The Experts below are selected from a list of 174 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
George R. Rossman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Colored Varieties of the silica minerals
Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry, 1994Co-Authors: George R. RossmanAbstract:Quartz, when chemically pure SiO_2, is colorless and transparent from about 145 nm in the ultraviolet to about 2700 nm in the infrared when in mm to cm thickness. Natural quartz has three important Colored Varieties: amethyst (violet), citrine (yellow to brown) and smoky (dark smoky quartz is sometimes called morion). A fourth variety, prasiolite (green) also exists. Each of these Varieties exhibits either a substitutional or interstitial component other than Si. In addition to chemical substitutions, development of color in some of these Varieties requires exposure to ionizing radiation or heat. Each of these Varieties can be produced through heat-treatment or irradiation of natural quartz of a different color and can also be produced by direct synthesis or through synthesis followed by irradiation. Other Colored Varieties of natural quartz (rose, blue, chrysoprase, jasper, etc.) are, in fact, mixtures of quartz and other phases (although there may be a type of rose quartz from substitutional causes alone).
Jun Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and comparison of proteomes of albino sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) by iTRAQ analysis.
Fish & shellfish immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Chang-ge Xia, Dijun Zhang, Jun ZhouAbstract:Sea cucumber is a commercially important marine organism in China. Of the different Colored Varieties sold in China, albino sea cucumber has the greatest appeal among consumers. Identification of factors contributing to albinism in sea cucumber is therefore likely to provide a scientific basis for improving the cultivability of these strains. In this study, two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling was used for the first time to quantitatively define the proteome of sea cucumbers and reveal proteomic characteristics unique to albino sea cucumbers. A total of 549 proteins were identified and quantified in albino sea cucumber and the functional annotations of 485 proteins have been exhibited based on COG database. Compared with green sea cucumber, 12 proteins were identified as differentially expressed in the intestine and 16 proteins in the body wall of albino sea cucumber. Among them, 5 proteins were up-regulated in the intestine and 8 proteins were down-regulated in body wall. Gene ontology annotations of these differentially expressed proteins consisted mostly of 'biological process'. The large number of differentially expressed proteins identified here should be highly useful in further elucidating the mechanisms underlying albinism in sea cucumber.
Cunxu Wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural and functional properties of starches from root tubers of white, yellow, and purple sweet potatoes
Food Hydrocolloids, 2019Co-Authors: Ke Guo, Tianxiang Liu, Ahui Xu, Long Zhang, Xiaofeng Bian, Cunxu WeiAbstract:Abstract Sweet potato is an important starch resource and has different Colored root tubers due to different genotype backgrounds. However, it is unclear whether starch properties are related to the color of root tuber. In this study, 3 white, 3 yellow, and 3 purple sweet potato Varieties were planted in the same environment. The dry root tubers of white Varieties had the highest starch ranging from 61.5 to 67.5% and the lowest soluble sugar ranging from 13.1 to 18.0%, and those of yellow Varieties had the lowest starch ranging from 45.8 to 53.1% and the highest soluble sugar ranging from 28.9 to 31.5%. Starches from different Varieties had different granule sizes (D[4,3] 12.3–18.1 μm) and amylose contents (24.1–27.2%), but all exhibited CA-type crystalline structure. The relative crystallinity ranged from 22.3 to 25.5%, and the IR absorbance ratios of 1045/1022 and 1022/995 cm−1 ranged from 0.665 to 0.775 and from 0.846 to 0.944, respectively, among 9 Varieties. The starches from the same or different Colored Varieties had differences in swelling power, water solubility, gelatinization temperature, pasting viscosity, and digestion properties. The cluster analysis based on starch property parameters indicated that starch properties of sweet potato had no relationship with the color of root tuber but were determined by the genotype background of variety.
Chang-ge Xia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and comparison of proteomes of albino sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) by iTRAQ analysis.
Fish & shellfish immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Chang-ge Xia, Dijun Zhang, Jun ZhouAbstract:Sea cucumber is a commercially important marine organism in China. Of the different Colored Varieties sold in China, albino sea cucumber has the greatest appeal among consumers. Identification of factors contributing to albinism in sea cucumber is therefore likely to provide a scientific basis for improving the cultivability of these strains. In this study, two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling was used for the first time to quantitatively define the proteome of sea cucumbers and reveal proteomic characteristics unique to albino sea cucumbers. A total of 549 proteins were identified and quantified in albino sea cucumber and the functional annotations of 485 proteins have been exhibited based on COG database. Compared with green sea cucumber, 12 proteins were identified as differentially expressed in the intestine and 16 proteins in the body wall of albino sea cucumber. Among them, 5 proteins were up-regulated in the intestine and 8 proteins were down-regulated in body wall. Gene ontology annotations of these differentially expressed proteins consisted mostly of 'biological process'. The large number of differentially expressed proteins identified here should be highly useful in further elucidating the mechanisms underlying albinism in sea cucumber.
Živoslav Tešić - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of Phenolic Compounds from Seed Coats of Differently Colored European Varieties of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Characterization of Their Antioxidant and In Vitro Anticancer Activities
Nutrition and cancer, 2016Co-Authors: Nemanja Stanisavljević, Marija Ilić, Ivana Z. Matić, Živko Jovanović, Tihomir Čupić, Dragana Dabić, Maja Natić, Živoslav TešićAbstract:To date little has been done on identification of major phenolic compounds responsible for anticancer and antioxidant properties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed coat extracts. In the present study, phenolic profile of the seed coat extracts from 10 differently Colored European Varieties has been determined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometer technique. Extracts of dark Colored Varieties with high total phenolic content (up to 46.56 mg GAE/g) exhibited strong antioxidant activities (measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl or DPPH assay, and ferric ion reducing and ferrous ion chelating capacity assays) which could be attributed to presence of gallic acid, epigallocatechin, naringenin, and apigenin. The aqueous extracts of dark Colored Varieties exert concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects on all tested malignant cell lines (human colon adenocarcinoma LS174, human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-453, human lung carcinoma A594, and myelogenous leukemia K562). Correlation analysis revealed that intensities of cytotoxic activity of the extracts strongly correlated with contents of epigallocatechin and luteolin. Cell cycle analysis on LS174 cells in the presence of caspase-3 inhibitor points out that extracts may activate other cell death modalities besides caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. The study provides evidence that seed coat extracts of dark Colored pea Varieties might be used as potential cancer-chemopreventive and complementary agents in cancer therapy.