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Courduriès Jérôme - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ce que fabrique la gestation pour autrui
Journal des anthropologues, 2016Co-Authors: Courduriès JérômeAbstract:La gestation pour autrui fait l’objet de nombreuses discussions éthiques, morales et politiques. Les questions importantes qu’elle soulève, relatives à la disponibilité du corps humain et à la dimension Commerciale de cette pratique dans certains États, dissimulent d’autres enjeux qui piquent la curiosité de l’anthropologue qui s’intéresse à la parenté et aux définitions de la personne. Cet article montrera que la gestation pour autrui, outre qu’elle est une technique médicale et parfois une pratique Commerciale, est aussi une pratique qui institue de la parenté.Surrogacy is the subject of many ethical, moral, and political discussions. The important questions that surrogacy raises concerning the availability of the human body and the Commercial aspect of this practice in certain countries obscure other issues that pique the curiosity of an anthropologist interested in kinship and definitions of being. This article discusses how surrogacy, a medical technology and at times a Commercial Operation, is also a practice that establishes kinship
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Ce que fabrique la gestation pour autrui
'OpenEdition', 2016Co-Authors: Courduriès JérômeAbstract:International audienceSurrogacy is the subject of many ethical, moral, and political discussions. The important questions that surrogacy raises concerning the availability of the human body and the Commercial aspect of this practice in certain countries obscure other issues that pique the curiosity of an anthropologist interested in kinship and definitions of being. This article discusses how surrogacy, a medical technology and at times a Commercial Operation, is also a practice that establishes kinship.La gestation pour autrui fait l’objet de nombreuses discussions éthiques, morales et politiques. Les questions importantes qu’elle soulève, relatives à la disponibilité du corps humain et à la dimension Commerciale de cette pratique dans certains États, dissimulent d’autres enjeux qui piquent la curiosité de l’anthropologue qui s’intéresse à la parenté et aux définitions de la personne. Cet article montrera que la gestation pour autrui, outre qu’elle est une technique médicale et parfois une pratique Commerciale, est aussi une pratique qui institue de la parenté
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Ce que fabrique la gestation pour autrui
Association française des anthropologues, 2016Co-Authors: Courduriès JérômeAbstract:National audienceSurrogacy is the subject of many ethical, moral, and political discussions. The important questions that surrogacy raises concerning the availability of the human body and the Commercial aspect of this practice in certain countries obscure other issues that pique the curiosity of an anthropologist interested in kinship and definitions of being. This article discusses how surrogacy, a medical technology and at times a Commercial Operation, is also a practice that establishes kinship.La gestation pour autrui fait l’objet de nombreuses discussions éthiques, morales et politiques. Les questions importantes qu’elle soulève, relatives à la disponibilité du corps humain et à la dimension Commerciale de cette pratique dans certains États, dissimulent d’autres enjeux qui piquent la curiosité de l’anthropologue qui s’intéresse à la parenté et aux définitions de la personne. Cet article montrera que la gestation pour autrui, outre qu’elle est une technique médicale et parfois une pratique Commerciale, est aussi une pratique qui institue de la parenté
Shinji Hasebe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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design and Commercial Operation of a discretely heat integrated distillation column
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2019Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Alessandro Ferrari, Shinji HasebeAbstract:Abstract The design procedure developed for a new type of heat-integrated distillation column was verified through the Operation data of a Commercial plant. In a conventional heat-integrated distillation column (HIDiC), optimal heat exchange cannot be achieved because the heat exchange between the rectifying section and the stripping section is executed through the wall at the same elevation physically. We have proposed a new process structure in which the heat exchange is executed between several pairs of stages in the rectifying and stripping sections; such a heat-integrated distillation column is hereafter called the discrete HIDiC (D-HIDiC). The energy-saving performance of D-HIDiC depends on the compositions to supply/remove the heat, the selection of the pair of stages to be heat-exchanged and the amount of heat transferred at each heat exchanger. We have developed a new graphical design procedure for D-HIDiC, in which a plausible design is interactively derived by using H-xy and T-xy diagram that is an extension of Ponchon–Savarit H-xy diagram. The proposed design procedure was applied to a design problem of a Commercially operating column at Maruzen Petrochemical, Japan, and the existing column was replaced with a newly installed D-HIDiC. Through stable Operation since August in 2016, it was verified that more than 55% energy conservation to the conventional distillation column could be achieved. In this paper, further energy conservation by modifying the Operation condition is discussed. The heat allocations to side heat exchangers have been changed by referring to the design result on the proposed H-xy and T-xy diagram. As the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor was decreased in comparison to the original Operation mode, the improvement of energy-saving was not so large. However, assuming the same adiabatic efficiency of the compressor, the simulation result has shown much better energy conservation compared to the original Operation mode. Real Operation data and simulation result demonstrated that the appropriate side heat exchanger allocation could achieve higher energy conservation. It was also verified that the direction of better operating condition can be obtained from the proposed design procedure by using H-xy and T-xy diagram.
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verification of energy conservation for discretely heat integrated distillation column through Commercial Operation
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2019Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Kazushi Yoshitani, Hidekazu Takahashi, Shinji HasebeAbstract:Abstract The heat exchange among the stages in the rectifying and stripping sections increases the possibility of energy conservation for a distillation column. From that point of view, an internal heat integrated distillation column called HIDiC was proposed. In the conventional HIDiC structure, as the stripping section and the pressurized rectifying section are provided in parallel, it is difficult to supply and remove the heat to and from the stages so that those are similar to the case of the reversible distillation. We showed in the previous paper that by executing the heat exchanges among the appropriately selected stages in the rectifying and stripping sections in discrete manner, the amount of enthalpy change to the composition change that is similar to the ideal form can be obtained. We also proposed a design methodology to achieve it, and demonstrated that the process designed by using the proposed methodology showed high energy conservation performance by process simulation studies. Here, such HIDiC is called “discretely heat integrated distillation column” (D-HIDiC). The D-HIDiC designed by the proposed methodology was applied to a Commercial purpose distillation column as the world first Commercial application of HIDiC technology. It was successfully operated at excellent energy conservation with zero reboiler duty in the stable Operation. In this research, the details of design results and the operating conditions of that Commercial plant are explained. Then, the energy conservation performance of the proposed D-HIDiC is verified through the comparison of the energy consumption among the proposed D-HIDiC, the conventional distillation column and the conventional HIDiC.
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design and Commercial Operation of a discretely heat integrated distillation column
Chemical engineering transactions, 2018Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Alessandro Ferrari, Shinji HasebeAbstract:In the conventional heat integrated distillation column (HIDiC), the optimal heat exchange cannot be achieved because the heat exchange between the rectifying section and the stripping section is executed through the wall at the physically same elevation. To be released from this constraint, authors have proposed a new process structure in which the heat exchange is executed between several pairs of stages in the rectifying and stripping sections, and such HIDiC is hereafter called the discrete HIDiC (D-HIDiC). Authors have also developed a new graphical design procedure for D-HIDiC, in which a plausible design is interactively derived using the extended Ponchon-Savarit H-xy diagram. The proposed procedure was applied to a design problem of Commercially operated column and subsequently D-HIDiC was applied at Maruzen Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Japan. Through the stable Operation since August in 2016, it was verified that more than 55% energy conservation to the conventional distillation column could be achieved.In this research, the design and operating conditions of the Commercially operating D-HIDiC are explained. Though the pairing of heat exchange stages cannot be changed in the Commercial Operation, the column has a function of adjusting the heat exchange rate at each side heat exchanger. By using this function, the heat allocation to side heat exchangers is modified so that the heat allocation is close to the optimal condition. The effect of proper allocation of heat to the side heat exchangers on the energy-saving performance is discussed using the actual operating data. It was demonstrated that appropriate side heat exchanger allocation having similar composition-enthalpy change as the reversible distillation can achieve higher energy conservation.
Toshihiro Wakabayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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design and Commercial Operation of a discretely heat integrated distillation column
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2019Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Alessandro Ferrari, Shinji HasebeAbstract:Abstract The design procedure developed for a new type of heat-integrated distillation column was verified through the Operation data of a Commercial plant. In a conventional heat-integrated distillation column (HIDiC), optimal heat exchange cannot be achieved because the heat exchange between the rectifying section and the stripping section is executed through the wall at the same elevation physically. We have proposed a new process structure in which the heat exchange is executed between several pairs of stages in the rectifying and stripping sections; such a heat-integrated distillation column is hereafter called the discrete HIDiC (D-HIDiC). The energy-saving performance of D-HIDiC depends on the compositions to supply/remove the heat, the selection of the pair of stages to be heat-exchanged and the amount of heat transferred at each heat exchanger. We have developed a new graphical design procedure for D-HIDiC, in which a plausible design is interactively derived by using H-xy and T-xy diagram that is an extension of Ponchon–Savarit H-xy diagram. The proposed design procedure was applied to a design problem of a Commercially operating column at Maruzen Petrochemical, Japan, and the existing column was replaced with a newly installed D-HIDiC. Through stable Operation since August in 2016, it was verified that more than 55% energy conservation to the conventional distillation column could be achieved. In this paper, further energy conservation by modifying the Operation condition is discussed. The heat allocations to side heat exchangers have been changed by referring to the design result on the proposed H-xy and T-xy diagram. As the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor was decreased in comparison to the original Operation mode, the improvement of energy-saving was not so large. However, assuming the same adiabatic efficiency of the compressor, the simulation result has shown much better energy conservation compared to the original Operation mode. Real Operation data and simulation result demonstrated that the appropriate side heat exchanger allocation could achieve higher energy conservation. It was also verified that the direction of better operating condition can be obtained from the proposed design procedure by using H-xy and T-xy diagram.
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verification of energy conservation for discretely heat integrated distillation column through Commercial Operation
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2019Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Kazushi Yoshitani, Hidekazu Takahashi, Shinji HasebeAbstract:Abstract The heat exchange among the stages in the rectifying and stripping sections increases the possibility of energy conservation for a distillation column. From that point of view, an internal heat integrated distillation column called HIDiC was proposed. In the conventional HIDiC structure, as the stripping section and the pressurized rectifying section are provided in parallel, it is difficult to supply and remove the heat to and from the stages so that those are similar to the case of the reversible distillation. We showed in the previous paper that by executing the heat exchanges among the appropriately selected stages in the rectifying and stripping sections in discrete manner, the amount of enthalpy change to the composition change that is similar to the ideal form can be obtained. We also proposed a design methodology to achieve it, and demonstrated that the process designed by using the proposed methodology showed high energy conservation performance by process simulation studies. Here, such HIDiC is called “discretely heat integrated distillation column” (D-HIDiC). The D-HIDiC designed by the proposed methodology was applied to a Commercial purpose distillation column as the world first Commercial application of HIDiC technology. It was successfully operated at excellent energy conservation with zero reboiler duty in the stable Operation. In this research, the details of design results and the operating conditions of that Commercial plant are explained. Then, the energy conservation performance of the proposed D-HIDiC is verified through the comparison of the energy consumption among the proposed D-HIDiC, the conventional distillation column and the conventional HIDiC.
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design and Commercial Operation of a discretely heat integrated distillation column
Chemical engineering transactions, 2018Co-Authors: Toshihiro Wakabayashi, Alessandro Ferrari, Shinji HasebeAbstract:In the conventional heat integrated distillation column (HIDiC), the optimal heat exchange cannot be achieved because the heat exchange between the rectifying section and the stripping section is executed through the wall at the physically same elevation. To be released from this constraint, authors have proposed a new process structure in which the heat exchange is executed between several pairs of stages in the rectifying and stripping sections, and such HIDiC is hereafter called the discrete HIDiC (D-HIDiC). Authors have also developed a new graphical design procedure for D-HIDiC, in which a plausible design is interactively derived using the extended Ponchon-Savarit H-xy diagram. The proposed procedure was applied to a design problem of Commercially operated column and subsequently D-HIDiC was applied at Maruzen Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Japan. Through the stable Operation since August in 2016, it was verified that more than 55% energy conservation to the conventional distillation column could be achieved.In this research, the design and operating conditions of the Commercially operating D-HIDiC are explained. Though the pairing of heat exchange stages cannot be changed in the Commercial Operation, the column has a function of adjusting the heat exchange rate at each side heat exchanger. By using this function, the heat allocation to side heat exchangers is modified so that the heat allocation is close to the optimal condition. The effect of proper allocation of heat to the side heat exchangers on the energy-saving performance is discussed using the actual operating data. It was demonstrated that appropriate side heat exchanger allocation having similar composition-enthalpy change as the reversible distillation can achieve higher energy conservation.
Vahidreza Ghezavati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integration of efficient multi objective ant colony and a heuristic method to solve a novel multi objective mixed load school bus routing model
Applied Soft Computing, 2018Co-Authors: Nazafarin Mokhtari, Vahidreza GhezavatiAbstract:Abstract In this paper, a novel mixed-load school bus routing problem (MLSBRP) is introduced. MLSBRP assumes that several students from different schools can simultaneously take a ride on the same bus. A bi-objective mixed integer linear programming (BO-MILP) formulation is proposed to model MLSBRP. The objectives are: a) minimizing the number of the buses; and b) minimizing the average riding time of the students. A hybrid multi-objective ant colony optimization (h-MOACO) algorithm, incorporating a novel routing heuristic algorithm, is developed to solve the associated BO-MILP. Performance of the proposed h-MOACO is compared with those achieved by Commercial Operation research software called CPLEX, and a customized NSGAII algorithm through multi-objective diversity and accuracy metrics over several small-size and large-size test problems, respectively. Sensitivity analysis are conducted on the main parameters of the MLSBRP. The computational results indicate the capability of the new proposed MLSBRP and suitability of the proposed h-MOACO algorithm.
Satoru Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current status and future plan of nuclear fuel cycle in japan with focus on human resource development
Energy Procedia, 2011Co-Authors: Satoru TanakaAbstract:Abstract Japan's basic nuclear policy isto reprocess spent fuel and to effectively use the recovered plutonium and uranium.MOX fuel utilization in LWRsispromotedin 16-18 reactors by FY2015. Commercial Operation of Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant is planned to start in 2012. Prototype reactor “Monju” restarted Operation in May 2010. From FY 2007, Fast Reactor Cycle Technology Development Project (FaCT project) started which focuses more toward the Commercialization stage FBR cycle. Basic scenario of Japan's R&D aims for realization of demonstrationFBR by around 2025 and introducing Commercial FBRs before 2050. Smooth transition fromLWR fuel cycle to FBR one is an important point.Fornuclear fuel cycle which requires long termR&D, human resources development and keeping isvitally important.