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Alexander H. Enk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Modulation of Contact Sensitivity Responses by Bacterial Superantigen
    The Journal of investigative dermatology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Joachim Saloga, Alexander H. Enk, Detlef Becker, Mansour Mohamadzadeh, Stefanie Spieles, Iris Bellinghausen, Donald Y.m. Leung, Erwin W. Gelfand, Jürgen Knop
    Abstract:

    Superantigens are potent modulators of the immune system, especially T cells. Therefore, we determined the influence of superantigens on the T-cell-mediated immune response, Contact Sensitivity. We chose the combination of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) as superantigen and 2,4-dinitrofluorbenzene (DNFB) as the Contact sensitizer, because in BALB/c mice SEB reacts almost exclusively with Vβ8 + T cells, and these cells are capable of transferring Contact Sensitivity to DNFB from sensitized donors to naive syngeneic recipients. Pretreatment with a single intradermal injection of 50 ng SEB 24 h before DNFB exposure at the same site on the lower abdomen enhanced the induction of Contact Sensitivity: its intradermal injection permitted sensitization with non-sensitizing concentrations of DNFB as assessed by ear swelling responses after challenge with DNFR. In contrast, pretreatment with repeated intradermal injections of 50 ng SEB every other day over at least 1 week inhibited the induction of Contact Sensitivity following sensitization. The enhancing effect of SEB may be explained by the creation of a proinflammatory milieu in the skin after a single intradermal injection of the bacterial toxin, whereas the inhibitory effect may be due to tolerization of Vβ8 + T cells. The data indicate that products of skin-colonizing bacteria that can serve as superantigens are able to augment or inhibit the development of Contact Sensitivity.

  • Early events in Contact Sensitivity.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Stephen I. Katz, Setsuya Aiba, Andrea Cavani, Alexander H. Enk
    Abstract:

    For many years, Contact Sensitivity has served as a very useful model for defining constituents of the skin immune system and for understanding the dynamics of the afferent and efferent limbs of various forms of delayed-type hyperSensitivity reactions. A precise understanding of the mechanisms involved in these types of reactions would provide a more sound basis for modulating certain types of immunological, inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic diseases.

  • Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in the Induction Phase of Contact Sensitivity
    International archives of allergy and immunology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Jürgen Knop, Alexander H. Enk
    Abstract:

    During the induction phase of Contact Sensitivity, hapten-specific Th1 cells are primed by epidermal Langerhans cells. These Langerhans cells present hapten on MHC class II molecules and provide costi

Anna C. O'riordan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pacemaker Contact Sensitivity: Clinical recognition and management
    The Annals of thoracic surgery, 1994
    Co-Authors: Hasan I. Abdallah, Rohinton K. Balsara, Anna C. O'riordan
    Abstract:

    Abstract We report a patient in whom vesicular lesions of the skin developed overlying the pacemaker at intervals of 3 to 8 months after each of three consecutive insertions. Patch skin tests were positive for titanium and Polyurethane sensifization. Although pacemaker Contact Sensitivity is rare, its recognition is of vital importance to the pacemaker-dependent patient.

O. Bäck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Topical glucocorticoids and suppression of Contact Sensitivity. A mouse bioassay of anti‐inflammatory effects
    The British journal of dermatology, 2006
    Co-Authors: O. Bäck, Torbjörn Egelrud
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY A mouse model for assessment of the anti-inflammatory effect of topical glucocorticoids is described. Mice, sensitized to picryl chloride, had both ears painted with the sensitizer followed 2 hours later by the application of the topical steroid to one ear and the corresponding vehicle to the other. The Contact Sensitivity reaction, measured by swelling of the ear, was recorded 24 hours later. Dilutions of the steroid formulations inhibited the ear swelling in a manner related to dose-response. Suppression of the Contact Sensitivity reaction of the vehicle-treated ear as well was regarded as a systemic effect of the glucocorticoid. There seems to be a good correlation between the efficacy of the topical steroids assessed in this mouse model and the vasoconstrictor test on intact human skin.

  • In-vivo administration of interleukin 1 both enhances and suppresses Contact Sensitivity in the mouse.
    The British journal of dermatology, 1992
    Co-Authors: O. Bäck, J. Linna
    Abstract:

    The in-vivo effects of systemic administration of recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (rIL-1 beta) were studied in the mouse Contact-Sensitivity model. rIL-1 beta in a single dose of 20 micrograms injected intraperitoneally 72-48 h before or 2-24 h after sensitization suppressed Contact Sensitivity. Given before challenge rIL-1 beta modulated the response in a biphasic way with an enhancement at 48 h and a suppression at 2 h before challenge. Only microgram doses of rIL-1 beta could enhance the Contact Sensitivity at 48 h, while microgram doses of rIL-1 beta at 2 h before challenge suppressed and nanogram doses enhanced the response. Treatment with indomethacin could only abrogate the effects of nanogram doses of rIL-1 beta. Measurements of the thickness of unchallenged control ears revealed that rIL-1 beta by itself could cause a small but significant increase in thickness depending on the dose and the time of administration.

John W. Coleman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Serum histamine and the elicitation of murine Contact Sensitivity
    Journal of applied toxicology : JAT, 1991
    Co-Authors: Ian Kimber, Marie Cumberbatch, John W. Coleman
    Abstract:

    We report that challenge of previously Contact-sensitized mice results in a significant increase in the concentration of serum histamine. In an attempt to determine whether this phenomenon might form the basis of an alternative method for the evaluation of elicitation reactions in experimental Contact Sensitivity, we have compared challenge-induced increases in ear thickness with elevations in serum histamine. Challenge of sensitized mice revealed that both ear thickness changes and increases in the serum level of histamine were dependent upon the concentration of oxazolone used for sensitization. The kinetics of changes in serum histamine concentration were found to be biphasic, with a small increase measurable 2 h following challenge and the maximal response at 24 or 48 h. In contrast, increases in ear thickness were monophasic, although maximum responses were also observed at 24 h. It is concluded that, although they do not exactly parallel increases in ear thickness, changes in histamine concentration may provide a useful serological correlate of the challenge reaction in Contact Sensitivity.

Hasan I. Abdallah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pacemaker Contact Sensitivity: Clinical recognition and management
    The Annals of thoracic surgery, 1994
    Co-Authors: Hasan I. Abdallah, Rohinton K. Balsara, Anna C. O'riordan
    Abstract:

    Abstract We report a patient in whom vesicular lesions of the skin developed overlying the pacemaker at intervals of 3 to 8 months after each of three consecutive insertions. Patch skin tests were positive for titanium and Polyurethane sensifization. Although pacemaker Contact Sensitivity is rare, its recognition is of vital importance to the pacemaker-dependent patient.