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Kingsley E Agho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • trends in Complementary Feeding indicators in nigeria 2003 2013
    BMJ Open, 2015
    Co-Authors: Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Andrew Page, John Idoko, Fernanda Claudio, Kingsley E Agho
    Abstract:

    Objective The study aimed to examine secular trends and determinants of changes in Complementary Feeding indicators in Nigeria. Design, setting and participants Data on 79 953 children aged 6–23 months were obtained from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) for the period spanning 2003–2013. The surveys used a stratified two-stage cluster sample of eligible mothers aged 15–49 years from the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Trends in Complementary Feeding indicators and socioeconomic, health service and individual characteristics including factors associated with Complementary Feeding indicators were examined using multilevel logistic regression analyses. Results Minimum dietary diversity for children aged 6–23 months worsened from 26% in 2003 to 16% in 2013. Minimum meal frequency improved from 43% in 2003 to 56% in 2013 and minimum acceptable diet worsened from 11% to 9%. Among educated mothers, there was a decreasing prevalence of the introduction of solid, semisolid and soft foods in infants aged 6–8 months (67% in 2003 to 57% in 2013); minimum dietary diversity (33% in 2003 to 24% in 2013) and minimum acceptable diet (13% in 2003 to 8% in 2013). Mothers with a higher education level and mothers who reported more health service contacts were more likely to meet the minimum dietary diversity. Similarly, the odds for minimum acceptable diet were higher among mothers from higher socioeconomic status groups and mothers who reported frequent health services use. Conclusions Complementary Feeding practices in Nigeria declined over the study period and are below the expected levels required to ensure adequate growth and development of Nigerian children. National policies and programmes that ensure sustainability of projects post-MDGs and higher health service coverage for mothers, including community-based education initiatives, are proposed to improve Complementary Feeding practices among Nigerian mothers.

  • The problem of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices in West Africa: what is the way forward?
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Abukari I. Issaka, Andrew Page, Kingsley E Agho, Penelope Burns, Garry Stevens, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    The objective of this paper was to review the policy implications of inadequate Complementary Feeding among children aged 6–23 months in West Africa. The review was undertaken from the initial results and findings from a series of studies on the comparison of Complementary Feeding indicators among children aged 6–23 months in four anglophone and seven francophone West African countries. It also examined a study of the determinants of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months in those countries. Among the four Complementary Feeding indicators, it was only the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods that was adequate among children in all the West African countries surveyed. The rates of the other Complementary Feeding indicators were found to be inadequate in all countries surveyed, although relatively better among children in the anglophone countries. Alarmingly, low rates of minimum acceptable diet were reported among children from both the anglophone and the francophone countries. Infants 6–11 months of age, children living in poor households, administrative/geographical regional differences and mothers’ access to the media were some of the common risk factors for optimal Complementary Feeding practices in these countries. Assessing Complementary Feeding indicators and determinants of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices in these West African countries is crucial to improving infant and young child Feeding practices. It is recommended that governments and stakeholders of the West African countries studied make greater efforts to improve these critical practices in order to reduce child morbidity and mortality in the West Africa sub-region. Intervention studies on Complementary Feeding should target those socio-demographic factors that pose risks to optimal Complementary Feeding.

  • determinants of inadequate Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6 23 months in ghana
    Public Health Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Abukari I. Issaka, Andrew Page, Kingsley E Agho, Penelope Burns, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE: To explore Complementary Feeding practices and identify potential risk factors associated with inadequate Complementary Feeding practices in Ghana by using the newly developed WHO infant Feeding indicators and data from the nationally representative 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. DESIGN: The source of data for the analysis was the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Analysis of the factors associated with inadequate Complementary Feeding, using individual-, household- and community-level determinants, was done by performing multiple logistic regression modelling. SETTING: Ghana. SUBJECTS: Children (n 822) aged 6-23 months. RESULTS: The prevalence of the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among infants aged 6-8 months was 72.6 % (95 % CI 64.6 %, 79.3 %). The proportion of children aged 6-23 months who met the minimum meal frequency and dietary diversity for breast-fed and non-breast-fed children was 46.0 % (95 % CI 42.3 %, 49.9 %) and 51.4 % (95 % CI 47.4 %, 55.3 %) respectively and the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet for breast-fed children was 29.9 % (95 % CI 26.1 %, 34.1 %). Multivariate analysis revealed that children from the other administrative regions were less likely to meet minimum dietary diversity, meal frequency and acceptable diet than those from the Volta region. Household poverty, children whose mothers perceived their size to be smaller than average and children who were delivered at home were significantly less likely to meet the minimum dietary diversity requirement; and children whose mothers did not have any postnatal check-ups were significantly less likely to meet the requirement for minimum acceptable diet. Complementary Feeding was significantly lower in infants from illiterate mothers (adjusted OR=3.55; 95 % CI 1.05, 12.02). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Complementary Feeding among children in Ghana is still below the WHO-recommended standard of 90 % coverage. Non-attendance of postnatal check-up by mothers, cultural beliefs and habits, household poverty, home delivery of babies and non-Christian mothers were the most important risk factors for inadequate Complementary Feeding practices. Therefore, nutrition educational interventions to improve Complementary Feeding practices should target these factors in order to achieve the fourth Millennium Development Goal.

  • factors associated with inappropriate Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6 23 months in tanzania
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rose Victor, Kingsley E Agho, Surinder Baines, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    Inappropriate Complementary Feeding is one of the major causes of undernutrition among young children in Tanzania. Prevalence of newly developed World Health Organization Complementary Feeding indicators and their associated factors were determined among 2402 children aged 6-23 months in Tanzania using data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. The survey used a multistage cluster sample of 10 300 households from the eight geographical zones in the country. The prevalence of the introduction of soft semi-solid or solid foods among infants aged 6-8 months was 92.3%. Of all the children aged 6-23 months the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity meal frequency and acceptable diet were 38.2% 38.6% and 15.9% respectively. Results from multivariate analyses indicated that the main risk factors for inappropriate Complementary Feeding practices in Tanzania include young childs age (6-11 months) lower level of paternal/maternal education limited access to mass media lack of post-natal check-ups and poor economic status. Overall Complementary Feeding practices in Tanzania as measured by dietary diversity meal frequency and acceptable diet are not adequately met and there is a need for interventions to improve the nutritional status of young children in Tanzania. (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Christopher Duggan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • nutritional status and Complementary Feeding among hiv exposed infants a prospective cohort study
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pili Kamenju, Ellen Hertzmark, Donna Spiegelman, Rodrick Kisenge, Roland Kupka, Said Aboud, Karim P Manji, Christopher Duggan
    Abstract:

    Complementary Feeding is crucial for improving child survival and promoting growth and development, particularly among HIV-exposed children who have higher risk of morbidity and mortality than their un-exposed peers. This prospective study employed an infant and child Feeding index (ICFI) to measure Complementary Feeding and determine its association with nutritional status among 2092 HIV-exposed infants followed from 6 to 24 months of age in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The ICFI measured both quality and quantity of Complementary Feeding, including current breastFeeding status, food consistency, dietary diversity scores (DDS), food group frequency score, and meal frequency. The ICFI score ranged from 0 to 9; the median score was 6 (Inter-Quartile Range, IQR= 4–7). After adjusting for potential confounders, high ICFI scores were associated with reduced risk of stunting (high vs. low tertile hazard ratio, HR: 0.72; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.57, 0.91; P< 0.01) and underweight (high vs. low tertile HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.61, 1.02; P= 0.07). Low DDS were associated with higher risk of stunting (low vs. high tertile HR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.07; P< 0.01) and underweight (low vs. high tertile HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.96; P= 0.01). In this setting, high DDS and ICFI scores were protective of stunting and underweight. We recommend for nutrition programs in low-income countries to emphasize educating HIV-exposed children's caregivers on the importance of dietary diversity and optimal Complementary Feeding to improve nutritional status in this important subpopulation.

Michael J. Dibley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The problem of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices in West Africa: what is the way forward?
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Abukari I. Issaka, Andrew Page, Kingsley E Agho, Penelope Burns, Garry Stevens, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    The objective of this paper was to review the policy implications of inadequate Complementary Feeding among children aged 6–23 months in West Africa. The review was undertaken from the initial results and findings from a series of studies on the comparison of Complementary Feeding indicators among children aged 6–23 months in four anglophone and seven francophone West African countries. It also examined a study of the determinants of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months in those countries. Among the four Complementary Feeding indicators, it was only the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods that was adequate among children in all the West African countries surveyed. The rates of the other Complementary Feeding indicators were found to be inadequate in all countries surveyed, although relatively better among children in the anglophone countries. Alarmingly, low rates of minimum acceptable diet were reported among children from both the anglophone and the francophone countries. Infants 6–11 months of age, children living in poor households, administrative/geographical regional differences and mothers’ access to the media were some of the common risk factors for optimal Complementary Feeding practices in these countries. Assessing Complementary Feeding indicators and determinants of suboptimal Complementary Feeding practices in these West African countries is crucial to improving infant and young child Feeding practices. It is recommended that governments and stakeholders of the West African countries studied make greater efforts to improve these critical practices in order to reduce child morbidity and mortality in the West Africa sub-region. Intervention studies on Complementary Feeding should target those socio-demographic factors that pose risks to optimal Complementary Feeding.

  • determinants of inadequate Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6 23 months in ghana
    Public Health Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Abukari I. Issaka, Andrew Page, Kingsley E Agho, Penelope Burns, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE: To explore Complementary Feeding practices and identify potential risk factors associated with inadequate Complementary Feeding practices in Ghana by using the newly developed WHO infant Feeding indicators and data from the nationally representative 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. DESIGN: The source of data for the analysis was the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Analysis of the factors associated with inadequate Complementary Feeding, using individual-, household- and community-level determinants, was done by performing multiple logistic regression modelling. SETTING: Ghana. SUBJECTS: Children (n 822) aged 6-23 months. RESULTS: The prevalence of the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among infants aged 6-8 months was 72.6 % (95 % CI 64.6 %, 79.3 %). The proportion of children aged 6-23 months who met the minimum meal frequency and dietary diversity for breast-fed and non-breast-fed children was 46.0 % (95 % CI 42.3 %, 49.9 %) and 51.4 % (95 % CI 47.4 %, 55.3 %) respectively and the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet for breast-fed children was 29.9 % (95 % CI 26.1 %, 34.1 %). Multivariate analysis revealed that children from the other administrative regions were less likely to meet minimum dietary diversity, meal frequency and acceptable diet than those from the Volta region. Household poverty, children whose mothers perceived their size to be smaller than average and children who were delivered at home were significantly less likely to meet the minimum dietary diversity requirement; and children whose mothers did not have any postnatal check-ups were significantly less likely to meet the requirement for minimum acceptable diet. Complementary Feeding was significantly lower in infants from illiterate mothers (adjusted OR=3.55; 95 % CI 1.05, 12.02). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Complementary Feeding among children in Ghana is still below the WHO-recommended standard of 90 % coverage. Non-attendance of postnatal check-up by mothers, cultural beliefs and habits, household poverty, home delivery of babies and non-Christian mothers were the most important risk factors for inadequate Complementary Feeding practices. Therefore, nutrition educational interventions to improve Complementary Feeding practices should target these factors in order to achieve the fourth Millennium Development Goal.

  • factors associated with inappropriate Complementary Feeding practices among children aged 6 23 months in tanzania
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rose Victor, Kingsley E Agho, Surinder Baines, Michael J. Dibley
    Abstract:

    Inappropriate Complementary Feeding is one of the major causes of undernutrition among young children in Tanzania. Prevalence of newly developed World Health Organization Complementary Feeding indicators and their associated factors were determined among 2402 children aged 6-23 months in Tanzania using data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. The survey used a multistage cluster sample of 10 300 households from the eight geographical zones in the country. The prevalence of the introduction of soft semi-solid or solid foods among infants aged 6-8 months was 92.3%. Of all the children aged 6-23 months the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity meal frequency and acceptable diet were 38.2% 38.6% and 15.9% respectively. Results from multivariate analyses indicated that the main risk factors for inappropriate Complementary Feeding practices in Tanzania include young childs age (6-11 months) lower level of paternal/maternal education limited access to mass media lack of post-natal check-ups and poor economic status. Overall Complementary Feeding practices in Tanzania as measured by dietary diversity meal frequency and acceptable diet are not adequately met and there is a need for interventions to improve the nutritional status of young children in Tanzania. (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Melissa A. Theurich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • perspective novel commercial packaging and devices for Complementary Feeding
    Advances in Nutrition, 2018
    Co-Authors: Melissa A. Theurich
    Abstract:

    : In recent years, so-called baby food pouches and other novel packaging and devices have been marketed for Complementary Feeding. To date, no experimental studies have been conducted to determine health and nutrition effects or the safety of baby food pouches and related Feeding devices. Yet, these products hold the potential to fundamentally change the ways in which infants and children consume solid foods in infancy and early childhood. In this review, a selection of Complementary Feeding devices and their potential effects on breastFeeding, formula-Feeding, safe and appropriate Complementary Feeding, and the timely transition to family foods are explored. Because manufacturers have innovated older designs of traditional Feeding bottles and pacifiers for Complementary Feeding, perspectives on potential health effects and the safety of devices are drawn from research on Feeding bottles and pacifiers. Recommendations include scaling up research on the safety, nutrition, and health impacts of commercial packaging and devices. In addition, manufacturers should ensure that devices conform to consumer product safety commission specifications and that instructions for use are in line with policies protecting pediatric dental health. Marketing of commercial devices and packaging should conform to the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes.

  • Complementary Feeding and obesity risk.
    Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2014
    Co-Authors: Veit Grote, Melissa A. Theurich
    Abstract:

    Purpose of reviewThis article will summarize recent progress in research in the area of Complementary Feeding as it relates to childhood obesity. Newly emerged findings demonstrate how research on contributing factors has shifted. Examining nutrient and caloric intakes alone has failed to answer the

Kim F Michaelsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • emerging issues in Complementary Feeding global aspects
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kim F Michaelsen, Laurence M Grummerstrawn
    Abstract:

    The Complementary Feeding period (6–24 months) is a window of opportunity for preventing stunting, wasting, overweight, and obesity and for improving long-term development and health. Because WHO published its guiding principles for Complementary Feeding in 2003, new knowledge and evidence have been generated in the area of child Feeding. The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the emerging issues in Complementary Feeding and potential implications on the guidelines revision. Evidence on the effect of the quality and quantity of protein and fat intake on child growth during the Complementary Feeding period is summarized. The increased availability of sugar-containing beverages and unhealthy snack foods and its negative effect on young child's diet is described. Negative effects of nonresponsive Feeding and force Feeding are also discussed, although few scientific studies have addressed these issues. There are several emerging research areas that are likely to provide a better understanding of how Complementary Feeding influences growth, development, and health. These include the effect of the young child's diet on body composition, gastrointestinal microbiota, and environmental enteric dysfunction. However, at present, findings from these research areas are not likely to influence guidelines. Several emerging issues will be relevant to address when Complementary Feeding guidelines will be updated. With the increasing prevalence of obesity globally, it is important that guidelines on Complementary Feeding address both prevention of undernutrition and prevention of overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable diseases later in life.

  • contextualising Complementary Feeding in a broader framework for stunting prevention
    Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2013
    Co-Authors: Christine P Stewart, Kim F Michaelsen, Kathryn G. Dewey, Lora Iannotti, Adelheid W Onyango
    Abstract:

    An estimated 165 million children are stunted due to the combined effects of poor nutrition, repeated infection and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. The Complementary Feeding period, generally corresponding to age 6-24 months, represents an important period of sensitivity to stunting with lifelong, possibly irrevocable conse- quences. Interventions to improve Complementary Feeding practices or the nutritional quality of Complementary foods must take into consideration the contextual as well as proximal determinants of stunting. This review presents a conceptual framework that highlights the role of Complementary Feeding within the layers of con- textual and causal factors that lead to stunted growth and development and the resulting short- and long-term consequences. Contextual factors are organized into the following groups: political economy; health and health care systems; education; society and culture; agriculture and food systems; and water, sanitation and environ- ment. We argue that these community and societal conditions underlie infant and young child Feeding practices, which are a central pillar to healthy growth and development, and can serve to either impede or enable progress. Effectiveness studies with a strong process evaluation component are needed to identify transdisciplinary solutions. Programme and policy interventions aimed at preventing stunting should be informed by careful assessment of these factors at all levels.

  • Science base of Complementary Feeding practice in infancy.
    Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kim F Michaelsen, Anni Larnkjær, Lotte Lauritzen, Christian Mølgaard
    Abstract:

    Purpose of reviewThe review presents a selection of publications on Complementary Feeding in industrialized countries during 2008–2009, after the publication of the ESPGHAN position paper in early 2008.Recent findingsThe WHO recommendation for introduction of Complementary Feeding at 6 months is ada

  • Complementary Feeding a commentary by the espghan committee on nutrition
    Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 2008
    Co-Authors: Carlo Agostoni, Kim F Michaelsen, Berthold Koletzko, Tamas Decsi, Mary Fewtrell, Olivier Goulet, Sanja Kolacek, Luis A Moreno, John W L Puntis, Jacques Rigo
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThis position paper on Complementary Feeding summarizes evidence for health effects of Complementary foods. It focuses on healthy infants in Europe. After reviewing current knowledge and practices, we have formulated these conclusions: Exclusive or full breast-Feeding for about 6 months is a

  • Cows' Milk in Complementary Feeding
    Pediatrics, 2000
    Co-Authors: Kim F Michaelsen
    Abstract:

    If breastFeeding is continued at a high rate into the second year of life, and if the Complementary diet contains reasonable amounts of animal protein from meat, fish, or eggs, most infants will thrive without cows' milk. This is the situation in some traditional societies, where milk is not available or where there is no tradition for Feeding cows' milk. However, in most populations in the world there is a strong tradition of using cows' milk as an important part of the Complementary diet. This article will discuss different aspects of the use of cows' milk in Complementary Feeding (Table 1) and will highlight areas where there is a need for further research. The use of infant formula and follow-up formula will not be covered, despite the fact that they are usually based on cows' milk. View this table: Table 1. Positive and Negative Aspects of the Use of Cows' Milk During the Period of Complementary Feeding ### Homemade Infant Formula There is universal agreement that homemade formula based on unmodified cows' milk should not be used as a breast milk substitute, especially during early infancy because the composition differs considerably from breast milk. Homemade formula is used in some populations because of economic constraints or tradition, and is less harmful than unmodified cows' milk. For this reason, the recipe for making a homemade formula is given in the recent Canadian …