The Experts below are selected from a list of 51231 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Kristine Yaffe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • fasting glucose variability in young adulthood and Cognitive Function in middle age the coronary artery risk development in young adults cardia study
    Diabetes Care, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jared P. Reis, Lenore J. Launer, Michael P Bancks, Mercedes R Carnethon, David R Jacobs, Pamela J Schreiner, Ravi V Shah, Stephen Sidney, Kristine Yaffe
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To determine whether intraindividual variability in fasting glucose (FG) below the threshold of diabetes is associated with Cognitive Function in middle adulthood beyond increasing FG. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 3,307 CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development Study in Young Adults) participants (age range 18–30 years; 1985–1986) at baseline and calculated two measures of long-term glucose variability: the coefficient of variation about the mean FG (CV-FG) and the absolute difference between successive FG measurements [average real variability (ARV-FG)] before the onset of diabetes over 25 and 30 years of follow-up. Cognitive Function was assessed at years 25 (2010–2011) and 30 (2015–2016) with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and category and letter fluency Tests. We estimated the association between glucose variability and Cognitive Function Test score with adjustment for clinical and behavioral risk factors, mean FG level, change in FGlevel, and diabetes development, medication use, and duration. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, 1-SD increment of CV-FG was associated with worse Cognitive scores at year 25: DSST, standardized regression coefficient, −0.95 (95% CI −1.54, −0.36); RAVLT, −0.14 (95% CI −0.27, −0.02); and Stroop Test, 0.49 (95% CI 0.04, 0.94). Findings were similar between CV-FG with each Cognitive Test score at year 30 and when we used an alternative measure of variability (ARV-FG) that captures variability in successive FG values. CONCLUSIONS Higher intraindividual FG variability during young adulthood below the threshold of diabetes was associated with worse processing speed, memory, and language fluency in midlife independent of FG levels.

  • long term blood pressure variability throughout young adulthood and Cognitive Function in midlife the coronary artery risk development in young adults cardia study
    Hypertension, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yuichiro Yano, Hongyan Ning, Norrina B. Allen, Jared P. Reis, Lenore J. Launer, Kiang Liu, Kristine Yaffe, Philip Greenland, Donald M Lloydjones
    Abstract:

    Whether long-term blood pressure (BP) variability throughout young adulthood is associated with Cognitive Function in midlife remains uncertain. Using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), which recruited healthy young adults aged 18 to 30 years (mean age, 25 years) at baseline (Y(0)), we assessed BP variability by SD and average real variability (ARV) for 25 years (8 visits). Cognitive Function was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (psychomotor speed Test), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (verbal memory Test), and the modified Stroop Test (executive Function Test) at follow-up (Y(25)). At the Y(25) examination, participants (n=2326) had a mean age of 50.4 years, 43% were men, and 40% were black. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, higher ARV(SBP), ARV(DBP), and SD(DBP) were significantly associated with lower scores of Digit Symbol Substitution Test (β [SE]: -0.025 [0.006], -0.029 [0.007], and -0.029 [0.007], respectively; all P<0.001) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (β [SE]: -0.016 [0.006], -0.021 [0.007], and -0.019 [0.007], respectively; all P<0.05) after adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics and with cumulative exposure to BP through Y(0) to Y(25). Neither SDBP nor ARV(BP) was associated with the Stroop score. The associations between ARV(BP) or SD(BP) and each Cognitive Function Test were similar between blacks and whites except for 1 significant interaction between race and SDS(BP) on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (P<0.05). Long-term BP variability for 25 years beginning in young adulthood was associated with worse psychomotor speed and verbal memory Tests in midlife, independent of cumulative exposure to BP during follow-up.

  • effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on Cognitive Function the heart and estrogen progestin replacement study
    The American Journal of Medicine, 2002
    Co-Authors: Kristine Yaffe, Deborah Grady, Margaret Kristof, Cynthia Richards, Elizabeth Barrettconnor
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose To determine if hormone therapy results in better Cognitive Function in older postmenopausal women. Subjects and methods The Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 2763 women with coronary disease. Women were assigned randomly to conjugated estrogen (0.625 mg) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (2.5 mg) in one tablet daily or identical placebo; they were followed for a mean (± SD) of 4.2 ± 0.4 years. Participants at 10 of the 20 HERS centers were invited to enroll in the Cognitive Function substudy. At the end of the trial, we measured Cognitive Function in 517 women in the hormone group and 546 in the placebo group using six standard Tests: the modified Mini-Mental Status Examination, Verbal Fluency, Boston Naming, Word List Memory, Word List Recall, and Trails B. Cognitive Function was not measured at baseline. Results The mean age of participants at the time of Cognitive Function Testing was 71 ± 6 years. There were no differences in age-adjusted Cognitive Function Test scores between the two treatment groups, except that women assigned to hormones scored worse on the Verbal Fluency Test than women assigned to placebo (15.9 ± 4.8 vs. 16.6 ± 4.8, P = 0.02). Adjustment for other potential confounders and restriction of the analyses to women who had been adherent to study medication did not change the results. Conclusion Among older postmenopausal women with coronary disease, 4 years of treatment with postmenopausal hormone therapy did not result in better Cognitive Function as measured on six standardized Tests. Whether these results also apply to elderly women without coronary disease cannot be determined from this study.

Donald M Lloydjones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • long term blood pressure variability throughout young adulthood and Cognitive Function in midlife the coronary artery risk development in young adults cardia study
    Hypertension, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yuichiro Yano, Hongyan Ning, Norrina B. Allen, Jared P. Reis, Lenore J. Launer, Kiang Liu, Kristine Yaffe, Philip Greenland, Donald M Lloydjones
    Abstract:

    Whether long-term blood pressure (BP) variability throughout young adulthood is associated with Cognitive Function in midlife remains uncertain. Using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), which recruited healthy young adults aged 18 to 30 years (mean age, 25 years) at baseline (Y(0)), we assessed BP variability by SD and average real variability (ARV) for 25 years (8 visits). Cognitive Function was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (psychomotor speed Test), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (verbal memory Test), and the modified Stroop Test (executive Function Test) at follow-up (Y(25)). At the Y(25) examination, participants (n=2326) had a mean age of 50.4 years, 43% were men, and 40% were black. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, higher ARV(SBP), ARV(DBP), and SD(DBP) were significantly associated with lower scores of Digit Symbol Substitution Test (β [SE]: -0.025 [0.006], -0.029 [0.007], and -0.029 [0.007], respectively; all P<0.001) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (β [SE]: -0.016 [0.006], -0.021 [0.007], and -0.019 [0.007], respectively; all P<0.05) after adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics and with cumulative exposure to BP through Y(0) to Y(25). Neither SDBP nor ARV(BP) was associated with the Stroop score. The associations between ARV(BP) or SD(BP) and each Cognitive Function Test were similar between blacks and whites except for 1 significant interaction between race and SDS(BP) on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (P<0.05). Long-term BP variability for 25 years beginning in young adulthood was associated with worse psychomotor speed and verbal memory Tests in midlife, independent of cumulative exposure to BP during follow-up.

Polin Kuo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protein bound uremic toxins are associated with Cognitive Function among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    Scientific Reports, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yi-ting Lin, Shihshin Liang, Mwenya Mubanga, Yuanhan Yang, Yaling Hsu, Meichuan Kuo, Shangjyh Hwang, Polin Kuo
    Abstract:

    Patients with chronic kidney disease have a greater risk of Cognitive impairment. Cerebral uremic solute accumulation causes uremic encephalopathy; however, the association of protein-bound uremic toxins on Cognitive Function remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of two protein-bound uremic toxins, namely indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), on Cognitive Function in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) for at least 90 days. Circulating free form IS and PCS were quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) were used to evaluate Cognitive Function. In total, 260 HD patients were recruited with a mean age of 58.1 ± 11.3 years, of which, 53.8% were men, 40% had diabetes, and 75.4% had hypertension. The analysis revealed that both free IS and free PCS were negatively associated with the CASI score and MMSE. After controlling for confounders, circulating free IS levels persisted to be negatively associated with MMSE scores [β = −0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.16 to −0.08] and CASI scores (β = −1.97, 95% CI: −3.78 to −0.16), mainly in the CASI domains of long-term memory, mental manipulation, language ability, and spatial construction. However, there was no correlation between free PCS and total MMSE or total CASI scores after controlling for confounders. In conclusion, circulating free form IS, but not PCS is associated with lower Cognitive Function Test scores in HD patients. Thus, a further study is needed to evaluate whether a decrease in free IS levels can slow down Cognitive decline in HD patients.

Shangjyh Hwang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protein bound uremic toxins are associated with Cognitive Function among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    Scientific Reports, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yi-ting Lin, Shihshin Liang, Mwenya Mubanga, Yuanhan Yang, Yaling Hsu, Meichuan Kuo, Shangjyh Hwang, Polin Kuo
    Abstract:

    Patients with chronic kidney disease have a greater risk of Cognitive impairment. Cerebral uremic solute accumulation causes uremic encephalopathy; however, the association of protein-bound uremic toxins on Cognitive Function remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of two protein-bound uremic toxins, namely indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), on Cognitive Function in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) for at least 90 days. Circulating free form IS and PCS were quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) were used to evaluate Cognitive Function. In total, 260 HD patients were recruited with a mean age of 58.1 ± 11.3 years, of which, 53.8% were men, 40% had diabetes, and 75.4% had hypertension. The analysis revealed that both free IS and free PCS were negatively associated with the CASI score and MMSE. After controlling for confounders, circulating free IS levels persisted to be negatively associated with MMSE scores [β = −0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.16 to −0.08] and CASI scores (β = −1.97, 95% CI: −3.78 to −0.16), mainly in the CASI domains of long-term memory, mental manipulation, language ability, and spatial construction. However, there was no correlation between free PCS and total MMSE or total CASI scores after controlling for confounders. In conclusion, circulating free form IS, but not PCS is associated with lower Cognitive Function Test scores in HD patients. Thus, a further study is needed to evaluate whether a decrease in free IS levels can slow down Cognitive decline in HD patients.

Yi-ting Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protein bound uremic toxins are associated with Cognitive Function among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    Scientific Reports, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yi-ting Lin, Shihshin Liang, Mwenya Mubanga, Yuanhan Yang, Yaling Hsu, Meichuan Kuo, Shangjyh Hwang, Polin Kuo
    Abstract:

    Patients with chronic kidney disease have a greater risk of Cognitive impairment. Cerebral uremic solute accumulation causes uremic encephalopathy; however, the association of protein-bound uremic toxins on Cognitive Function remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of two protein-bound uremic toxins, namely indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), on Cognitive Function in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) for at least 90 days. Circulating free form IS and PCS were quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) were used to evaluate Cognitive Function. In total, 260 HD patients were recruited with a mean age of 58.1 ± 11.3 years, of which, 53.8% were men, 40% had diabetes, and 75.4% had hypertension. The analysis revealed that both free IS and free PCS were negatively associated with the CASI score and MMSE. After controlling for confounders, circulating free IS levels persisted to be negatively associated with MMSE scores [β = −0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.16 to −0.08] and CASI scores (β = −1.97, 95% CI: −3.78 to −0.16), mainly in the CASI domains of long-term memory, mental manipulation, language ability, and spatial construction. However, there was no correlation between free PCS and total MMSE or total CASI scores after controlling for confounders. In conclusion, circulating free form IS, but not PCS is associated with lower Cognitive Function Test scores in HD patients. Thus, a further study is needed to evaluate whether a decrease in free IS levels can slow down Cognitive decline in HD patients.

  • Protein-bound uremic toxins are associated with Cognitive Function among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019
    Co-Authors: Yi-ting Lin, Wu Ping-hsun, Liang Shih-shin, Mubanga Mwenya, Yang Yuan-han, Hsu Ya-ling, Kuo Mei-chuan, Hwang Shang-jyh, Kuo Po-lin
    Abstract:

    Patients with chronic kidney disease have a greater risk of Cognitive impairment. Cerebral uremic solute accumulation causes uremic encephalopathy; however, the association of protein-bound uremic toxins on Cognitive Function remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of two protein-bound uremic toxins, namely indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), on Cognitive Function in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) for at least 90 days. Circulating free form IS and PCS were quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) were used to evaluate Cognitive Function. In total, 260 HD patients were recruited with a mean age of 58.1 +/- 11.3 years, of which, 53.8% were men, 40% had diabetes, and 75.4% had hypertension. The analysis revealed that both free IS and free PCS were negatively associated with the CASI score and MMSE. After controlling for confounders, circulating free IS levels persisted to be negatively associated with MMSE scores [beta = -0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.16 to -0.08] and CASI scores (beta = -1.97, 95% CI: -3.78 to -0.16), mainly in the CASI domains of long-term memory, mental manipulation, language ability, and spatial construction. However, there was no correlation between free PCS and total MMSE or total CASI scores after controlling for confounders. In conclusion, circulating free form IS, but not PCS is associated with lower Cognitive Function Test scores in HD patients. Thus, a further study is needed to evaluate whether a decrease in free IS levels can slow down Cognitive decline in HD patients