The Experts below are selected from a list of 187443 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Herbert E. Kaufman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clinical corneal Confocal Microscopy.
Survey of ophthalmology, 2006Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Herbert E. Kaufman, Roger W BeuermanAbstract:Confocal Microscopy allows non-invasive in vivo imaging of the ocular surface. Its unique physical properties enable microscopic examination of all layers of the cornea and have been used to investigate numerous corneal diseases: epithelial changes, numerous stromal degenerative or dystrophic diseases, endothelial pathologies, corneal deposits, infections, and traumatic lesions. It offers a new approach to study the physiological reactions of the cornea to different stimuli and the pathophysiologic events leading to corneal dysfunction in certain diseases. Confocal Microscopy proves to be a powerful diagnostic tool and is especially of value in certain corneal diseases by allowing straightforward and non-invasive recognition of the pathologic conditions.
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Confocal Microscopy in lattice corneal dystrophy.
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 1999Co-Authors: A. G.-y. Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Roger W Beuerman, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:· Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the appearance of lattice corneal dystrophy by means of white-light Confocal Microscopy. · Methods: Two consecutive patients with lattice corneal dystrophy were prospectively examined. In vivo white-light tandem-scanning Confocal Microscopy was performed in the right eye of the first patient. Her left eye had undergone penetrating keratoplasty 4 years earlier. Histologic findings of the corneal button were compared with Confocal microscopic findings of the right eye. The other patient was monocular and Confocal Microscopy was performed only in the non-seeing eye. · Results: In both patients, linear and branching structures with changing reflectivity and poorly demarcated margins were visualized in the stroma. The linear structures measured approximately 40–80 µm in width. · Conclusion: Lattice corneal dystrophy presents characteristic linear images on Confocal Microscopy and should not be misdiagnosed as fungal hyphae in cases of corneal infection.
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Confocal Microscopy in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 1999Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Volkan Yaylali, Roger W Beuerman, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Aims—To report the appearances of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome from real time, white light Confocal Microscopy. Methods—Three consecutive patients, each with ICE syndrome, were examined prospectively. Corneal specular and Confocal microscopic examinations were performed in all three patients. In the first patient, a penetrating keratoplasty was performed and the cornea was examined by light and scanning electron Microscopy. No surgery was performed in the remaining two patients. Results—In the first patient corneal oedema prevented endothelial specular Microscopy. Confocal Microscopy performed before penetrating keratoplasty successfully revealed abnormal epitheliallike endothelial cells. Histological examinations of the cornea following penetrating keratoplasty revealed the presence of multilayered endothelial cells with epithelial features (microvilli). In the remaining two patients, specular Microscopy showed the presence of ICE cells with typical dark/light reversal. Confocal Microscopy demonstrated groups of endothelial cells with epitheloid appearances. In all three patients, the contralateral endothelial appearance was normal by specular and Confocal Microscopy, except for moderate endothelial polymegathism in one patient. Epithelial-like endothelial cells were characterised by prominent nuclei on Confocal Microscopy. Conclusions—The application of Confocal Microscopy indicates that the ICE syndrome is characterised by epitheloid changes in the endothelium. Confocal Microscopy may be used to diagnose the ICE syndrome by demonstrating epithelial-like endothelial cells with hyperreflective nuclei. This technique is especially of value in cases of corneal oedema, since specular Microscopy may fail to image the endothelium in such cases. (Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:697‐702)
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Characterization of fibrous retrocorneal membrane by Confocal Microscopy.
Cornea, 1998Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Roger W Beuerman, Claire Chang, Dmitri Y. Maitchouk, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Purpose To study the appearance of a fibrous retrocorneal membrane as seen by Confocal Microscopy. Methods A 67-year-old white woman with a history of multiple ocular surgeries, including repeated penetrating keratoplasties for aphakic bullous keratopathy, developed a retrocorneal membrane in the right eye. The membrane was first noticed 3 years after the last corneal transplant and remained stable subsequently. The patient was examined by in vivo white light tandem-scanning Confocal Microscopy. Results At the level of the retrocorneal membrane, Confocal Microscopy disclosed the presence of a hyperreflective fibrous-appearing layer. Normal endothelial cells could not be found. Anterior to the hyperreflective layer, activated keratocytes were identified. Conclusion Confocal Microscopy may allow noninvasive diagnosis of fibrous retrocorneal membrane. Additionally, our data suggest that the posterior keratocytes might play a role in the production and deposition of fibrous tissue.
Elisa Cinotti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological classification of melanoma metastasis with reflectance Confocal Microscopy.
Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2018Co-Authors: Francesca Farnetani, Marco Manfredini, Laura Mazzoni, Ausilia Maria Manganoni, Elisa Cinotti, Sabrina Longhitano, K Shaniko, Johanna Chester, Marina Venturini, Caterina LongoAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases differential diagnosis is challenging, as clinical and dermoscopic features can simulate primary melanoma or other benign or malignant skin neoplasms, and in-vivo reflectance Confocal Microscopy could assist. Our aim was to identify specific reflectance Confocal Microscopy features for cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases, and epidermal and dermal involvement. METHODS: A retrospective, multicentre observational study of lesions with proven cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases diagnosis between January 2005 and December 2016. Lesions were retrospectively assessed according to morphological features observed at reflectance Confocal Microscopy. Potential homogeneous subgroups of epidermal or dermal involvement were investigated with cluster analysis. RESULTS: Cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases (51 lesions in 29 patients) exhibited different frequencies of features according to metastasis dermoscopy patterns. Lesions classified at dermoscopy with nevus-like globular and non-globular patterns were more likely to be epidermotropic, showing characteristics of epidermal and dermal involvement at reflectance Confocal Microscopy. Other dermoscopy pattern classifications were more likely to be dermotropic, showing characteristics od dermal involvement at reflectance Confocal Microscopy. Distinguishing features at reflectance Confocal Microscopy included irregular (78%) and altered (63%) epidermis, pagetoid infiltration (51%), disarranged junctional architecture (63%), non-edged papillae (76%), dense and sparse, and cerebriform nests in the upper dermis (74%), and vascularity (51%). Cluster analysis identified three groups, which were retrospectively correlated with histopathological diagnoses of dermotropic and epidermotropic diagnoses (P
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Confocal Microscopy for Special Sites and Special Uses.
Dermatologic clinics, 2016Co-Authors: Elisa Cinotti, B Labeille, Frédéric Cambazard, Jean-luc PerrotAbstract:This article describes the use of Confocal Microscopy for special sites and unconventional applications. These new applications have been made possible thanks to the introduction on the market of a hand-held camera. Special sites discussed include mucosa, nails, and palms and soles. Special uses discussed include infections and infestations; tumor mapping; understanding clinical, dermoscopic, and histology features; videos and ex vivo Confocal Microscopy.
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handheld reflectance Confocal Microscopy for the diagnosis of conjunctival tumors
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2015Co-Authors: Elisa Cinotti, B Labeille, M Espinasse, Delphine Grivet, Philippe Gain, Nelly Campolmi, Gilles Thuret, Jean-luc Perrot, Catherine DouchetAbstract:Purpose To evaluate whether the handheld in vivo reflectance Confocal Microscopy that has been recently developed for the study of skin tumors is suitable for the diagnosis of conjunctival tumors. Design Prospective study, observational case series. Methods We prospectively evaluated the reflectance Confocal Microscopy features of 53 conjunctival lesions clinically suspicious for tumors of 46 patients referred to the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne (France) by using the handheld device. Twenty-three lesions were excised (3 nevi, 10 melanomas, 5 squamous cell carcinoma, 2 lymphomas, and 3 pinguecula/pterygium) while the other 30, presenting no reflectance Confocal Microscopy malignant features, were under follow-up for at least 1 year. Clinical reflectance Confocal Microscopy and histologic diagnosis were compared. Results In vivo reflectance Confocal Microscopy diagnosis was in agreement with the histologic diagnosis in all cases and none of the lesions that were not excised show any clinical progression under follow-up. Conclusion In vivo reflectance Confocal Microscopy with a handheld dermatology-dedicated microscope can play a role in the noninvasive diagnosis of conjunctival lesions. Further studies should be performed to better define the diagnostic ability of this technique.
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Confocal Microscopy for healthy and pathological nail
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2013Co-Authors: Elisa Cinotti, B Labeille, Catherine Douchet, Jean-luc Perrot, B. Fouilloux, Frédéric CambazardAbstract:Nail diseases are often annoying for the patient and diagnostically challenging for dermatologists. New imaging techniques are of high interest in the diagnosis of nail disorders to reduce the number of nail biopsies. Confocal Microscopy is a high-resolution emerging imaging technique that can be used to explore the entire body surface, including skin, mucosa, hair and nails. A systematic review of the literature concerning the use of Confocal Microscopy for the study of either healthy or pathological nail has been performed to evaluate the current use of this technique and possible future applications. Confocal Microscopy is particularly suitable for nails because it allows a non-invasive in vivo examination of this sensitive body area, and nail plate transparency permits to image up to the nail bed with an easy identification of corneocytes. Confocal Microscopy can play a role in the diagnosis of onychomycosis and melanonichia, and in the study of drug penetration through the nail plate. It could be used in the future as a non-invasive procedure for the investigation of different nail diseases, such as psoriasis and lichen planus. Further application could be the intra-operative ex vivo examination of nail specimens to outline tumour margins to assist surgery.
Auguste G Y Chiou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clinical corneal Confocal Microscopy.
Survey of ophthalmology, 2006Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Herbert E. Kaufman, Roger W BeuermanAbstract:Confocal Microscopy allows non-invasive in vivo imaging of the ocular surface. Its unique physical properties enable microscopic examination of all layers of the cornea and have been used to investigate numerous corneal diseases: epithelial changes, numerous stromal degenerative or dystrophic diseases, endothelial pathologies, corneal deposits, infections, and traumatic lesions. It offers a new approach to study the physiological reactions of the cornea to different stimuli and the pathophysiologic events leading to corneal dysfunction in certain diseases. Confocal Microscopy proves to be a powerful diagnostic tool and is especially of value in certain corneal diseases by allowing straightforward and non-invasive recognition of the pathologic conditions.
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Confocal Microscopy in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 1999Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Volkan Yaylali, Roger W Beuerman, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Aims—To report the appearances of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome from real time, white light Confocal Microscopy. Methods—Three consecutive patients, each with ICE syndrome, were examined prospectively. Corneal specular and Confocal microscopic examinations were performed in all three patients. In the first patient, a penetrating keratoplasty was performed and the cornea was examined by light and scanning electron Microscopy. No surgery was performed in the remaining two patients. Results—In the first patient corneal oedema prevented endothelial specular Microscopy. Confocal Microscopy performed before penetrating keratoplasty successfully revealed abnormal epitheliallike endothelial cells. Histological examinations of the cornea following penetrating keratoplasty revealed the presence of multilayered endothelial cells with epithelial features (microvilli). In the remaining two patients, specular Microscopy showed the presence of ICE cells with typical dark/light reversal. Confocal Microscopy demonstrated groups of endothelial cells with epitheloid appearances. In all three patients, the contralateral endothelial appearance was normal by specular and Confocal Microscopy, except for moderate endothelial polymegathism in one patient. Epithelial-like endothelial cells were characterised by prominent nuclei on Confocal Microscopy. Conclusions—The application of Confocal Microscopy indicates that the ICE syndrome is characterised by epitheloid changes in the endothelium. Confocal Microscopy may be used to diagnose the ICE syndrome by demonstrating epithelial-like endothelial cells with hyperreflective nuclei. This technique is especially of value in cases of corneal oedema, since specular Microscopy may fail to image the endothelium in such cases. (Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:697‐702)
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Characterization of fibrous retrocorneal membrane by Confocal Microscopy.
Cornea, 1998Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Roger W Beuerman, Claire Chang, Dmitri Y. Maitchouk, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Purpose To study the appearance of a fibrous retrocorneal membrane as seen by Confocal Microscopy. Methods A 67-year-old white woman with a history of multiple ocular surgeries, including repeated penetrating keratoplasties for aphakic bullous keratopathy, developed a retrocorneal membrane in the right eye. The membrane was first noticed 3 years after the last corneal transplant and remained stable subsequently. The patient was examined by in vivo white light tandem-scanning Confocal Microscopy. Results At the level of the retrocorneal membrane, Confocal Microscopy disclosed the presence of a hyperreflective fibrous-appearing layer. Normal endothelial cells could not be found. Anterior to the hyperreflective layer, activated keratocytes were identified. Conclusion Confocal Microscopy may allow noninvasive diagnosis of fibrous retrocorneal membrane. Additionally, our data suggest that the posterior keratocytes might play a role in the production and deposition of fibrous tissue.
Charles N J Mcghee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vivo Confocal Microscopy of posterior polymorphous dystrophy.
Cornea, 2005Co-Authors: Dipika V. Patel, Christina N Grupcheva, Charles N J McgheeAbstract:Purpose: This study was designed to delineate the morphologic features of posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPD) using in vivo Confocal Microscopy. Methods: Six patients with clinically diagnosed PPD were examined by slit-lamp bioMicroscopy, Orbscan II slit-scanning elevation topography, and in vivo Confocal Microscopy. Results: Endothelial cell densities ranged from 613 to 3,405 cells/mm 2 and endothelial polymegathism was noted in all cases, whereas endothelial pleomorphism was not a prominent feature. Three cases exhibited bright endothelial nuclei. A variety of abnormal curvilinear and vesicular abnormalities were imaged by in vivo Confocal Microscopy, with lesions ranging between 6 and 159 μm in diameter. Abnormal endothelial cells were visible within some of these lesions. Six cases showed hyperreflectivity at the level of Descemet's membrane around the lesions. Deep stromal keratocytes appeared to aggregate around, or were compressed by, the endothelial lesions in one case. Conclusions: We report the largest case series of PPD imaged by in vivo Confocal Microscopy. The ability of in vivo Confocal Microscopy to assess the living cornea over time enables monitoring of disease progression and thus the potential to identify and correlate development of, or changes in, microstructural features. As more data become available, these analyses may enable the formulation of prognostic and diagnostic criteria.
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Imaging posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy by in vivo Confocal Microscopy.
Clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 2001Co-Authors: Christina N Grupcheva, Gerald Sm Chew, Matthew S. Edwards, Jennifer P. Craig, Charles N J McgheeAbstract:To identify features of posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPMD) by in vivo Confocal Microscopy, the corneas of a female patient with PPMD were examined using slit-lamp bioMicroscopy and slit-scanning in vivo Confocal Microscopy. Characteristic endothelial vesicular and band lesions were seen clinically and easily identified using in vivo Confocal Microscopy. However, endothelial pleomorphism, an increased density and reflectance of posterior stromal keratocytes, and prominence of corneal nerves were also delineated. In vivo Confocal Microscopy enhances clinicopathological diagnosis and follow up of corneal dystrophies with subtle clinical presentations, such as PPMD.
Roger W Beuerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clinical corneal Confocal Microscopy.
Survey of ophthalmology, 2006Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Herbert E. Kaufman, Roger W BeuermanAbstract:Confocal Microscopy allows non-invasive in vivo imaging of the ocular surface. Its unique physical properties enable microscopic examination of all layers of the cornea and have been used to investigate numerous corneal diseases: epithelial changes, numerous stromal degenerative or dystrophic diseases, endothelial pathologies, corneal deposits, infections, and traumatic lesions. It offers a new approach to study the physiological reactions of the cornea to different stimuli and the pathophysiologic events leading to corneal dysfunction in certain diseases. Confocal Microscopy proves to be a powerful diagnostic tool and is especially of value in certain corneal diseases by allowing straightforward and non-invasive recognition of the pathologic conditions.
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Confocal Microscopy in lattice corneal dystrophy.
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 1999Co-Authors: A. G.-y. Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Roger W Beuerman, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:· Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the appearance of lattice corneal dystrophy by means of white-light Confocal Microscopy. · Methods: Two consecutive patients with lattice corneal dystrophy were prospectively examined. In vivo white-light tandem-scanning Confocal Microscopy was performed in the right eye of the first patient. Her left eye had undergone penetrating keratoplasty 4 years earlier. Histologic findings of the corneal button were compared with Confocal microscopic findings of the right eye. The other patient was monocular and Confocal Microscopy was performed only in the non-seeing eye. · Results: In both patients, linear and branching structures with changing reflectivity and poorly demarcated margins were visualized in the stroma. The linear structures measured approximately 40–80 µm in width. · Conclusion: Lattice corneal dystrophy presents characteristic linear images on Confocal Microscopy and should not be misdiagnosed as fungal hyphae in cases of corneal infection.
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Confocal Microscopy in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 1999Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Volkan Yaylali, Roger W Beuerman, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Aims—To report the appearances of iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome from real time, white light Confocal Microscopy. Methods—Three consecutive patients, each with ICE syndrome, were examined prospectively. Corneal specular and Confocal microscopic examinations were performed in all three patients. In the first patient, a penetrating keratoplasty was performed and the cornea was examined by light and scanning electron Microscopy. No surgery was performed in the remaining two patients. Results—In the first patient corneal oedema prevented endothelial specular Microscopy. Confocal Microscopy performed before penetrating keratoplasty successfully revealed abnormal epitheliallike endothelial cells. Histological examinations of the cornea following penetrating keratoplasty revealed the presence of multilayered endothelial cells with epithelial features (microvilli). In the remaining two patients, specular Microscopy showed the presence of ICE cells with typical dark/light reversal. Confocal Microscopy demonstrated groups of endothelial cells with epitheloid appearances. In all three patients, the contralateral endothelial appearance was normal by specular and Confocal Microscopy, except for moderate endothelial polymegathism in one patient. Epithelial-like endothelial cells were characterised by prominent nuclei on Confocal Microscopy. Conclusions—The application of Confocal Microscopy indicates that the ICE syndrome is characterised by epitheloid changes in the endothelium. Confocal Microscopy may be used to diagnose the ICE syndrome by demonstrating epithelial-like endothelial cells with hyperreflective nuclei. This technique is especially of value in cases of corneal oedema, since specular Microscopy may fail to image the endothelium in such cases. (Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:697‐702)
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Characterization of fibrous retrocorneal membrane by Confocal Microscopy.
Cornea, 1998Co-Authors: Auguste G Y Chiou, Stephen C Kaufman, Toshihiko Ohta, Roger W Beuerman, Claire Chang, Dmitri Y. Maitchouk, Herbert E. KaufmanAbstract:Purpose To study the appearance of a fibrous retrocorneal membrane as seen by Confocal Microscopy. Methods A 67-year-old white woman with a history of multiple ocular surgeries, including repeated penetrating keratoplasties for aphakic bullous keratopathy, developed a retrocorneal membrane in the right eye. The membrane was first noticed 3 years after the last corneal transplant and remained stable subsequently. The patient was examined by in vivo white light tandem-scanning Confocal Microscopy. Results At the level of the retrocorneal membrane, Confocal Microscopy disclosed the presence of a hyperreflective fibrous-appearing layer. Normal endothelial cells could not be found. Anterior to the hyperreflective layer, activated keratocytes were identified. Conclusion Confocal Microscopy may allow noninvasive diagnosis of fibrous retrocorneal membrane. Additionally, our data suggest that the posterior keratocytes might play a role in the production and deposition of fibrous tissue.