The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Elif Atabek-yigit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can Cognitive Structure outcomes reveal Cognitive styles? A study on the relationship between Cognitive styles and Cognitive Structure outcomes on the subject of chemical kinetics
Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2018Co-Authors: Elif Atabek-yigitAbstract:Determination of the relationship between individuals’ Cognitive styles and Cognitive Structure outcomes was the main aim of this study. Sixty-six participants were enrolled in the study and their Cognitive styles were determined by using the Hidden Figure Test (for their field dependent/independent dimension of Cognitive style) and the Convergent/Divergent Test (for their convergence/divergence dimension of Cognitive style). An open-ended questionnaire was formed in order to determine participants’ Cognitive Structure outcomes. The study topic was chosen as chemical kinetics since it is one of the most difficult topics in chemistry according to many students and also there is limited study in the literature on this topic. Key concepts about chemical kinetics were selected and given to the participants and they were asked to write a text by using the given concepts. A flow map technique was used to reveal participants’ Cognitive Structure outcomes. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that field independent participants tended to be divergent thinkers while field dependents tended to be convergent thinkers. Also, strong positive relationships between participants’ field dependency/independency and some Cognitive Structure outcomes (extent and richness) were found. That is, field independents tended to have more extended and richer Cognitive Structure outcomes. However, the convergence/divergence dimension of Cognitive style did not show any correlation with Cognitive Structure outcomes.
Yeşim Yener - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pre-service Science Teachers' Cognitive Structure about Some Epidermal Structure in Plant
Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2017Co-Authors: Yeşim YenerAbstract:The main focus of this study is to determine pre-service science teachers' Cognitive Structure about trichome and stoma through two alternative assessment techniques: metaphor and word association test. The study was conducted with 35 pre-service science teachers. Word association test given stoma and trichome as stimulant words was applied. Also it was asked them to complete these sentences 'Stoma is like/similar to … Because …' and 'Trichome is like/similar to … Because ….' The data obtained from both techniques were analysed according to the content analysis, frequency tables were prepared and divided into categories. With the help of these categories, the Cognitive Structures of pre-service science teachers and also misconceptions they had were revealed. Consequently, it was suggested that using metaphors in conjunction with word association test for determining of the Cognitive Structure of students in any subject would be complementary factor for each other's.
Liu Xinghe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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socialized speech egocentric speech internalized speech comments on piaget s egocentric speech based on methodology by vygotsky
Journal of Tianjin Normal University, 2011Co-Authors: Liu XingheAbstract:Viewed as the external reflection of deep Cognitive Structure by Piaget,Egocentric speech is passive for individual speech socialism for the theory is on the boundary of speech circle and is the loss of subject.However,Vygotsky confirms that egocentric speech is the reflection of the loss of individualism of socialized speech for it is the thinking instrument adapting to objective background,in the process of interacting and mutual-understanding,and rooted in social and historic culture and inter-personal relationship.Vygotsky presents some comments on Piaget's theory of egocentric speech based on his unique methodological sight.
Ana Guinote - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Who Exhibits More Stereotypical Thinking? the Effect of Need and Ability to Achieve Cognitive Structure on Stereotyping
European Journal of Personality, 2002Co-Authors: Yoram Bar-tal, Ana GuinoteAbstract:Need for Cognitive Structure (NCS) could affect stereotypical thinking. In the present paper, it is suggested that the effect of NCS on stereotyping is moderated by the ability to achieve Cognitive Structure (AACS). NCS is defined as the preference to use Cognitive structuring (versus piecemeal processing) as a way to achieve certainty. AACS is defined as the extent to which individuals are able to use information processing processes (Cognitive structuring or piecemeal) consistent with their level of NCS. Two studies were conducted to examine this hypothesis. The first examined the effect of NCS and AACS on negative stereotypes held by Israelis towards Palestinians. The second examined the effect of NCS and AACS on perceived in-group (psychology students) and out-group (engineering students) variability. Results of both studies showed that for high-AACS participants, higher NCS was associated with greater stereotypical thinking, whereas for low-AACS participants, higher NCS was associated with less stereotyping. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Yoram Bar-tal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Who Exhibits More Stereotypical Thinking? the Effect of Need and Ability to Achieve Cognitive Structure on Stereotyping
European Journal of Personality, 2002Co-Authors: Yoram Bar-tal, Ana GuinoteAbstract:Need for Cognitive Structure (NCS) could affect stereotypical thinking. In the present paper, it is suggested that the effect of NCS on stereotyping is moderated by the ability to achieve Cognitive Structure (AACS). NCS is defined as the preference to use Cognitive structuring (versus piecemeal processing) as a way to achieve certainty. AACS is defined as the extent to which individuals are able to use information processing processes (Cognitive structuring or piecemeal) consistent with their level of NCS. Two studies were conducted to examine this hypothesis. The first examined the effect of NCS and AACS on negative stereotypes held by Israelis towards Palestinians. The second examined the effect of NCS and AACS on perceived in-group (psychology students) and out-group (engineering students) variability. Results of both studies showed that for high-AACS participants, higher NCS was associated with greater stereotypical thinking, whereas for low-AACS participants, higher NCS was associated with less stereotyping. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The effect on coping of monitoring, blunting, and the ability to achieve Cognitive Structure.
The Journal of psychology, 1999Co-Authors: Yoram Bar-tal, Ada SpitzerAbstract:The effects of monitoring and blunting on individuals' choices of coping strategies and their effectiveness were examined. In addition, the authors explored the effect of the ability to achieve Cognitive Structure (AACS), defined as either or both of the following: (a) the ability to avoid information that either cannot be categorized or clashes with the individual's existing knowledge; (b) the ability to organize knowledge to fit an already existing Cognitive Structure. The results showed that in addition to the main effects of monitoring on problem-focused coping and social support seeking behaviors and of blunting on the use of wishful thinking, AACS was found to moderate blunting's influence on problem-focused coping as well as the effectiveness of distancing and avoidance coping. Finally, the results showed that the combination of high monitoring and high blunting sometimes contributes to coping effectiveness.
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The need and ability to achieve Cognitive structuring: individual differences that moderate the effect of stress on information processing.
Journal of personality and social psychology, 1999Co-Authors: Yoram Bar-tal, Amiram Raviv, Ada SpitzerAbstract:The authors examined the hypothesis that the interaction between the need for Cognitive Structure (NCS) and the ability to achieve Cognitive Structure (AACS) moderates the effect of stress on information processing. NCS is the preference for using Cognitive structuring, as opposed to piecemeal processes, as a means to achieve certainty. AACS is the extent to which individuals are able to apply information processes that are consistent with their levels of NCS. The hypothesis was validated in 4 studies, which showed that stress increased high-AACS participants' use of Cognitive structuring if they had high NCS and reduced it if they had low NCS. An opposite effect was found for low-AACS participants. The implications of these results for the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the effect of stress on information processing are discussed.
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The effect on mundane decision‐making of the need and ability to achieve Cognitive Structure
European Journal of Personality, 1994Co-Authors: Yoram Bar-talAbstract:It is proposed that coping with conflictual decision‐making can be viewed as a special case of coping with uncertainty. It is further suggested that two factors determine coping with uncertainty: (1) the individuals‘ need for Cognitive Structure (NCS), and (2) the individuals’ ability to achieve Cognitive Structure (AACS). This paper demonstrates that the interaction between AACS and NCS may explain subjects' reaction to decisional conflict. The results show that high‐NCS and low‐AACS individuals experienced the greatest difficulties in their decision‐making and showed a positive correlation between the extent to which they perceived the conflict in the situation and the amount of time that they spent making the decision. In contrast, high‐AACS and high‐NCS subjects showed a negative correlation between these factors. In addition, these subjects experienced the least difficulty in the situation.