The Experts below are selected from a list of 16722 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hisao Nakamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Coconut Oil diesel fuel blend
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2001Co-Authors: H T C Machacon, Seiichi Shiga, Takao Karasawa, Hisao NakamuraAbstract:Abstract The objective of the present study is to reveal the effects of pure Coconut Oil and Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blends on the performance and emissions of a direct injection diesel engine. Operation of the test engine with pure Coconut Oil and Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blends for a wide range of engine load conditions was shown to be successful even without engine modifications. It was also shown that increasing the amount of Coconut Oil in the Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blend resulted in lower smoke and NOx emissions. However, this resulted in an increase in the BSFC. This was attributed to the lower heating value of neat Coconut Oil fuel compared to diesel fuel.
Murray Skeaff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Coconut Oil butter and safflower Oil on lipids and lipoproteins in persons with moderately elevated cholesterol levels
Journal of Lipid Research, 1995Co-Authors: John J Mann, Alexandra Chisholm, Wayne H F Sutherland, Murray SkeaffAbstract:The physiological effects of Coconut Oil, butter, and safflower Oil on lipids and lipoproteins have been com- pared in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals. Twenty eight participants (13 men, 15 women) followed three 6-week experimental diets of similar macronutrient distribu- tion with the different test fats providing 50% total dietaq fat. Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher (P < 0.001) on the diet containing butter (6.8 f 0.9, 4.5 * 0.8 mmol/l) (mean f SD), respectively than on the Coconut Oil diet (6.4 * 0.8 4.2 * 0.7 mmol/l) when levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than on the saf- flower diet (6.1 f 0.8; 3.9 f 0.7 mmol/l). Findings with regard to the other measures of lipids and lipoproteins were less consistent. Apolipoprotein A-I was significantly higher on Coconut Oil (157 f 17 mg/dl) and on butter (141 f 23 mg/dl) than on safflower Oil (132 * 22 mg/dl). Apolipoprotein B was also higher on butter (86 f 20 mg/dl) and Coconut Oil (91 * 32 mg/dl) than on safflower Oil (77 * 19 mg/dl). However gender differences were apparent. In the group as a whole, high density lipoprotein did not differ significantly on the three diets whereas levels in women on the butter and coco- nut Oil diet were significantly higher than on the safflower Oil diet. Triacylglycerol was higher on the butter diet than on the safflower and Coconut Oil diets but the difference only reached statistical significance in women. Cholesteryl ester transfer activity was significantly higher on butter than saf- flower Oil in the group as a whole and in women. Thus, despite similar total saturated fatty acid composition and a higher total percentage of the cholesterolelevating fatty acids (lauric, myristic and palmitic acids) in the Coconut Oil diet compared with the butter diet, levels of total and low density 1 oprotein cholesterol were lower on the Coconut Oil diet 3 The data provide confirmation that butter, a source of fat rich in palmitic acid, has a greater hypercholesterolemic ef- fect than Coconut Oil that is rich in lauric acid.-Cox, C., J. Mann, W. Sutherland, A. Chishoh, and M. Skeaff. Effects of Coconut Oil, butter, and safflower Oil on lipids and lipopro- teins in persons with moderately elevated cholesterol levels. J. Lipid Res. 1995. 36: 1787-1795.
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effects of Coconut Oil butter and safflower Oil on lipids and lipoproteins in persons with moderately elevated cholesterol levels
Journal of Lipid Research, 1995Co-Authors: C Cox, Wayne H F Sutherland, Jim Mann, Alex Chisholm, Murray SkeaffAbstract:The physiological effects of Coconut Oil, butter, and safflower Oil on lipids and lipoproteins have been compared in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals. Twenty eight participants (13 men, 15 women) followed three 6-week experimental diets of similar macronutrient distribution with the different test fats providing 50% total dietary fat. Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher (P < 0.001) on the diet containing butter [6.8 +/- 0.9, 4.5 +/- 0.8 mmol/l] (mean +/- SD), respectively than on the Coconut Oil diet (6.4 +/- 0.8; 4.2 +/- 0.7 mmol/l) when levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than on the safflower diet (6.1 +/- 0.8; 3.9 +/- 0.7 mmol/l). Findings with regard to the other measures of lipids and lipoproteins were less consistent. Apolipoprotein A-I was significantly higher on Coconut Oil (157 +/- 17 mg/dl) and on butter (141 +/- 23 mg/dl) than on safflower Oil (132 +/- 22 mg/dl). Apolipoprotein B was also higher on butter (86 +/- 20 mg/dl) and Coconut Oil (91 +/- 32 mg/dl) than on safflower Oil (77 +/- 19 mg/dl). However gender differences were apparent. In the group as a whole, high density lipoprotein did not differ significantly on the three diets whereas levels in women on the butter and Coconut Oil diet were significantly higher than on the safflower Oil diet. Triacylglycerol was higher on the butter diet than on the safflower and Coconut Oil diets but the difference only reached statistical significance in women. Cholesteryl ester transfer activity was significantly higher on butter than safflower Oil in the group as a whole and in women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
H T C Machacon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Coconut Oil diesel fuel blend
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2001Co-Authors: H T C Machacon, Seiichi Shiga, Takao Karasawa, Hisao NakamuraAbstract:Abstract The objective of the present study is to reveal the effects of pure Coconut Oil and Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blends on the performance and emissions of a direct injection diesel engine. Operation of the test engine with pure Coconut Oil and Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blends for a wide range of engine load conditions was shown to be successful even without engine modifications. It was also shown that increasing the amount of Coconut Oil in the Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blend resulted in lower smoke and NOx emissions. However, this resulted in an increase in the BSFC. This was attributed to the lower heating value of neat Coconut Oil fuel compared to diesel fuel.
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The effect of Coconut Oil and diesel fuel blends on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions
JSAE Review, 2001Co-Authors: H T C MachaconAbstract:Abstract The effect of a Coconut Oil as diesel fuel alternatives or as direct fuel blends are investigated using a single-cylinder, direct-injection diesel engine. The spray characteristics in terms of the mean droplet diameter of these fuels were measured with a phase Doppler Anemometer. Operation of the test engine with the pure Coconut Oil and Coconut Oil–diesel fuel blends for a wide range of engine operating conditions was shown to be successful even without any engine modification. Results show that neat Coconut Oil fuels gave lower smoke and NOx emissions.
M A Kalam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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property development of fatty acid methyl ester from waste Coconut Oil as engine fuel
Industrial Crops and Products, 2016Co-Authors: M A Kalam, M M Rashed, H K Imdadul, H H MasjukiAbstract:Abstract The properties, performance, and exhaust emissions of a four-cylinder indirect injection diesel engine fueled by FAME from waste Coconut Oil was evaluated in this study. Polymerization and carbon deposits on fuel-injector nozzles were also monitored. Ordinary diesel (OD) Oil was used as a benchmark for comparison purposes. Tests included measuring high heating value, kinematic viscosity, specific density, cetane index, pour point, flash point, and Conradson carbon residue. Results showed that, the high calorific value decreased with increased Coconut Oil in Coconut-Oil blends. On average, the calorific value of all Coconut-Oil blends were about 6% lower than that of OD fuel. Density increased with increased Coconut Oil in Coconut-Oil blends because of the higher amount of carbon atoms in Coconut-Oil molecules. As a result, viscosity also increased with increased Coconut Oil in blends. Other properties of blended fuels varied according to their physicochemical properties. Results also showed that the brake power output of engine increased by about 5% when fueled by 30% Coconut-Oil-blended fuel. The average specific fuel consumption of Coconut-Oil-blended fuels increased by 7–10% compared with OD Oil. The exhaust emissions of blended fuel were found to be much cleaner, containing less CO, HC, NO x, and smoke and benzene concentration. The Coconut-Oil-blended fuel also produced low particulate emission and carbon deposit on injector nozzles. For each Coconut-Oil-blended fuel, the engine did not have any starting difficulty and combustion noise at >25 °C. The Coconut-Oil-based fuel also did not pose a severe environmental threat because of its low sulfur content.
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impact of Coconut Oil blends on particulate phase pahs and regulated emissions from a light duty diesel engine
Energy, 2012Co-Authors: H G How, H H Masjuki, Yew Heng Teoh, M A KalamAbstract:Abstract Biofuel is a prominent alternative fuel because of its environmental benefits and similar physiochemical properties to diesel fuel. This study investigated the impact of high quality refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) Coconut Oil blends and fuel throttle setting on performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engine. The criteria regulated emissions and particulate-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied. The engine was operated with pure diesel and blended fuels contain of 10%, 30% and 50% of Coconut Oil by volume. Experiments were conducted under 75% and 50% throttle opening conditions at 2000 rpm. The use of Coconut Oil blends resulted in a reduction of all of the regulated emissions, except for slight fluctuations in CO 2 emissions. There was no significant difference in total PAH emissions with the different throttle settings. All the Coconut Oil blends showed lower PAH emissions except for fluoranthene (FL) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) compounds. Notably, Coconut Oil blends resulted in a maximum reduction of 40% in total PAH concentration. It was observed that Coconut Oil blends increased the total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP eq ). However, the reduction in benzo[a]anthracene (BaA) indicated the positive effects on toxicity reduction of Coconut Oil as a potential substitute for fossil diesel.
John W Erdman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coconut Oil enhances tomato carotenoid tissue accumulation compared to safflower Oil in the mongolian gerbil meriones unguiculatus
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren E Conlon, Ryan D King, Nancy E. Moran, John W ErdmanAbstract:Evidence suggests that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats facilitate greater absorption of carotenoids than saturated fats. However, the comparison of consuming a polyunsaturated fat source versus a saturated fat source on tomato carotenoid bioaccumulation has not been examined. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of Coconut Oil and safflower Oil on tomato carotenoid tissue accumulation in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) fed a 20% fat diet. Coconut Oil feeding increased carotenoid concentrations among many compartments including total carotenoids in the serum (p = 0.0003), adrenal glandular phytoene (p = 0.04), hepatic phytofluene (p = 0.0001), testicular all-trans-lycopene (p = 0.01), and cis-lycopene (p = 0.006) in the prostate–seminal vesicle complex compared to safflower Oil. Safflower Oil-fed gerbils had greater splenic lycopene concentrations (p = 0.006) compared to Coconut Oil-fed gerbils. Coconut Oil feeding increased serum cholesterol (p = 0.0001) and decreased h...
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Coconut Oil enhances tomato carotenoid tissue accumulation compared to safflower Oil in the mongolian gerbil meriones unguiculatus
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren E Conlon, Ryan D King, Nancy E. Moran, John W ErdmanAbstract:Evidence suggests that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats facilitate greater absorption of carotenoids than saturated fats. However, the comparison of consuming a polyunsaturated fat source versus a saturated fat source on tomato carotenoid bioaccumulation has not been examined. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of Coconut Oil and safflower Oil on tomato carotenoid tissue accumulation in Mongolian gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus ) fed a 20% fat diet. Coconut Oil feeding increased carotenoid concentrations among many compartments including total carotenoids in the serum (p = 0.0003), adrenal glandular phytoene (p = 0.04), hepatic phytofluene (p = 0.0001), testicular all-trans-lycopene (p = 0.01), and cis-lycopene (p = 0.006) in the prostate-seminal vesicle complex compared to safflower Oil. Safflower Oil-fed gerbils had greater splenic lycopene concentrations (p = 0.006) compared to Coconut Oil-fed gerbils. Coconut Oil feeding increased serum cholesterol (p = 0.0001) and decreased hepatic cholesterol (p = 0.0003) compared to safflower Oil. In summary, Coconut Oil enhanced tissue uptake of tomato carotenoids to a greater degree than safflower Oil. These results may have been due to the large proportion of medium-chain fatty acids in Coconut Oil, which might have caused a shift in cholesterol flux to favor extrahepatic carotenoid tissue deposition.