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Ronald E. Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance
Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Jerrell C Cassady, Ronald E. JohnsonAbstract:A new measure that focused explicitly on the Cognitive Dimension of test anxiety was introduced and examined for psychometric quality as compared to existing measures of test anxiety. The new scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Cognitive test anxiety. The impact of Cognitive test anxiety as well as emotionality and test procrastination were subsequently evaluated on three course exams and students' self-reported performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test for 168 undergraduate students. Higher levels of Cognitive test anxiety were associated with significantly lower test scores on each of the three course examinations. High levels of Cognitive test anxiety also were associated with significantly lower Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Procrastination, in contrast, was related to performance only on the course final examination. Gender differences in Cognitive test anxiety were documented, but those differences were not related to performance on the course exams. Examination of the relation between the emotionality component of test anxiety and performance revealed that moderate levels of physiological arousal generally were associated with higher exam performance. The results were consistent with Cognitive appraisal and information processing models of test anxiety and support the conclusion that Cognitive test anxiety exerts a significant stable and negative impact on academic performance measures.
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Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance
Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Jerrell C Cassady, Ronald E. JohnsonAbstract:A new measure that focused explicitly on the Cognitive Dimension of test anxiety was introduced and examined for psychometric quality as compared to existing measures of test anxiety. The new scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Cognitive test anxiety. The impact of Cognitive test anxiety as well as emotionality and test procrastination were subsequently evaluated on three course exams and students' self-reported performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test for 168 undergraduate students. Higher levels of Cognitive test anxiety were associated with significantly lower test scores on each of the three course examinations. High levels of Cognitive test anxiety also were associated with significantly lower Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Procrastination, in contrast, was related to performance only on the course final examination. Gender differences in Cognitive test anxiety were documented, but those differences were not related to performance on the course exams. Examination of the relation between the emotionality component of test anxiety and performance revealed that moderate levels of physiological arousal generally were associated with higher exam performance. The results were consistent with Cognitive appraisal and information processing models of test anxiety and support the conclusion that Cognitive test anxiety exerts a significant stable and negative impact on academic performance measures.
Jerrell C Cassady - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance
Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Jerrell C Cassady, Ronald E. JohnsonAbstract:A new measure that focused explicitly on the Cognitive Dimension of test anxiety was introduced and examined for psychometric quality as compared to existing measures of test anxiety. The new scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Cognitive test anxiety. The impact of Cognitive test anxiety as well as emotionality and test procrastination were subsequently evaluated on three course exams and students' self-reported performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test for 168 undergraduate students. Higher levels of Cognitive test anxiety were associated with significantly lower test scores on each of the three course examinations. High levels of Cognitive test anxiety also were associated with significantly lower Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Procrastination, in contrast, was related to performance only on the course final examination. Gender differences in Cognitive test anxiety were documented, but those differences were not related to performance on the course exams. Examination of the relation between the emotionality component of test anxiety and performance revealed that moderate levels of physiological arousal generally were associated with higher exam performance. The results were consistent with Cognitive appraisal and information processing models of test anxiety and support the conclusion that Cognitive test anxiety exerts a significant stable and negative impact on academic performance measures.
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Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance
Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Jerrell C Cassady, Ronald E. JohnsonAbstract:A new measure that focused explicitly on the Cognitive Dimension of test anxiety was introduced and examined for psychometric quality as compared to existing measures of test anxiety. The new scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Cognitive test anxiety. The impact of Cognitive test anxiety as well as emotionality and test procrastination were subsequently evaluated on three course exams and students' self-reported performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test for 168 undergraduate students. Higher levels of Cognitive test anxiety were associated with significantly lower test scores on each of the three course examinations. High levels of Cognitive test anxiety also were associated with significantly lower Scholastic Aptitude Test scores. Procrastination, in contrast, was related to performance only on the course final examination. Gender differences in Cognitive test anxiety were documented, but those differences were not related to performance on the course exams. Examination of the relation between the emotionality component of test anxiety and performance revealed that moderate levels of physiological arousal generally were associated with higher exam performance. The results were consistent with Cognitive appraisal and information processing models of test anxiety and support the conclusion that Cognitive test anxiety exerts a significant stable and negative impact on academic performance measures.
Peter Wirtz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Cognitive Dimension of corporate governance in fast growing entrepreneurial firms
European Management Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Peter WirtzAbstract:Summary This article explores the specific morphology and functioning of the governance system of fast growing entrepreneurial firms. Corporate governance is conceptualized as a complex system composed of different mechanisms and various actors, reaching beyond the corporate board and its members. To explain the link between the governance system at large and growth, I build on a general model of corporate governance first proposed by Charreaux (2008) , where governance potentially influences managerial behavior through two levers: financial discipline and cognition. I argue that, in the specific case of entrepreneurial firms, corporate governance may play a central role in sustaining high levels of growth through the extensive use of the Cognitive lever. Beyond its theoretical implications, the model is also instrumental in providing a consistent framework for an exploration of existing empirical research. I review research specifically devoted to the governance of entrepreneurial firms which experience strong growth and find support for the rationale underlying the proposed model.
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the Cognitive Dimension of corporate governance in fast growing entrepreneurial firms
Research Papers in Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Peter WirtzAbstract:This article explores the specific morphology and functioning of the governance system of fast growing entrepreneurial firms. Corporate governance is conceptualized as a complex system composed of different mechanisms and various actors, reaching beyond the corporate board and its members. To explain the link between the governance system at large and growth, I build on a general model of corporate governance first proposed by Charreaux (2008), where governance potentially influences managerial behavior through two levers: financial discipline and cognition. I argue that, in the specific case of entrepreneurial firms, corporate governance may play a central role in sustaining high levels of growth through the extensive use of the Cognitive lever. Beyond its theoretical implications, the model is also instrumental in providing a consistent framework for an exploration of existing empirical research. I review research specifically devoted to the governance of entrepreneurial firms which experience strong growth and find support for the rationale underlying the proposed model. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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competences conflits et creation de valeur vers une approche integree de la gouvernance
Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, 2006Co-Authors: Peter WirtzAbstract:(VF)L’approche dominante de la gouvernance d’entreprise s’inscrit dans une logique d’essence disciplinaire. Pourtant, la creation de valeur ne se reduit pas a un simple probleme de discipline, mais comporte egalement une Dimension Cognitive, notamment dans le cas des entreprises innovantes. Fort de ce constat, le present article tente de contribuer a un effort d’integration des explications disciplinaire et Cognitive des phenomenes de gouvernance, en defendant l’hypothese selon laquelle le poids respectif des variables disciplinaires et Cognitives n’est pas fige, mais depend du stade de developpement des entreprises etudiees. Ce cadre theorique est illustre a travers l’histoire longue du Groupe Air Liquide.(VA)Mainstream explanations of corporate governance work from an essentially disciplinary perspective. The creation of value, however, is not merely a matter of discipline, but also encompasses a Cognitive Dimension, especially in the case of the innovative enterprise. The present paper hence attempts to contribute to integrate disciplinary and Cognitive explanations of governance. It defends the assumption, according to which the relative weight and relevance of the disciplinary and Cognitive variables should not be conceived of as static, but depends on the development stage of the firms under examination. The long history of Air Liquide gives an illustration of this theoretical frame.
Xiaojin Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrinsic connectivity patterns of task defined brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and are linked to molecular architecture
Biological Psychiatry, 2021Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Xiaojin Liu, Veronika I Muller, Birgit DerntlAbstract:Abstract Background Despite the marked interindividual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology relate to the functional variability in brain networks among patients remains unclear. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along 4 data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods We investigated resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 147 patients with schizophrenia recruited at 7 sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using a relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task networks following repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of 9 receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results Tenfold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed 5 predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory of mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory of mind and socioaffective default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine synthesis capacity. Conclusions We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socioaffective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, this work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
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intrinsic connectivity patterns of task defined brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and are linked to molecular architecture
Biological Psychiatry, 2020Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Veronika I Muller, Xiaojin LiuAbstract:Abstract Background Despite the marked inter-individual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, it remains unclear the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology relate to the functional variability in brain networks among patients. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along four data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods We investigated resting-state fMRI data from 147 schizophrenia patients recruited at seven sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task-networks following a repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of nine receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results Ten-fold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed five predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory-of-mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory-of-mind and socio-affective-default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 dopamine receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine-synthesis-capacity. Conclusions We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socio-affective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, this work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
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connectivity patterns of task specific brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and link to molecular architecture
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Veronika I Mueller, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Xiaojin Liu, Birgit DerntlAbstract:Background: Despite the marked inter-individual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, it remains unclear the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology may be reflected in variability across the collective set of functional brain connections. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along four data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods: We investigated resting-state fMRI data from 147 schizophrenia patients recruited at seven sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task-networks following a repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of nine receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results: Ten-fold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed five predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory-of-mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory-of-mind and socio-affective-default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 dopamine receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine-synthesis-capacity. Conclusions: We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socio-affective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, the present work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
Justin T Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrinsic connectivity patterns of task defined brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and are linked to molecular architecture
Biological Psychiatry, 2021Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Xiaojin Liu, Veronika I Muller, Birgit DerntlAbstract:Abstract Background Despite the marked interindividual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology relate to the functional variability in brain networks among patients remains unclear. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along 4 data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods We investigated resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 147 patients with schizophrenia recruited at 7 sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using a relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task networks following repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of 9 receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results Tenfold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed 5 predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory of mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory of mind and socioaffective default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine synthesis capacity. Conclusions We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socioaffective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, this work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
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intrinsic connectivity patterns of task defined brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and are linked to molecular architecture
Biological Psychiatry, 2020Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Veronika I Muller, Xiaojin LiuAbstract:Abstract Background Despite the marked inter-individual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, it remains unclear the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology relate to the functional variability in brain networks among patients. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along four data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods We investigated resting-state fMRI data from 147 schizophrenia patients recruited at seven sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task-networks following a repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of nine receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results Ten-fold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed five predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory-of-mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory-of-mind and socio-affective-default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 dopamine receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine-synthesis-capacity. Conclusions We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socio-affective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, this work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
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connectivity patterns of task specific brain networks allow individual prediction of Cognitive symptom Dimension of schizophrenia and link to molecular architecture
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ji Chen, Veronika I Mueller, Juergen Dukart, Felix Hoffstaedter, Justin T Baker, Avram J Holmes, Deniz Vatansever, Thomas Nickljockschat, Xiaojin Liu, Birgit DerntlAbstract:Background: Despite the marked inter-individual variability in the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, it remains unclear the extent to which individual Dimensions of psychopathology may be reflected in variability across the collective set of functional brain connections. Here, we address this question using network-based predictive modeling of individual psychopathology along four data-driven symptom Dimensions. Follow-up analyses assess the molecular underpinnings of predictive networks by relating them to neurotransmitter-receptor distribution patterns. Methods: We investigated resting-state fMRI data from 147 schizophrenia patients recruited at seven sites. Individual expression along negative, positive, affective, and Cognitive symptom Dimensions was predicted using relevance vector machine based on functional connectivity within 17 meta-analytic task-networks following a repeated 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-site-out analyses. Results were validated in an independent sample. Networks robustly predicting individual symptom Dimensions were spatially correlated with density maps of nine receptors/transporters from prior molecular imaging in healthy populations. Results: Ten-fold and leave-one-site-out analyses revealed five predictive network-symptom associations. Connectivity within theory-of-mind, Cognitive reappraisal, and mirror neuron networks predicted negative, positive, and affective symptom Dimensions, respectively. Cognitive Dimension was predicted by theory-of-mind and socio-affective-default networks. Importantly, these predictions generalized to the independent sample. Intriguingly, these two networks were positively associated with D1 dopamine receptor and serotonin reuptake transporter densities as well as dopamine-synthesis-capacity. Conclusions: We revealed a robust association between intrinsic functional connectivity within networks for socio-affective processes and the Cognitive Dimension of psychopathology. By investigating the molecular architecture, the present work links dopaminergic and serotonergic systems with the functional topography of brain networks underlying Cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.