The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joshua T Schiffer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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anti proliferative therapy for hiv cure a Compound Interest approach
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel B Reeves, Elizabeth R Duke, Martin Prlic, Florian Hladik, Joshua T Schiffer, Sean M HughesAbstract:In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 infection is no longer tantamount to early death. Yet the benefits of treatment are available only to those who can access, afford, and tolerate taking daily pills. True cure is challenged by HIV latency, the ability of chromosomally integrated virus to persist within memory CD4+ T cells in a non-replicative state and activate when ART is discontinued. Using a mathematical model of HIV dynamics, we demonstrate that treatment strategies offering modest but continual enhancement of reservoir clearance rates result in faster cure than abrupt, one-time reductions in reservoir size. We frame this concept in terms of Compounding Interest: small changes in Interest rate drastically improve returns over time. On ART, latent cell proliferation rates are orders of magnitude larger than activation and new infection rates. Contingent on subtypes of cells that may make up the reservoir and their respective proliferation rates, our model predicts that coupling clinically available, anti-proliferative therapies with ART could result in functional cure within 2–10 years rather than several decades on ART alone.
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a Compound Interest approach to hiv cure
bioRxiv, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel B Reeves, Elizabeth R Duke, Martin Prlic, Florian Hladik, Joshua T SchifferAbstract:In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 infection is no longer tantamount to early death. Yet the benefits of treatment are available only to those who can access, afford, and tolerate taking daily pills. True cure is challenged by HIV latency, the ability of integrated virus to persist within memory CD4+T cells in a transcriptionally quiescent state and reactivate when ART is discontinued. Using a mathematical model of HIV dynamics, we demonstrate that treatment strategies offering modest but continual enhancement of reservoir clearance rates result in faster cure than abrupt, one-time reductions in reservoir size. We frame this concept in terms of Compounding Interest: small changes in Interest rate drastically improve returns over time. On ART, latent cell proliferation rates are orders of magnitude larger than activation rates. Contingent on subtypes of cells that may make up the reservoir and their respective proliferation rates, our model predicts that coupling clinically available, anti-proliferative therapies with ART would result in functional cure within 2-10 years rather than many decades on ART alone.
Weijun Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a risk reward model with Compound Interest rate for non additive two option ski rental
Information Processing Letters, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoli Chen, Weijun XuAbstract:Abstract We consider the non-additive two-option ski rental problem (NTSR), which includes two options such that each Option i (for i = 1 , 2 ) is characterized by a one-time cost b i and a corresponding rental price a i . Without loss of generality, we assume that a 1 > a 2 ≥ 0 and b 2 > b 1 ≥ 0 . Besides, we have to pay a transition cost c if we switch from Option 1 to Option 2, where c ≥ b 2 − b 1 . We introduce the Compound Interest rate into the continuous version of NTSR and obtain the optimal deterministic on-line strategy by competitive analysis. Moreover, considering the risk tolerance of decision makers, we present a risk–reward strategy. In addition, we use numerical analysis to analyze the influence of risk tolerance and Compound Interest rate on the restricted ratio and switching time of the optimal risk–reward strategy. The results demonstrate that the competitive performance is improved when the risk tolerance and Compound Interest rate are considered.
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A risk–reward model with Compound Interest rate for non-additive two-option ski rental
Information Processing Letters, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoli Chen, Weijun XuAbstract:Abstract We consider the non-additive two-option ski rental problem (NTSR), which includes two options such that each Option i (for i = 1 , 2 ) is characterized by a one-time cost b i and a corresponding rental price a i . Without loss of generality, we assume that a 1 > a 2 ≥ 0 and b 2 > b 1 ≥ 0 . Besides, we have to pay a transition cost c if we switch from Option 1 to Option 2, where c ≥ b 2 − b 1 . We introduce the Compound Interest rate into the continuous version of NTSR and obtain the optimal deterministic on-line strategy by competitive analysis. Moreover, considering the risk tolerance of decision makers, we present a risk–reward strategy. In addition, we use numerical analysis to analyze the influence of risk tolerance and Compound Interest rate on the restricted ratio and switching time of the optimal risk–reward strategy. The results demonstrate that the competitive performance is improved when the risk tolerance and Compound Interest rate are considered.
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competitive analysis for online leasing problem with Compound Interest rate
Abstract and Applied Analysis, 2011Co-Authors: Xingyu Yang, Weijun Xu, Weiguo Zhang, Yong ZhangAbstract:We introduce the Compound Interest rate into the continuous version of the online leasing problem and discuss the generalized model by competitive analysis. On the one hand, the optimal deterministic strategy and its competitive ratio are obtained; on the other hand, a nearly optimal randomized strategy is constructed and a lower bound for the randomized competitive ratios is proved by Yao's principle. With the help of numerical examples, the theoretical results show that the Interest rate puts off the purchase date and diminishes the uncertainty involved in the decision making.
Changcheng Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Financial Illiteracy and Pension Contributions: A Field Experiment on Compound Interest in China
The Review of Financial Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Changcheng SongAbstract:Abstract I conduct a field experiment to study the relationship between peoples’ misunderstanding of Compound Interest and their pension contributions in rural China. I find that explaining the concept of Compound Interest to subjects increased pension contributions by roughly 40%. The treatment effect is larger for those who underestimate Compound Interest than for those who overestimate Compound Interest. Moreover, financial education enables households to partially correct their misunderstanding of Compound Interest. I structurally estimate the level of misunderstanding of Compound Interest and conduct a counterfactual welfare analysis: lifetime utility increases by about 10% if subjects’ misunderstanding of Compound Interest is eliminated.
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financial illiteracy and pension contributions a field experiment on Compound Interest in china
Review of Financial Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Changcheng SongAbstract:We design a field experiment to study the relationship between neglect of Compound Interest and pension contributions in rural China. We randomly assigned some households to a financial education treatment, emphasizing the concept of Compound Interest. This treatment increased the pension contribution by roughly 40%. To pinpoint mechanisms, we elicited financial literacy after the intervention, and added a third group in which we explain the pension benefit in general. We find that the neglect of Compound Interest is correlated with low contributions to the pension plans in the control group, and that financial education about Compound Interest does help households partially correct their erroneous understanding of Compound Interest. Moreover, explaining Compound Interest increases their ability to translate benefits into their own situations.
Michael Hudson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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why the miracle of Compound Interest leads to financial crises
Ensayos de economía (Medellín), 2009Co-Authors: Michael HudsonAbstract:In this paper I want to discuss the financial sector´s tendency to dominate, deflate and polarize economies, thwarting economic potential. Understanding these financial dynamics is essential to explain why all nations are not operating up to the technological potential toward which classical liberalism aimed, and why the world economy is polarizing, as are domestic economies even in the most advanced industrial nations.
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The mathematical economics of Compound Interest: a 4,000‐year overview
Journal of Economic Studies, 2000Co-Authors: Michael HudsonAbstract:Sketches the history of economic thought regarding the self-expanding growth of investments through the accrual of Compound Interest. Exercises that calculate such growth in terms of “doubling times” have already been found in Babylonian textbooks from c. 2000?BC. Although Compound Interest was not permitted to be charged in practice (each loan matured at a given date), investors could keep ploughing back their funds into new loans. Through the ages, this essentially logarithmic principle has described how loan capital grows independently of the ability of debtors (or the economy at large) to pay. It has been expressed by dramatists such as Shakespeare, by novelists, and by eighteenth-century actuaries and economists. Before the contrast between “geometric” and “arithmetic” rates of increase were made famous by Malthus in his description of population growth tendencies, it was formulated with reference to the work on public debt by Richard Price. This principle is incompatible with “equilibrium” theories of self-regulating debt, or ideas that economies can automatically adjust to its growth over time.
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the mathematical economics of Compound Interest a 4 000 year overview
Journal of Economic Studies, 2000Co-Authors: Michael HudsonAbstract:Sketches the history of economic thought regarding the self-expanding growth of investments through the accrual of Compound Interest. Exercises that calculate such growth in terms of “doubling times” have already been found in Babylonian textbooks from c. 2000?BC. Although Compound Interest was not permitted to be charged in practice (each loan matured at a given date), investors could keep ploughing back their funds into new loans. Through the ages, this essentially logarithmic principle has described how loan capital grows independently of the ability of debtors (or the economy at large) to pay. It has been expressed by dramatists such as Shakespeare, by novelists, and by eighteenth-century actuaries and economists. Before the contrast between “geometric” and “arithmetic” rates of increase were made famous by Malthus in his description of population growth tendencies, it was formulated with reference to the work on public debt by Richard Price. This principle is incompatible with “equilibrium” theories of self-regulating debt, or ideas that economies can automatically adjust to its growth over time.
Florian Hladik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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anti proliferative therapy for hiv cure a Compound Interest approach
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel B Reeves, Elizabeth R Duke, Martin Prlic, Florian Hladik, Joshua T Schiffer, Sean M HughesAbstract:In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 infection is no longer tantamount to early death. Yet the benefits of treatment are available only to those who can access, afford, and tolerate taking daily pills. True cure is challenged by HIV latency, the ability of chromosomally integrated virus to persist within memory CD4+ T cells in a non-replicative state and activate when ART is discontinued. Using a mathematical model of HIV dynamics, we demonstrate that treatment strategies offering modest but continual enhancement of reservoir clearance rates result in faster cure than abrupt, one-time reductions in reservoir size. We frame this concept in terms of Compounding Interest: small changes in Interest rate drastically improve returns over time. On ART, latent cell proliferation rates are orders of magnitude larger than activation and new infection rates. Contingent on subtypes of cells that may make up the reservoir and their respective proliferation rates, our model predicts that coupling clinically available, anti-proliferative therapies with ART could result in functional cure within 2–10 years rather than several decades on ART alone.
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a Compound Interest approach to hiv cure
bioRxiv, 2016Co-Authors: Daniel B Reeves, Elizabeth R Duke, Martin Prlic, Florian Hladik, Joshua T SchifferAbstract:In the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 infection is no longer tantamount to early death. Yet the benefits of treatment are available only to those who can access, afford, and tolerate taking daily pills. True cure is challenged by HIV latency, the ability of integrated virus to persist within memory CD4+T cells in a transcriptionally quiescent state and reactivate when ART is discontinued. Using a mathematical model of HIV dynamics, we demonstrate that treatment strategies offering modest but continual enhancement of reservoir clearance rates result in faster cure than abrupt, one-time reductions in reservoir size. We frame this concept in terms of Compounding Interest: small changes in Interest rate drastically improve returns over time. On ART, latent cell proliferation rates are orders of magnitude larger than activation rates. Contingent on subtypes of cells that may make up the reservoir and their respective proliferation rates, our model predicts that coupling clinically available, anti-proliferative therapies with ART would result in functional cure within 2-10 years rather than many decades on ART alone.