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Jeffry J Fuhrmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the influence of vegetation in riparian filterstrips on Coliform Bacteria ii survival in soils
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2000Co-Authors: James A Entry, R K Hubbard, Janice E Thies, Jeffry J FuhrmannAbstract:Survival of total and fecal Coliform Bacteria was measured in the 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm soil depths at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 90 to 120 d after swine (Sus scrofa) wastewater application to riparian filterstrips in southern Georgia during each season of the year. Vegetative treatments evaluated were: (i) 20 m grass-10 m forest, (ii) 10 m grass-20 m forest, and (iii) 10 m grass-20 m maidencane (Panicum hemitomon Schuh.). During winter, spring, and summer vegetation type in riparian filterstrips did not affect survival of total and fecal Coliform Bacteria. Total and fecal Coliform Bacterial numbers were usually higher in the top 0 to 5 cm of soil than in the 5 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm soil depths in all treatments. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in the 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm depths declined approximately 10-fold every 7 to 14 d after waste application in all seasons of the year. At 90 to 120 d after waste application, total and fecal Coliform numbers in the three soil depths did not differ from riparian filterstrips that did not have animal waste applied. Total Coliform Bacteria in the O to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm soil depths correlated with temperature and moisture in a curvilinear relationship (r 2 = 0.80 , 0.77, and 0.64, respectively). Fecal Coliform Bacteria in 0 to 5, 6 to 15, and 16 to 30 cm of soil also correlated with temperature and moisture in a curvilinear relationship (r 2 = 0.56 , 0.53, and 0.53, respectively).
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the influence of vegetation in riparian filterstrips on Coliform Bacteria i movement and survival in water
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2000Co-Authors: James A Entry, R K Hubbard, Janice E Thies, Jeffry J FuhrmannAbstract:Swine (Sus scrofa) wastewater was applied to three separate 4 m wide x 30 m long riparian filterstrips consisting of 20 m grass and 10 m forest, 10 m grass and 20 m forest, and 10 m grass and 20 m maidencane (Panicum hemitomon Schult.) in Southern Georgia during each season. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in the applied wastewater pulse did not decline as water moved downslope regardless of vegetation type or season. The pulse of applied wastewater did not move beyond 15 m in any treatment in autumn or summer (dry seasons) and only moved beyond 7.5 m in the 20 m grass-10 m forest treatment in the summer. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in soil water and shallow ground water declined by approximately 10-fold every 7 d for the first 14 d regardless of vegetative treatment or season. Soil temperature and soil moisture correlated with total Coliform Bacteria in both 13 m wells (r2 = 0.89) and 2.0 m wells (r2 = 0.89), and with fecal Coliform Bacteria in 1.5 (r2 = 0.82) and 2.0 m (r2 = 0.76) wells. Animal production operations may need to locate in warm–dry climates so animal waste can be applied to lands to help ensure enteric Bacteria input to surface and ground water will not occur.
James A Entry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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movement of Coliform Bacteria and nutrients in ground water flowing through basalt and sand aquifers
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2001Co-Authors: James A Entry, Neal FarmerAbstract:Large-scale deposition of animal manure can result in contamination of surface and ground water and in potential transfer of disease-causing enteric Bacteria to animals or humans. We measured total Coliform Bacteria (TC), fecal Coliform Bacteria (PC), NO 3 , NI-I4, total P, and POt in ground water flowing from basalt and sand aquifers, in wells into basalt and sand aquifers, in irrigation water, and in river water. Samples were collected monthly for 1 yr. Total Coliform and FC numbers were always higher in irrigation water than in ground water, indicating that soil and sediment filtered most of these Bacteria before they entered the aquifers. Total Coliform and FC numbers in ground water were generally higher in the faster flowing basalt aquifer than in the sand aquifer, indicating that the slower flow and finer grain size may filter more TC and FC Bacteria from water. At least one Coliform bacterium/101) mL of water was found in ground water from both basalt and sand aquifers, indicating that ground water pumped from these aquifers is not necessarily safe for human consumption according to the American Public Health Association and the USEPA. The NO3 concentrations were usually higher in water flowing from the sand aquifer than in water flowing from the basalt aquifer or in perched water tables in the basalt aquifer. The PO4 concentrations were usually higher in water flowing from the basalt aquifer than in water flowing from the sand aquifer. The main concern is fecal contamination of these aquifers and health consequences that may arise from human consumption.
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the influence of vegetation in riparian filterstrips on Coliform Bacteria ii survival in soils
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2000Co-Authors: James A Entry, R K Hubbard, Janice E Thies, Jeffry J FuhrmannAbstract:Survival of total and fecal Coliform Bacteria was measured in the 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm soil depths at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 90 to 120 d after swine (Sus scrofa) wastewater application to riparian filterstrips in southern Georgia during each season of the year. Vegetative treatments evaluated were: (i) 20 m grass-10 m forest, (ii) 10 m grass-20 m forest, and (iii) 10 m grass-20 m maidencane (Panicum hemitomon Schuh.). During winter, spring, and summer vegetation type in riparian filterstrips did not affect survival of total and fecal Coliform Bacteria. Total and fecal Coliform Bacterial numbers were usually higher in the top 0 to 5 cm of soil than in the 5 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm soil depths in all treatments. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in the 0 to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm depths declined approximately 10-fold every 7 to 14 d after waste application in all seasons of the year. At 90 to 120 d after waste application, total and fecal Coliform numbers in the three soil depths did not differ from riparian filterstrips that did not have animal waste applied. Total Coliform Bacteria in the O to 5, 5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm soil depths correlated with temperature and moisture in a curvilinear relationship (r 2 = 0.80 , 0.77, and 0.64, respectively). Fecal Coliform Bacteria in 0 to 5, 6 to 15, and 16 to 30 cm of soil also correlated with temperature and moisture in a curvilinear relationship (r 2 = 0.56 , 0.53, and 0.53, respectively).
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the influence of vegetation in riparian filterstrips on Coliform Bacteria i movement and survival in water
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2000Co-Authors: James A Entry, R K Hubbard, Janice E Thies, Jeffry J FuhrmannAbstract:Swine (Sus scrofa) wastewater was applied to three separate 4 m wide x 30 m long riparian filterstrips consisting of 20 m grass and 10 m forest, 10 m grass and 20 m forest, and 10 m grass and 20 m maidencane (Panicum hemitomon Schult.) in Southern Georgia during each season. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in the applied wastewater pulse did not decline as water moved downslope regardless of vegetation type or season. The pulse of applied wastewater did not move beyond 15 m in any treatment in autumn or summer (dry seasons) and only moved beyond 7.5 m in the 20 m grass-10 m forest treatment in the summer. Total and fecal Coliform numbers in soil water and shallow ground water declined by approximately 10-fold every 7 d for the first 14 d regardless of vegetative treatment or season. Soil temperature and soil moisture correlated with total Coliform Bacteria in both 13 m wells (r2 = 0.89) and 2.0 m wells (r2 = 0.89), and with fecal Coliform Bacteria in 1.5 (r2 = 0.82) and 2.0 m (r2 = 0.76) wells. Animal production operations may need to locate in warm–dry climates so animal waste can be applied to lands to help ensure enteric Bacteria input to surface and ground water will not occur.
Agnieszka Wierzbicka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection in raw cow s milk of Coliform Bacteria reservoir of antibiotic resistance
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Jolanta Godziszewska, Ewelina Pogorzelskanowicka, Marta Brodowska, Grazyna Jaguraburdzy, Agnieszka WierzbickaAbstract:Abstract Antibiotic resistance is one of the main threat for people, especially since food products are more frequently identified as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyse the Polish raw cow's milk in terms of the presence of Coliform Bacteria resistant to antibiotic as well as to identify volatile compounds (VC) characteristic for such Bacteria. Further, the identified profile of VC could be used in development of Coliform Bacteria detection method directly in the product. The obtained data showed that among Coliform Bacteria strain isolated from Polish raw cow's milk 88% were resistant to penicillin, 39% to kanamycin, 43% to streptomycin, 78% to chloramphenicol and 55% to tetracycline. Moreover, tetM gene, frequently connected with mobile genetic elements, were detected in 42% of isolated Coliform strains. Due to widespread of Coliform Bacteria resistant to antibiotic in raw milk, simple methods of detection of Coliform Bacteria in such product are required. Performed analysis suggests that lack of methional might be used as an indicator of raw cow's milk contamination with Coliform Bacteria.
Mary C Savin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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populations of antibiotic resistant Coliform Bacteria change rapidly in a wastewater effluent dominated stream
Science of The Total Environment, 2010Co-Authors: Tatsuya Akiyama, Mary C SavinAbstract:Incomplete elimination of Bacteria and pharmaceutical drugs during wastewater treatment results in the entry of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant Bacteria into receiving streams with effluent inputs. In Mud Creek in Fayetteville, AR, ofloxacin, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole have been detected in water and sediment, and tetracycline has been detected in sediment downstream of treated effluent input. These antibiotics have been measured repeatedly, but at low concentrations (<1μg/L) in the stream. To determine if effluent input results in detectable and stable changes in antibiotic resistances downstream of effluent input, antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and total Coliform Bacteria in Mud Creek stream water and sediment were determined using a culture-based method. Isolated E. coli colonies were characterized for multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) patterns on solid media and to evaluate E. coli isolate richness by amplification of a partial uidA gene followed by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Despite temporal variability, proportions of antibiotic-resistant E. coli were generally high in effluent and 640m downstream. The MAR pattern ampicillin-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was associated with a DGGE profile that was detected in effluent and downstream E. coli isolates, but not upstream. Percent resistance among Coliform Bacteria to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole was higher 640m downstream compared to upstream sediment and water (with one exception). Resistance to ofloxacin was too low to analyze statistically and tetracycline resistance was fairly constant across sites. Resistances changed from 640m to 2000m downstream, although dissolved nutrient concentrations within that stream stretch resembled effluent. Antibiotic resistant Bacteria are entering the stream, but resistances change within a short distance of effluent inputs, more quickly than indicated based on chemical water properties. Results illustrate the difficulty in tracking the input and fate of antibiotic resistance and in relating the presence of low antibiotic concentrations to selection or persistence of antibiotic resistances.
Ronald M Atlas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection of Coliform Bacteria and escherichia coli by multiplex polymerase chain reaction comparison with defined substrate and plating methods for water quality monitoring
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1991Co-Authors: Asim K Bej, S Mccarty, Ronald M AtlasAbstract:Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene probe detection of target lacZ and uidA genes were used to detect total Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli, respectively, for determining water quality. In tests of environmental water samples, the lacZ PCR method gave results statistically equivalent to those of the plate count and defined substrate methods accepted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for water quality monitoring and the uidA PCR method was more sensitive than 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide-based defined substrate tests for specific detection of E. coli.