Underweight

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Barry M Popkin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • recent Underweight and overweight trends by rural urban residence among women in low and middle income countries
    Journal of Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Lindsay M Jaacks, Meghan M Slining, Barry M Popkin
    Abstract:

    Background: Long-term trends mask critical recent dynamics in the prevalence of under- and overweight. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare annualized prevalence rates of both under- and overweight among nonpregnant women aged 19–49 y during the periods covering 1) the 1990s–the early 2000s and 2) the early 2000s–the late 2000s or early 2010s, by rural–urban residence. Methods: Data are from nationally representative surveys (29 Demographic and Health Surveys and 4 national surveys). Standardized protocols were used to measure weight and height. Underweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 and overweight as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Results: From the 1990s to the early 2000s, most countries were making progress on decreasing the prevalence of Underweight, especially in rural areas. Although many countries continued to make progress more recently, several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that previously had a decreasing prevalence of Underweight now have an increasing prevalence of Underweight. For example, in rural areas of Senegal, the prevalence of Underweight decreased 0.23% annually between 1992 and 2005, then increased 1.60% annually between 2005 and 2010. Meanwhile, the prevalence of overweight is increasing in nearly all countries, and in approximately half of all countries, the rate of increase is greater in rural areas than in urban areas. Although Underweight persists as more prevalent than overweight in rural areas of many East Asian, South Asian, and Sub-Saharan African countries, the ratio of Underweight to overweight in many countries has decreased over time, indicating that this trend is reversing. Conclusions: Select countries in Sub-Saharan Africa may be more susceptible to food crises and should be targets for intervention. At the same time, global health efforts need to focus on preventing overweight, particularly in rural areas, which are quickly catching up to their urban counterparts.

  • overweight exceeds Underweight among women in most developing countries
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2005
    Co-Authors: Michelle A. Mendez, Barry M Popkin
    Abstract:

    Background: It is generally believed that overweight is less prevalent than undernutrition in the developing world, particularly in rural areas, and that it is concentrated in higher socioeconomic status (SES) groups. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of adult female overweight and Underweight in the developing world by using categories of urban or rural status and SES strata. Design: Body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2 ) data collected in 36 countries from 1992 to 2000 by nationally representative cross-sectional surveys of women aged 20-49 y (n = 148 579) were classified as indicating Underweight (BMI < 18.5) and overweight (BMI ≥ 25). Associations between the nutritional status of urban and rural women and each country's per capita gross national income (GNI) and level of urbanization were explored in the overall sample and among different SES groups. Results: Overweight exceeded Underweight in well over half of the countries: the median ratio of overweight to Underweight was 5.8 in urban and 2.1 in rural areas. Countries with high GNIs and high levels of urbanization had not only high absolute prevalences of overweight but also small urban-rural differences in overweight and very high ratios of overweight to Underweight. In the more-developed countries, overweight among low-SES women was high in both rural (38%) and urban (51%) settings. Even many poor countries, countries in which Underweight persists as a significant problem, had fairly high prevalences of rural overweight. Conclusions: In most developing economies, prevalences of overweight in young women residing in both urban and rural areas are higher than those in Underweight women, especially in countries at higher levels of socioeconomic development. Research is needed to assess male and child overweight to understand the dynamics facing these groups as well.

  • overweight exceeds Underweight among women in most developing countries
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2005
    Co-Authors: Michelle A. Mendez, Barry M Popkin
    Abstract:

    Background: It is generally believed that overweight is less prevalent than undernutrition in the developing world, particularly in rural areas, and that it is concentrated in higher socioeconomic status (SES) groups. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of adult female overweight and Underweight in the developing world by using categories of urban or rural status and SES strata. Design: Body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) data collected in 36 countries from 1992 to 2000 by nationally representative cross-sectional surveys of women aged 20-49 y (n = 148 579) were classified as indicating Underweight (BMI < 18.5) and overweight (BMI greater than or equal to 25). Associations between the nutritional status of urban and rural women and each country's per capita gross national income (GNI) and level of urbanization were explored in the overall sample and among different SES groups. Results: Overweight exceeded Underweight in well over half of the countries: the median ratio of overweight to Underweight was 5.8 in urban and 2.1 in rural areas. Countries with high GNIs and high levels of urbanization had not only high absolute prevalences of overweight but also small urban-rural differences in overweight and very high ratios of overweight to Underweight. In the more-developed countries, overweight among low-SES women was high in both rural (38%) and urban (51%) settings. Even many poor countries, countries in which Underweight persists as a significant problem, had fairly high prevalences of rural overweight. Conclusions: In most developing economies, prevalences of overweight in young women residing in both urban and rural areas are higher than those in Underweight women, especially in countries at higher levels of socioeconomic development. Research is needed to assess male and child overweight to understand the dynamics facing these groups as well.

  • the burden of disease from undernutrition and overnutrition in countries undergoing rapid nutrition transition a view from brazil
    American Journal of Public Health, 2004
    Co-Authors: Carlos Augusto Monteiro, Wolney Lisboa Conde, Barry M Popkin
    Abstract:

    On the basis of 3 comparable population-based surveys conducted in Brazil, we identified clear changes in the relative magnitude of women’s undernutrition and overnutrition. In 1975, there were almost 2 cases of Underweight to 1 case of obesity, whereas in 1997, there were more than 2 cases of obesity to 1 case of Underweight. In 1997, Brazilian low-income women were significantly more susceptible than high-income women to both Underweight and obesity.

  • Overweight and Underweight Coexist within Households in Brazil, China and Russia
    The Journal of nutrition, 2000
    Co-Authors: Colleen M. Doak, Carlos Augusto Monteiro, Linda S. Adair, Barry M Popkin
    Abstract:

    The possibility that Underweight and overweight coexist within households and understanding such an occurrence have not been studied sufficiently. In fact, Underweight and overweight are thought of as resulting from very different environmental, behavioral and individual risk factors. This study identified households in which overweight and Underweight coexist and explored household-level associations such as urban residence and income. Using three large national surveys from Brazil, China and Russia, the prevalence of such households ranged from 8% in China and Russia to 11% in Brazil. Even more important from the public health perspective is the finding that these under/over households accounted for a high proportion of all households with an Underweight member in China (23%), Brazil (45%), and Russia (58%). The prevalence of the Underweight/overweight household was highest in the urban environment in all three countries. There was no clear pattern in the prevalence of the Underweight/overweight household type by income. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the significance of the association of household type with urban residence and income while controlling for household size and household demographics by gender. Further analysis was done to consider the age relationships within the Underweight/overweight pair. The Underweight child coexisting with an overweight nonelderly adult was the predominant pair combination in all three countries. These findings illustrate the need for public health programs that are able to address Underweight and overweight simultaneously.

Abhijit Chowdhury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Underweight among rural indian adults burden and predictors of incidence and recovery
    Public Health Nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Rajesh Kumar Rai, Wafaie W Fawzi, Sabri Bromage, Anamitra Barik, Abhijit Chowdhury
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To study the magnitude and predictors of Underweight, incident Underweight and recovery from Underweight among rural Indian adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Each participant's BMI was measured in 2008 and 2012 and categorized as Underweight (BMI<18·5 kg/m2), normal (BMI=18·5-22·9 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI ≥23·0 kg/m2). Incident Underweight was defined as a transition from normal weight or overweight/obese in 2008 to Underweight in 2012, and recovery from Underweight as a transition from Underweight in 2008 to normal weight in 2012. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. SETTING The Birbhum Health and Demographic Surveillance System, West Bengal, India. SUBJECTS Predominantly rural individuals (n 6732) aged ≥18 years enrolled in 2008 were followed up in 2012. RESULTS In 2008, the prevalence of Underweight was 46·5 %. From 2008 to 2012, 25·8 % of Underweight persons transitioned to normal BMI, 12·9 % of normal-weight persons became Underweight and 0·1 % of overweight/obese persons became Underweight. Multivariable models reveal that people aged 25-49 years, educated and wealthier people, and non-smokers had lower odds of Underweight in 2008 and lower odds of incident Underweight. Odds of recovery from Underweight were lower among people aged ≥36 years and higher among educated (Grade 6 or higher) individuals. CONCLUSIONS The current study highlights a high incidence of Underweight and important risk factors and modifiable predictors of Underweight in rural India, which may inform the design of local nutrition interventions.

  • Underweight among rural Indian adults: burden, and predictors of incidence and recovery.
    Public health nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Rajesh Kumar Rai, Wafaie W Fawzi, Sabri Bromage, Anamitra Barik, Abhijit Chowdhury
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To study the magnitude and predictors of Underweight, incident Underweight and recovery from Underweight among rural Indian adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Each participant's BMI was measured in 2008 and 2012 and categorized as Underweight (BMI

Rajesh Kumar Rai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Underweight among rural indian adults burden and predictors of incidence and recovery
    Public Health Nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Rajesh Kumar Rai, Wafaie W Fawzi, Sabri Bromage, Anamitra Barik, Abhijit Chowdhury
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To study the magnitude and predictors of Underweight, incident Underweight and recovery from Underweight among rural Indian adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Each participant's BMI was measured in 2008 and 2012 and categorized as Underweight (BMI<18·5 kg/m2), normal (BMI=18·5-22·9 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI ≥23·0 kg/m2). Incident Underweight was defined as a transition from normal weight or overweight/obese in 2008 to Underweight in 2012, and recovery from Underweight as a transition from Underweight in 2008 to normal weight in 2012. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. SETTING The Birbhum Health and Demographic Surveillance System, West Bengal, India. SUBJECTS Predominantly rural individuals (n 6732) aged ≥18 years enrolled in 2008 were followed up in 2012. RESULTS In 2008, the prevalence of Underweight was 46·5 %. From 2008 to 2012, 25·8 % of Underweight persons transitioned to normal BMI, 12·9 % of normal-weight persons became Underweight and 0·1 % of overweight/obese persons became Underweight. Multivariable models reveal that people aged 25-49 years, educated and wealthier people, and non-smokers had lower odds of Underweight in 2008 and lower odds of incident Underweight. Odds of recovery from Underweight were lower among people aged ≥36 years and higher among educated (Grade 6 or higher) individuals. CONCLUSIONS The current study highlights a high incidence of Underweight and important risk factors and modifiable predictors of Underweight in rural India, which may inform the design of local nutrition interventions.

  • Underweight among rural Indian adults: burden, and predictors of incidence and recovery.
    Public health nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Rajesh Kumar Rai, Wafaie W Fawzi, Sabri Bromage, Anamitra Barik, Abhijit Chowdhury
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To study the magnitude and predictors of Underweight, incident Underweight and recovery from Underweight among rural Indian adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Each participant's BMI was measured in 2008 and 2012 and categorized as Underweight (BMI

Jeffrey B Gould - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • women s prepregnancy Underweight as a risk factor for preterm birth a retrospective study
    British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Anna I Girsen, Jonathan A Mayo, Suzan L Carmichael, Ciaran S Phibbs, Bat Zion Shachar, David K Stevenson, D J Lyell, Gary M Shaw, Jeffrey B Gould
    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the distribution of known factors for preterm birth (PTB) by severity of maternal Underweight; to investigate the risk-adjusted relation between severity of Underweight and PTB, and to assess whether the relation differed by gestational age. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting State of California, USA. Methods Maternally linked hospital and birth certificate records of 950 356 California deliveries in 2007–2010 were analysed. Singleton live births of women whose prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) or normal (18.50–24.99 kg/m2) were analysed. Underweight BMI was further categorised as: severe (<16.00), moderate (16.00–16.99) or mild (17.00–18.49). PTB was grouped as 22–27, 28–31, 32–36 or <37 weeks (compared with 37–41 weeks). Adjusted multivariable Poisson regression modeling was used to estimate relative risk for PTB. Main outcome measures Risk of PTB. Results About 72 686 (7.6%) women were Underweight. Increasing severity of Underweight was associated with increasing percent PTB: 7.8% (n = 4421) in mild, 9.0% (n = 1001) in moderate and 10.2% (475) in severe Underweight. The adjusted relative risk of PTB also significantly increased: adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.22 (95% CI 1.19–1.26) in mild, aRR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.32–1.50) in moderate and aRR = 1.61 (95% CI 1.47–1.76) in severe Underweight. These findings were similar in spontaneous PTB, medically indicated PTB, and the gestational age groupings. Conclusion Increasing severity of maternal prepregnancy Underweight BMI was associated with increasing risk-adjusted PTB at <37 weeks. This increasing risk was of similar magnitude in spontaneous and medically indicated births and in preterm delivery at 28–31 and at 32–36 weeks of gestation. Tweetable abstract Increasing severity of maternal Underweight BMI was associated with increasing risk of preterm birth.

  • Women's prepregnancy Underweight as a risk factor for preterm birth: a retrospective study.
    BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Anna I Girsen, Jonathan A Mayo, Suzan L Carmichael, Ciaran S Phibbs, Bat Zion Shachar, David K Stevenson, D J Lyell, Gary M Shaw, Jeffrey B Gould
    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the distribution of known factors for preterm birth (PTB) by severity of maternal Underweight; to investigate the risk-adjusted relation between severity of Underweight and PTB, and to assess whether the relation differed by gestational age. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting State of California, USA. Methods Maternally linked hospital and birth certificate records of 950 356 California deliveries in 2007–2010 were analysed. Singleton live births of women whose prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was Underweight (

Gazi Mahabubul Alam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dual burden of Underweight and overweight among women in bangladesh patterns prevalence and sociodemographic correlates
    Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: S Mostafa M Kamal, Che Hashim Hassan, Gazi Mahabubul Alam
    Abstract:

    The discourse of dual burden caused through Underweight and overweight is well-documented globally but this issue and its connection with women's health in Bangladesh is yet to be explored widely. To enrich the current debate, this study, in the context of Bangladesh, examines the patterns, prevalence, and socioeconomic factors influencing the ever-married women of being Underweight and overweight over normal weight. Data used in this study have been extracted from the most recent 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. To achieve results connected with the research objectives, both bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses have been employed. In bivariate analysis, we used seven categories of BMI cutoff points for Asian countries as prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). Multinomial logistic regression model was constructed to investigate the net effect of socioeconomic factors on Underweight, pre-overweight, and overweight over normal weight. The results confirm the co-existence of Underweight and overweight among women as we found the prevalence of Underweight, normal weight, pre-overweight, overweight, and obesity to be 24.1%, 46.7%, 12.8%, 13.5%, and 2.9% respectively. Compared to the richest, the women from the poorest households were significantly (p<0.001) most likely to be Underweight (OR=2.75, 95% CI 2.27-3.35) and least likely to be overweight (OR=0.15, 95% CI 0.12-0.19) over normal weight. The urban women, compared to their rural counterparts, were significantly (p<0.001) less likely to be Underweight (OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.71-0.91) and more likely to be overweight (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.18-1.51) than normal weight. The other socioeconomic grades that were most marked to be Underweight and overweight are age, women's education, marital status, age at first childbirth, parity, number of children aged ≤5 years at the household, and food security. The findings confirm the dual burden of both under- and overweight. Systematic and regular monitoring and surveillance of the social trajectory of nutritional status of women and men in Bangladesh is crucial to develop apposite strategy that addresses the persistent and chronic problem of Underweight and the emerging problem of overweight. The dual existence of both types of malnutrition among women in Bangladesh must be taken into consideration so that public health interventions may be adopted through appropriate policy.