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Ralf Reintjes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Communicable Disease Control and health protection handbook
    2012
    Co-Authors: Jeremy Hawker, Norman Begg, Iain Blair, Ralf Reintjes, Julius Weinberg, Karl Ekdahl
    Abstract:

    Communicable Disease Control And Health Protection Handbook - Libros de Medicina - Enfermedades infecciosas - 67,20

  • comprar Communicable Disease Control and health protection handbook jeremy hawker 9781444335675 wiley
    2012
    Co-Authors: Jeremy Hawker, Norman Begg, Iain Blair, Ralf Reintjes, Julius Weinberg, Karl Ekdahl
    Abstract:

    Tienda online donde Comprar Communicable Disease Control And Health Protection Handbook al precio 70,56 € de Jeremy Hawker | Norman Begg | Iain Blair | Ralf Reintjes | Julius Weinberg | Karl Ekdahl, tienda de Libros de Medicina, Libros de Microbiologia y Enfermedades infecciosas - Enfermedades infecciosas

  • benchmarking national surveillance systems a new tool for the comparison of Communicable Disease surveillance and Control in europe
    2007
    Co-Authors: Ralf Reintjes, Martina Thelen, Ralf Reiche, Agnes Csohan
    Abstract:

    Background: Communicable Diseases do not respect national boundaries and are important challenges to health internationally. Considerable variation exists in the structure and performance of surveillance systems for Communicable Disease prevention and Control. European Union (EU) countries should share ideas to improve the quality of surveillance systems. The study aims to support the improvement and integration of surveillance systems of Communicable Diseases in Europe while using benchmarking for the comparison of national surveillance systems. Methods: Surveillance systems from England and Wales, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, and The Netherlands were described and analysed. After comprehensive data collection and validation by several European public health (PH) experts, a descriptive data analysis was carried out. Benchmarking processes were performed with selected criteria (e.g. case definitions, early warning applications, and outbreak investigations). After the description of benchmarks, best practices were identified and described. Results: Benchmarking of national surveillance systems is applicable as a new tool for the comparison of Communicable Disease Control in Europe. The countries included in the study have in general well-functioning Communicable Disease Control and prevention systems. Nevertheless, there are different strengths and weaknesses in various countries. Practical examples from the various surveillance systems were demonstrated and recommendations were given to policy makers. Conclusion: A gold standard of surveillance systems in various European countries is very difficult to achieve because of heterogeneity (e.g. in Disease burden, personal, and financial resources). However, to improve the quality of surveillance systems across Europe, it will be useful to benchmark the surveillance systems of all EU member states.

  • Communicable Disease Control handbook
    2001
    Co-Authors: Jeremy Hawker, Norman Begg, Iain Blair, Ralf Reintjes, Julius Weinberg
    Abstract:

    Section 1 - introduction section 2 - common topics section 3 - Diseases section 4 - services and organization section 5 - Communicable Disease Control in individual countries appendices - resources for the CCDC.

Katherine B Gibney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sociodemographic and geographical inequalities in notifiable infectious Diseases in australia a retrospective analysis of 21 years of national Disease surveillance data
    2017
    Co-Authors: Katherine B Gibney, Allen C Cheng, Robert Hall, Karin Leder
    Abstract:

    Summary Background Australia is a high-income country with a well established and largely publicly funded health-care system. However, some populations within Australia have shorter life expectancy and worse health outcomes than others. We explored geographical variations and sociodemographic inequities in infectious Disease notifications in Australia. Methods In this retrospective study, we analysed National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) notifications from 1991–2011 (n=2·4 million). We assessed the effect of socioeconomic disadvantage and remoteness of residence on national notification incidence. We calculated Gini coefficients, adjusted relative risks (aRRs), population attributable fractions (PAFs), and attributable notifications. We reported aRRs for Indigenous status in three jurisdictions with more than 75% completeness of Indigenous status reporting from the Northern Territory, South Australia, and Western Australia. Findings Of the eight most commonly notified Diseases from Jan 1, 1991, to Dec 31, 2011, gonococcal infection was the most geographically unequal and campylobacteriosis was the most evenly distributed across the country. Overall, notification incidence was higher in remote and very remote areas than in major cities (aRR 3·37), and higher in the most socioeconomically disadvantaged quintiles compared with less disadvantaged quintiles (aRR 1·15). The PAF for socioeconomic disadvantage was high for blood-borne viral hepatitis but decreased in other Disease groups. In 2011, sexually transmitted infections had 11 093 notifications attributed to remoteness and 5597 notifications attributable to socioeconomic disadvantage. Notification incidence was higher in Indigenous than in non-Indigenous Australians (aRR 5·3). Interpretation All Diseases had differing geographical concentration and sociodemographic risk. Overall, sociodemographic inequities in infectious Disease notifications have decreased, but remain unacceptably high. National Communicable Disease Control is complex, requiring both targeted and population-wide interventions. Funding None.

Richard Coker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Communicable Disease Control programmes and health systems an analytical approach to sustainability
    2015
    Co-Authors: Altynay Shigayeva, Richard Coker
    Abstract:

    There is renewed concern over the sustainability of Disease Control programmes, and re-emergence of policy recommendations to integrate programmes with general health systems. However, the conceptualization of this issue has remarkably received little critical attention. Additionally, the study of programmatic sustainability presents methodological challenges. In this article, we propose a conceptual framework to support analyses of sustainability of Communicable Disease programmes. Through this work, we also aim to clarify a link between notions of integration and sustainability. As a part of development of the conceptual framework, we conducted a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed literature on concepts, definitions, analytical approaches and empirical studies on sustainability in health systems. Identified conceptual proposals for analysis of sustainability in health systems lack an explicit conceptualization of what a health system is. Drawing upon theoretical concepts originating in sustainability sciences and our review here, we conceptualize a Communicable Disease programme as a component of a health system which is viewed as a complex adaptive system. We propose five programmatic characteristics that may explain a potential for sustainability: leadership, capacity, interactions (notions of integration), flexibility/adaptability and performance. Though integration of elements of a programme with other system components is important, its role in sustainability is context specific and difficult to predict. The proposed framework might serve as a basis for further empirical evaluations in understanding complex interplay between programmes and broader health systems in the development of sustainable responses to Communicable Diseases.

  • Communicable Disease Control and contemporary themes in public health law
    2006
    Co-Authors: Richard Coker
    Abstract:

    This, the article suggests, is‘a shocking indictment of Labour’s failure to updateVictorian quarantine laws’. Dr. Philip Monk, Con-sultant in Communicable Disease Control, wasquoted: ‘We cannot adequately protect peoplefrom infectious Diseases y This case illustrates thefailures of the current public health laws toperfection. There is an urgent need to reviewthem.’ The balance between civil liberties andpublic good is one issue at the heart of publichealth law, and infectious Diseases throw into reliefthese balancing tensions.

  • a framework and toolkit for capturing the Communicable Disease programmes within health systems tuberculosis Control as an illustrative example
    2004
    Co-Authors: Rifat Atun, N Lennoxchhugani, Francis Drobniewski, Yevgeniy Samyshkin, Richard Coker
    Abstract:

    The frameworks and methods used for analysis, monitoring and evaluation of Communicable Disease Control vary greatly. Although a number of manuals exist instruments for a detailed analysis of wider health system context are lacking. This is surprising given that the success of vertical programmes is often determined by the constraints of health systems. The importance of the context and the health system in determining the successful implementation of national tuberculosis programmes is well recognized by the WHO, which recommends analysis of national tuberculosis programmes within the context of health care system, health reform and the economic status of the country. However, current approaches inadequately capture intelligence on the health systems variables impacting on programme efficacy, limiting the ability of policy makers to draw lessons for wider use. A recent WHO report highlights the major systemic constraints to DOTS implementation and recommends a comprehensive and multi-sectoral approach to tuberculosis Control. This obviates the need for tools that take into account health systems issues as well as focusing on a particular vertical programme but no such comprehensive tool exists. This paper outlines the conceptual basis for a model and a toolkit for rapid assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of the context, the elements of the health system and vertical Communicable Disease programme. It describes the framework, the potential strengths and weaknesses, approach and piloting of the toolkit and its two elements: first for ‘horizontal assessment’ of the health system within which the programme is embedded and second for ‘vertical assessment’ of the infectious Disease-specific programme.

  • health care system frailties and public health Control of Communicable Disease on the european union s new eastern border
    2004
    Co-Authors: Richard Coker, Rifat Atun, Martin Mckee
    Abstract:

    In May, 2004, the border of the European Union (EU) will shift eastward such that the new frontier will be made up by Ukraine, Belarus, and a considerably longer Russian border. Here, we discuss three issues: first, the factors that have contributed to the growth of Communicable Disease in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus; second, how public health systems have responded to these challenges; and third, the implications for the EU as a whole. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have witnessed substantial political, social, and economic changes. These events have been reflected in changes in the epidemiology of Communicable Diseases, including tuberculosis and HIV (ie, HIV-1). Moreover, public health systems, rooted in Soviet traditions, are struggling to respond effectively to the challenges of resurgent infectious Diseases, such as tuberculosis, and newly emergent challenges such as HIV. The changing patterns of Communicable Diseases east of the EU's new border has implications for how the EU aids the strengthening of public health systems east of the new frontier. Transborder spread of Communicable Diseases also challenges Communicable Disease Control systems within the EU. Concerted action is needed by member states and the EU, building on models of cooperation between institutions that have been successful in areas beyond health, if public health systems are to meet the emerging challenges to Communicable Disease Control.

Karl Ekdahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Priya Dhadwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effectiveness of targeting the health promotion settings for non Communicable Disease Control in low middle income countries systematic review protocol
    2018
    Co-Authors: Gursimer Jeet, J S Thakur, Shankar Prinja, Meenu Singh, Ronika Paika, Kunjan Kunjan, Priya Dhadwal
    Abstract:

    Introduction Settings-based approaches to health promotion, involving holistic and multidisciplinary methods, which integrate action across risk factors are important. Major advantage of focusing on these settings is the continuous and intensive contact with the participant. Despite the apparent advantages of addressing non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) using targeted interventions for several developed country settings, a relative lack of evidence of effectiveness of such interventions in low/middle-income countries has led to poor allocation of resources towards these interventions. The focus is therefore on the settings rather than any one condition, and we therefore expect the findings to generalise to NCD prevention and Control efforts. We intend to estimate the effectiveness of targeted interventions in low/middle-income countries. Methods and analysis We will search PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, OVID, WHO Library and The Cochrane Library from the year 2000 to March 2018 without language restrictions. Study designs to be included will be randomised Controlled trials. The primary outcome of effectiveness will be the percentage change in population having different behavioural risk factors. Subgroup analyses will be performed, and sensitivity analyses will be conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. Ethics and dissemination No ethical issues are foreseen. The Institute Ethics Committee of the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research approved the doctoral research protocol under which this review is being done. Dissemination will be done by submitting scientific articles to academic peer-reviewed journals. We will present the results at relevant conferences and meetings. Study design Systematic review. PROSPERO registration number CRD42016042647; Pre-results.