The Experts below are selected from a list of 44910 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tobias Kretschmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive reactions at the group level
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias Kretschmer, Stephan BohmerhorlanderAbstract:We offer a new perspective on Competitive dynamics research by analyzing firms’ reactions to groups of rivals, both at the industry and the strategic group level. We propose that firms observe a buildup of rival actions and perceive increasing ‘Competitive Pressure’ to respond, which results in greater action volume. Data on the German mobile telephony supports our argument: the volume of firms’ actions is influenced by a buildup of actions by multiple rivals, and firms react more strongly to rivals in their own strategic group.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive reactions at the group level
Industry and Innovation, 2019Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Stephan Bohmerhorlander, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:We offer a new perspective on Competitive dynamics research by analyzing firms’ reactions to groups of rivals, both at the industry and the strategic group level. We propose that firms observe a bu...
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Competitive Pressure Competitive dynamics as reactions to multiple rivals
Research Papers in Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:Competitive dynamics research has focused primarily on interactions between dyads of firms. Drawing on the awareness-motivation-capability framework and strategic group theory we extend this by proposing that firms’ actions are influenced by perceived Competitive Pressure resulting from actions by several rivals. We predict that firms’ action magnitude is influenced by the total number of rival actions accumulating in the market, and that this effect is moderated by strategic group membership. We test this using data on the German mobile telephony market and find them supported: the magnitude of firm’s actions is influenced by a buildup of actions by multiple rivals, and firms react more strongly to strategically similar rivals.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive dynamics as reactions to multiple rivals
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:Research on Competitive dynamics has focused primarily on interactions between pairs of firms (dyads). Drawing on the awareness-motivation-capability framework and strategic group theory we extend this perspective by proposing that firms? actions are influenced by perceived Competitive Pressure resulting from actions by several rivals. Specifically, we predict that firms? actions magnitude is influenced by the total number of rival actions accumulating in the market, and that this effect is moderated by firm type. We test our propositions with data on the German market for mobile telephony and find them supported: the magnitude of firm?s actions is influenced by previous competitor actions and firms react more strongly to rivals of their own type (incumbents or challengers).
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Competitive Pressure and the adoption of complementary innovations
Social Science Research Network, 2009Co-Authors: Tobias Kretschmer, Eugenio J Miravete, Jose C PerniasAbstract:Liberalization of the European automobile distribution system in 2002 limits the ability of manufacturers to impose vertical restraints, leading to a substantial restructuring of the industry and increasing the Competitive Pressure among dealers. We estimate an equilibrium model of profit maximization to evaluate how dealers change their innovation strategies with this regime change. Using French data we evaluate the existence of complementarities among adoptions of innovations and the scale of production. We conclude that as firms expand their scale of production they concentrate their effort in one type of innovation only. Results are robust to the existence of unobserved heterogeneity.
Leon Zucchini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive reactions at the group level
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias Kretschmer, Stephan BohmerhorlanderAbstract:We offer a new perspective on Competitive dynamics research by analyzing firms’ reactions to groups of rivals, both at the industry and the strategic group level. We propose that firms observe a buildup of rival actions and perceive increasing ‘Competitive Pressure’ to respond, which results in greater action volume. Data on the German mobile telephony supports our argument: the volume of firms’ actions is influenced by a buildup of actions by multiple rivals, and firms react more strongly to rivals in their own strategic group.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive reactions at the group level
Industry and Innovation, 2019Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Stephan Bohmerhorlander, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:We offer a new perspective on Competitive dynamics research by analyzing firms’ reactions to groups of rivals, both at the industry and the strategic group level. We propose that firms observe a bu...
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Competitive Pressure Competitive dynamics as reactions to multiple rivals
Research Papers in Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:Competitive dynamics research has focused primarily on interactions between dyads of firms. Drawing on the awareness-motivation-capability framework and strategic group theory we extend this by proposing that firms’ actions are influenced by perceived Competitive Pressure resulting from actions by several rivals. We predict that firms’ action magnitude is influenced by the total number of rival actions accumulating in the market, and that this effect is moderated by strategic group membership. We test this using data on the German mobile telephony market and find them supported: the magnitude of firm’s actions is influenced by a buildup of actions by multiple rivals, and firms react more strongly to strategically similar rivals.
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Competitive Pressure Competitive dynamics as reactions to multiple rivals
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Leon Zucchini, Tobias KretschmerAbstract:Research on Competitive dynamics has focused primarily on interactions between pairs of firms (dyads). Drawing on the awareness-motivation-capability framework and strategic group theory we extend this perspective by proposing that firms? actions are influenced by perceived Competitive Pressure resulting from actions by several rivals. Specifically, we predict that firms? actions magnitude is influenced by the total number of rival actions accumulating in the market, and that this effect is moderated by firm type. We test our propositions with data on the German market for mobile telephony and find them supported: the magnitude of firm?s actions is influenced by previous competitor actions and firms react more strongly to rivals of their own type (incumbents or challengers).
Pedro Reybiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Competitive Pressure widens the gender gap in performance evidence from a two stage competition in mathematics
The Economic Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Nagore Iriberri, Pedro ReybielAbstract:In two-stage elimination math contests, participants from four different age groups compete to pass from stage 1 to stage 2 and later to be among the winners. Although female participants have higher maths grades at school the gender gap reverses in the two stages of the contests. More importantly, following the same individual participant across different stages, we find that the gender gap in performance increases from stage 1 to stage 2. The increase in female underperformance is attributed to higher Competitive Pressure and alternative explanations based on selection, discrimination and differences in reaction to increasing difficulty are ruled out.
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Competitive Pressure widens the gender gap in performance evidence from a two stage competition in mathematics
Social Science Research Network, 2016Co-Authors: Nagore Iriberri, Pedro ReybielAbstract:In two-stage elimination math contests participants from four different age groups compete to pass from stage 1 to stage 2 and later to be among the winners. Although female participants have higher Math grades at school the gender gap reverses in the two stages of the contests. More importantly, following the same individual participant across different stages, we find that the gender gap in performance increases from stage 1 to stage 2 of the competition. The increase in female underperformance is attributed to higher Competitive Pressure and alternative explanations based on selection, discrimination and differences in reaction to increasing difficulty are ruled out.
Jozef Konings - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of privatization and Competitive Pressure on firms price cost margins micro evidence from emerging economies
The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2005Co-Authors: Jozef Konings, Patrick Van Cayseele, Frederic WarzynskiAbstract:This paper uses representative panel data on 1,701 Bulgarian and 2,047 Romanian manufacturing firms to analyze how price-cost margins are affected by privatization and Competitive Pressure. Privatization is associated with higher price-cost margins. This effect is stronger in highly Competitive sectors, which suggests that the creation of Competitive markets and privatization go together. It also suggests that privatized firms reduce costs rather than increase prices, as in highly Competitive markets firms are more likely pricetakers. Import penetration is associated with lower price-cost margins in sectors where product market concentration is high, but in more Competitive sectors this effect is reversed.
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the effects of privatization and Competitive Pressure on firms price cost margins micro evidence from emerging economies
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Jozef Konings, Patrick Van Cayseele, Frederic WarzynskiAbstract:This Paper uses representative firm level panel data of 1,701 Bulgarian and 2,047 Romanian manufacturing firms to estimate market power (i.e. price-cost margins) and to analyse how these are affected by privatization and increased Competitive Pressure. In contrast to earlier work that analyses the effect of ownership on firm performance, the estimation method we use deals with potential endogeneity problems that are associated with estimating firm performance, by making use of the properties of the primal and dual Solow residual. State-owned enterprises have lower price-cost margins than privatized and foreign owned firms, which suggests that state-owned enterprises price closer to marginal costs and are more concerned with maximizing social welfare (allocative efficiency). An alternative interpretation is that state-owned firms have higher costs than private firms. Foreign-owned firms have the highest price-cost margins. Also privatized domestic-owned firms have higher price-cost margins than state-owned enterprises. In addition, our results give support to the idea that opening to trade has a disciplining effect on firms’ market power. We find that increased import penetration is associated with lower price cost margins in sectors where product market concentration is relatively high.
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the effect of ownership and Competitive Pressure on firm performance in transition countries micro evidence from bulgaria romania and poland
2001Co-Authors: Manuela Angelucci, Saul Estrin, Jozef Konings, Zbigniew ZolkiewskiAbstract:This Paper uses a unique representative firm level data set to analyse the effect of domestic and international Competitive Pressure and ownership changes in three emerging economies, Bulgaria Poland and Romania. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: Domestic Competitive Pressure, measured by market structure, and increased import penetration are associated with higher firm performance in Poland irrespective of the ownership structure of firms. Furthermore the positive effects of increased import competition are reinforced for foreign owned firms. In contrast, in Bulgaria and Romania, increased import penetration is associated with lower firm performance, while there is some evidence that more Competitive market structures are associated with higher total factor productivity. These effects depend, however, on the ownership structure of firms, which suggests the existence of complementarities between Competitive Pressure and ownership changes. The results also indicate that privatisation has positive effects on firm performance. In particular, domestic private firms and foreign-owned firms outperform state-owned firms. Furthermore, there is evidence that foreign-owned firms do better than domestically-owned private firms especially in Bulgaria and Poland. The results on ownership are somewhat weaker for Romania.
Kristin Michelitch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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information dissemination Competitive Pressure and politician performance between elections a field experiment in uganda
American Political Science Review, 2018Co-Authors: Guy Grossman, Kristin MichelitchAbstract:Politicians shirk when their performance is obscure to constituents. We theorize that when politician performance information is disseminated early in the electoral term, politicians will subsequently improve their performance in anticipation of changes in citizens’ evaluative criteria and possible challenger entry in the next election. However, politicians may only respond in constituencies where opposition has previously mounted. We test these predictions in partnership with a Ugandan civil society organization in a multiyear field experiment conducted in 20 district governments between the 2011 and 2016 elections. While the organization published yearly job duty performance scorecards for all incumbents, it disseminated the scorecards to constituents for randomly selected politicians. These dissemination efforts induced politicians to improve performance across a range of measures, but only in Competitive constituencies . Service delivery was unaffected. We conclude that, conditional on electoral Pressure, transparency can improve politicians’ performance between elections but not outcomes outside of their control.
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Information Dissemination, Competitive Pressure, and Politician Performance between Elections: A Field Experiment in Uganda
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Guy Grossman, Kristin MichelitchAbstract:Politicians regularly underperform in their job duties due to the obscurity of their actions to constituents. In this study, we investigate the effects of a local NGO's initiative to improve the transparency of politicians' performance in a multi-year field experiment involving 408 politicians in 20 Ugandan district governments between the 2011 and 2016 elections. The NGO assembled annual performance scorecards to rate how well politicians carried out their legally defined job duties, and presented them to all politicians in plenary sessions. For randomly-selected politicians, the scorecard was additionally disseminated to constituents for two mid-term years. We find that scorecard dissemination to citizens improved politicians' subsequent performance across a range of performance measures, but only in Competitive constituencies. These findings suggest that, conditional on electoral Pressure, performance transparency can improve politicians' performance between elections. Service delivery, affected by the performance of many diverse government actors other than politicians, was unaffected.