate the detrimental impacts bioshield plantations can have upon native ecosystems, drawing a distinction between Coastal restoration and the introduction of exotic species in inappropriate locations. Finally, we place bioshield policies into a political context, and outline a new direction for Coastal Vegetation policy and research
Hans D Osthoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emissions of c9 c16 hydrocarbons from kelp species on vancouver island alaria marginata winged kelp and nereocystis luetkeana bull kelp as an atmospheric source of limonene
Atmospheric Environment: X, 2019Co-Authors: Travis W Tokarek, Duncan K Brownsey, Nick Jordan, Natasha M Garner, Connie Z Ye, Hans D OsthoffAbstract:Abstract In this paper, measurements of C9 – C16 biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the headspaces above near-shore marine Vegetation samples of Fucus gardneri (rock weed), Ulva spp. (sea lettuce), Callophyllis spp. (red sea fans), Alaria marginata (winged kelp), and Nereocystis luetkeana (bull kelp) collected on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, are presented. Numerous BVOCs were observed in the headspace samples, including n-alkanes (e.g., n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane and n-pentadecane) and oxygenated hydrocarbons (e.g., octanal, nonanal, geranyl acetone, and 6-methyl-hepten-2-one), though the majority of VOCs emitted was not identified. The emissions from Ulva spp., Callophyllis spp. and F. gardneri samples contained a similar assortment of n-alkanes and oxygenated BVOCs (e.g., n-aldehydes) as observed at Mace Head, Ireland, whereas the headspaces above N. luetkeana and A. marginata contained monoterpenes, foremost limonene, and toluene. Further studies are needed to constrain emissions of BVOCs from near-Coastal Vegetation as they have the potential to substantially impact Coastal O3 budgets and the organic content of marine derived aerosol.
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Emissions of C9 – C16 hydrocarbons from kelp species on Vancouver Island: Alaria marginata (winged kelp) and Nereocystis luetkeana (bull kelp) as an atmospheric source of limonene
Atmospheric Environment: X, 2019Co-Authors: Travis W Tokarek, Duncan K Brownsey, Nick Jordan, Natasha M Garner, Connie Z Ye, Hans D OsthoffAbstract:Abstract In this paper, measurements of C9 – C16 biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the headspaces above near-shore marine Vegetation samples of Fucus gardneri (rock weed), Ulva spp. (sea lettuce), Callophyllis spp. (red sea fans), Alaria marginata (winged kelp), and Nereocystis luetkeana (bull kelp) collected on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, are presented. Numerous BVOCs were observed in the headspace samples, including n-alkanes (e.g., n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane and n-pentadecane) and oxygenated hydrocarbons (e.g., octanal, nonanal, geranyl acetone, and 6-methyl-hepten-2-one), though the majority of VOCs emitted was not identified. The emissions from Ulva spp., Callophyllis spp. and F. gardneri samples contained a similar assortment of n-alkanes and oxygenated BVOCs (e.g., n-aldehydes) as observed at Mace Head, Ireland, whereas the headspaces above N. luetkeana and A. marginata contained monoterpenes, foremost limonene, and toluene. Further studies are needed to constrain emissions of BVOCs from near-Coastal Vegetation as they have the potential to substantially impact Coastal O3 budgets and the organic content of marine derived aerosol.
Alexander M. Kerr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shelter from the storm? Use and misuse of Coastal Vegetation bioshields for managing natural disasters
Conservation Letters, 2010Co-Authors: Rusty A. Feagin, Nibedita Mukherjee, Joshua Cinner, Aarthi Sridhar, Alexander M. Kerr, Karuna Shanker, Andrew H Baird, Rohan Arthur, Nico Koedam, Loku Pulukkuttige JayatissaAbstract:Vegetated Coastal ecosystems provide goods and services to billions of people. In the aftermath of a series of recent natural disasters, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina and Cyclone Nargis, Coastal Vegetation has been widely promoted for the purpose of reducing the impact of large storm surges and tsunami. In this paper, we review the use of Coastal Vegetation as a "bioshield" against these extreme events. Our objective is to alter bioshield policy and reduce the long-term negative consequences for biodiversity and human capital. We begin with an overview of the scientific literature, in particular focusing on studies published since the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and discuss the science of wave attenuation by Vegetation. We then explore case studies from the Indian subcontinent and evaluate the detrimental impacts bioshield plantations can have upon native ecosystems, drawing a distinction between Coastal restoration and the introduction of exotic species in inappropriate locations. Finally, we place bioshield policies into a political context, and outline a new direction for Coastal Vegetation policy and research
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comments on Coastal mangrove forests mitigated tsunami by k kathiresan and n rajendran estuar coast shelf sci 65 2005 601 606
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2006Co-Authors: Alexander M. Kerr, Andrew H Baird, Stuart J CampbellAbstract:In a paper published recently in the journal Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Kathiresan and Rajendran (2005) present a "case study on the mitigating effect of mangroves on human lives against tsunami." They use simple linear regressions to identify factors responsible for differences in per-capita mortality between 18 Coastal hamlets in Tamil Nadu, India in the wake of the Boxing Day Tsunami of 2004. They find that mortality is significantly associated with hamlet elevation, distance from sea and the area of Coastal frontage given to Vegetation. From these analyses, they primarily conclude that "human habitation should be encouraged...behind dense mangroves and or other Coastal Vegetation." This is a potentially important finding and, if true, could save many lives in future. However, we have found several fundamental errors in their statistical analysis that undermine their main conclusion. We discuss these issues below.
Katie K Arkema - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coastal habitats shield people and property from sea level rise and storms
Nature Climate Change, 2013Co-Authors: Katie K Arkema, Greg Guannel, Gregory Verutes, Spencer A Wood, Anne D Guerry, Mary Ruckelshaus, Peter Kareiva, Martin Lacayo, Jessica M SilverAbstract:Extreme weather, sea-level rise and degraded Coastal ecosystems are placing people and property at greater risk of damage from Coastal hazards 1‐5 . The likelihood and magnitude of losses may be reduced by intact reefs and Coastal Vegetation 1 , especially when those habitats fringe vulnerable communities and infrastructure. Using five sea-level-rise scenarios, we calculate a hazard index for every 1 km 2 of the United States coastline. We use this index to identify the most vulnerable people and property as indicated by being in the upper quartile of hazard for the nation’s coastline. The number of people, poor families, elderly and total value of residential property that are most exposed to hazards can be reduced by half if existing Coastal habitats remain fully intact. Coastal habitats defend the greatest number of people and total property value in Florida, New York and California. Our analyses deliver the first national map of risk reduction owing to natural habitats and indicates where conservation and restoration of reefs and Vegetation have the greatest potential to protect Coastal communities. Globally, Coastal flooding and sea level are expected to increase significantly by mid-century, with potentially severe consequences for Coastal populations around the world 6 . In the United States
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quantifying wave attenuation to inform Coastal habitat conservation
Ecosphere, 2013Co-Authors: Greg Guannel, Malin L Pinsky, Katie K ArkemaAbstract:Coastal Vegetation can protect people and property from erosion and flooding, potentially providing a win-win solution for conservation and development. However, the conditions under which natural habitats provide protection have been controversial, partly because the geomorphic, ecological, and hydrodynamic factors that determine wave attenuation vary greatly among locations, times, and studies. We re-analyzed existing wave attenuation studies in kelp, mangrove, marsh and seagrass habitats and found that much of the variation in wave attenuation can be explained by differences in Vegetation characteristics and by the change in bulk drag with flow conditions. We found that Vegetation can exert substantial drag on passing waves, but that the bulk drag coefficient declines in flow conditions characterized by high Reynolds numbers. This decline is important because storm conditions are highly turbulent (typical Reynolds numbers are greater than 104), and we lack empirical measurements of bulk drag coefficients from such conditions. Failing to account for the decline can over-estimate wave attenuation in storms by 19% to 1600%. These results suggest that larger habitat areas will need to be set aside for Coastal protection than previously thought. Our approach provides predictions for designing practical habitat conservation and restoration plans that also protect humans and property from flooding and erosion.
Andrew H Baird - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shelter from the storm? Use and misuse of Coastal Vegetation bioshields for managing natural disasters
Conservation Letters, 2010Co-Authors: Rusty A. Feagin, Nibedita Mukherjee, Joshua Cinner, Aarthi Sridhar, Alexander M. Kerr, Karuna Shanker, Andrew H Baird, Rohan Arthur, Nico Koedam, Loku Pulukkuttige JayatissaAbstract:Vegetated Coastal ecosystems provide goods and services to billions of people. In the aftermath of a series of recent natural disasters, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina and Cyclone Nargis, Coastal Vegetation has been widely promoted for the purpose of reducing the impact of large storm surges and tsunami. In this paper, we review the use of Coastal Vegetation as a "bioshield" against these extreme events. Our objective is to alter bioshield policy and reduce the long-term negative consequences for biodiversity and human capital. We begin with an overview of the scientific literature, in particular focusing on studies published since the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and discuss the science of wave attenuation by Vegetation. We then explore case studies from the Indian subcontinent and evaluate the detrimental impacts bioshield plantations can have upon native ecosystems, drawing a distinction between Coastal restoration and the introduction of exotic species in inappropriate locations. Finally, we place bioshield policies into a political context, and outline a new direction for Coastal Vegetation policy and research
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comments on Coastal mangrove forests mitigated tsunami by k kathiresan and n rajendran estuar coast shelf sci 65 2005 601 606
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2006Co-Authors: Alexander M. Kerr, Andrew H Baird, Stuart J CampbellAbstract:In a paper published recently in the journal Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Kathiresan and Rajendran (2005) present a "case study on the mitigating effect of mangroves on human lives against tsunami." They use simple linear regressions to identify factors responsible for differences in per-capita mortality between 18 Coastal hamlets in Tamil Nadu, India in the wake of the Boxing Day Tsunami of 2004. They find that mortality is significantly associated with hamlet elevation, distance from sea and the area of Coastal frontage given to Vegetation. From these analyses, they primarily conclude that "human habitation should be encouraged...behind dense mangroves and or other Coastal Vegetation." This is a potentially important finding and, if true, could save many lives in future. However, we have found several fundamental errors in their statistical analysis that undermine their main conclusion. We discuss these issues below.