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Tiziano Ropele - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • disinflation effects in a medium scale new keynesian model money supply rule versus interest rate rule
    European Economic Review, 2013
    Co-Authors: Guido Ascari, Tiziano Ropele
    Abstract:

    Abstract Empirical studies show that successful disinflations entail a period of output contraction. Using a medium-scale New Keynesian model, we compare the effects of disinflations of different speed and timing, implemented through either a money supply rule or an interest rate rule. In terms of transitional output loss, Cold-Turkey disinflations under an interest rate rule are less costly than those under a money supply rule and are accomplished more rapidly. Furthermore, gradual or anticipated disinflations deliver lower sacrifice ratios. From a welfare perspective, despite the temporary economic contraction, the transitional welfare loss is quantitatively negligible, so that disinflations are overall welfare-improving. The overall welfare gain is not affected by how the disinflation is actually implemented: what really matters is the achievement of a permanently lower inflation rate.

  • disinflation effects in a medium scale new keynesian model money supply rule versus interest rate rule
    Research Papers in Economics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Guido Ascari, Tiziano Ropele
    Abstract:

    Empirical studies show that successful disinflations entail a period of output contraction. Using a medium-scale New Keynesian model, we compare the effects of disinflations of different speed and timing, implemented through either a money supply or an interest rate rule. In terms of transitional output loss, Cold-Turkey disinflations under an interest rate rule are less costly than those under a money supply rule and are accomplished more rapidly. Furthermore, gradual or anticipated disinflations deliver lower sacrifice ratios. From a welfare perspective, despite the transitional economic contraction, disinflations are overall welfare-improving. Interestingly, the overall welfare gain is not affected by how the disinflation is actually implemented: what really matters is the achievement of a permanently lower inflation rate.

Guido Ascari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • disinflation effects in a medium scale new keynesian model money supply rule versus interest rate rule
    European Economic Review, 2013
    Co-Authors: Guido Ascari, Tiziano Ropele
    Abstract:

    Abstract Empirical studies show that successful disinflations entail a period of output contraction. Using a medium-scale New Keynesian model, we compare the effects of disinflations of different speed and timing, implemented through either a money supply rule or an interest rate rule. In terms of transitional output loss, Cold-Turkey disinflations under an interest rate rule are less costly than those under a money supply rule and are accomplished more rapidly. Furthermore, gradual or anticipated disinflations deliver lower sacrifice ratios. From a welfare perspective, despite the temporary economic contraction, the transitional welfare loss is quantitatively negligible, so that disinflations are overall welfare-improving. The overall welfare gain is not affected by how the disinflation is actually implemented: what really matters is the achievement of a permanently lower inflation rate.

  • disinflation effects in a medium scale new keynesian model money supply rule versus interest rate rule
    Research Papers in Economics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Guido Ascari, Tiziano Ropele
    Abstract:

    Empirical studies show that successful disinflations entail a period of output contraction. Using a medium-scale New Keynesian model, we compare the effects of disinflations of different speed and timing, implemented through either a money supply or an interest rate rule. In terms of transitional output loss, Cold-Turkey disinflations under an interest rate rule are less costly than those under a money supply rule and are accomplished more rapidly. Furthermore, gradual or anticipated disinflations deliver lower sacrifice ratios. From a welfare perspective, despite the transitional economic contraction, disinflations are overall welfare-improving. Interestingly, the overall welfare gain is not affected by how the disinflation is actually implemented: what really matters is the achievement of a permanently lower inflation rate.

Lewis C Cantley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cancer metabolism fructose artificial sweeteners and going Cold Turkey on sugar
    BMC Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Lewis C Cantley
    Abstract:

    Lewis Cantley graduated from West Virginia Wesleyan College in chemistry and took his PhD in biophysical chemistry at Cornell University where he worked on enzyme kinetics. He did his postdoctoral studies at Harvard University where he stayed as an assistant professor until he moved to Tufts University where he discovered phosphoinositide-3-kinase, the enzyme critical to the control of growth that has dominated his research ever since. He returned to Harvard as a Professor of Cell Biology and later as a member of the new Department of Systems Biology and is now Director of the new Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital.   Lewis Cantley

Ma Vineet M. Arora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of clinician advice and patient preparedness to quit on subsequent quit attempts in hospitalized smokers.
    Journal of hospital medicine, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lisa M. Shah, Andrea C. King, Anirban Basu, Jerry A. Krishnan, William Borden, David O. Meltzer, Ma Vineet M. Arora
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Although smoking cessation counseling for cardiac inpatients is a quality measure, little data exist regarding postdischarge quit attempts in a primarily urban, African American, underserved population. This study aimed to assess preparedness to quit smoking and quit behaviors. METHODS: Smokers on the cardiology service were asked to rate preparedness using the 10-step Contemplation Ladder. During phone surveys given 30-days postdischarge, patients reported whether they made quit attempts, method and success of attempts, and recall of receiving advice to quit. RESULTS: From February 2006 through July 2007, 2906 of 3364 of inpatients were interviewed. Fifteen percent (436/2906) were current smokers and 415/436 completed the inpatient assessment. Of these, 75% (310/415) indicated they were prepared to quit. At the 1-month follow-up, 67% (276/415) were interviewed and 71% of those patients (195/276) reported making a quit attempt, with most (76%) reporting quitting “Cold Turkey” (without aid). Compared with less prepared patients, prepared patients were more likely to report making a quit attempt after discharge (77% [163/212] vs. 50% [32/64], P < 0.001) and were successful in that attempt (43% [90/212] vs. 25% [16/64], P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of smokers hospitalized with cardiac disease reported being prepared to quit smoking. Those prepared, and who received advice to quit, were more likely to make a quit attempt and report abstinence than those less prepared. However, most quit attempts were made using the least effective methods. Future studies in a population of primarily African American patients should assess preparedness to quit and target prepared patients with more effective interventions. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;5:26–32. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.

Merten, Julie W - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Assessing Attitudes toward Nicotine Replacement Therapy for Adolescent Smoking Cessation
    UNF Digital Commons, 2019
    Co-Authors: King, Jessica L, Merten, Julie W, Wong Tzu-jung, Pomeranz, Jamie L
    Abstract:

    The objective was to ascertain attitudes toward nicotine replacement therapy for adolescent tobacco cessation. The authors created a 17-item survey consisting of demographics, quantitative, and qualitative items which was distributed to middle and high school students in North Central Florida. The authors assessed associations and conducted discriminant analyses to compare results by age. One-hundred ninety-eight students completed the survey (57.6% female, 61.6% white). When asked to select the best way to help teens stop using tobacco, combination of methods was most frequently selected (31.6%), followed by “Cold Turkey” (19.5%), e-cigarettes (16.8%), NRT (14.7%), Counseling (10.5%), and Alternative Therapies (6.8%). Qualitative data from students revealed misconceptions toward tobacco use, but an overall awareness that tobacco is a harmful. High school students were more likely than middle school students to agree that nicotine is harmful and e-cigarettes or chewing tobacco are less harmful than traditional cigarettes. Discriminant analyses were inconclusive. These data highlight misconceptions regarding tobacco use and nicotine that might play a role in attitudes toward NRT for adolescent tobacco cessation. Whereas high school students might be more likely to agree nicotine is harmful, their decreased perception of harm of alternative tobacco products such as e-cigarettes or chewing tobacco could be problematic. Further research in this area remains a priority

  • Pharmacist Recommendations for Adolescent Smoking Cessation: Results from a Delphi Study
    UNF Digital Commons, 2017
    Co-Authors: King, Jessica L, Pomeranz, Jamie L, Young, Mary Ellen, Merten, Julie W
    Abstract:

    While pharmacological and behavioral treatments exist for smoking cessation, there are currently no best practices for helping adolescents quit smoking. This study aimed to reach consensus regarding pharmacist recommendations for adolescent smoking cessation. Using a three-round Delphi technique, pharmacists across the USA with experience working with adolescent substance use provided quantitative and qualitative feedback on recommendations. Forty pharmacists completed Round 1, 37 completed Rounds 2 and 3. In Round 1, 36 (90%) responses included the nicotine patch, gum, or lozenge. Ten recommendations were identified in Round 1: nicotine patch, nicotine gum, nicotine lozenge, bupropion SR, varenicline, quitline, smoking cessation program, counseling, behavioral approaches, and Cold Turkey. In Round 2, pharmacists were most likely to recommend smoking cessation programs (median=7 of 7, Interquartile range [IQR]=1) and least likely to recommend varenicline (median=3, IQR=3). In Round 3, consensus to recommend was reached on smoking cessation program (83.3% likely or very likely to recommend). Despite initially recommending nicotine replacement therapy in Round 1, by Round 3 most pharmacists were more likely to recommend behavioral treatments than pharmacological interventions for this patient population. Such preferences by pharmacists could influence the accessibility of various treatments to adolescent smokers