The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joan García - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m(2) vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m(2) horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m(2) free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98-99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4-N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m2 vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m2 horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m2 free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98–99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4–N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland.
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Effect of climatic conditions, season and wastewater quality on Contaminant Removal efficiency of two experimental constructed wetlands in different regions of Spain.
Science of The Total Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Marianna Garfí, Anna Pedescoll, Eloy Bécares, María Hijosa-valsero, Ricardo Sidrach-cardona, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the effects of climate, season and wastewater quality on Contaminant Removal efficiency of constructed wetlands implemented in Mediterranean and continental-Mediterranean climate region of Spain. To this end, two experimental horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands located in Barcelona and Leon (Spain) were compared. The two constructed wetland systems had the same experimental set-up. Each wetland had a surface area of 2.95 m 2 , a water depth of 25 cm and a granular medium of D 60 = 7.3 mm, and was planted with Phragmites australis . Both systems were designed in order to operate with a maximum organic loading rate of 6 g DBO m − 2 d − 1 . Experimental systems operated with a hydraulic loading rate of 28.5 and 98 mm d − 1 in Barcelona and Leon, respectively. Total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium mass Removal efficiencies followed seasonal trends, with higher values in the summer (97.4% vs. 97.8%; 97.1% vs. 96.2%; 99.9% vs. 88.9%, in Barcelona and Leon systems, respectively) than in the winter (83.5% vs. 74.4%; 73.2% vs. 60.6%; 19% vs. no net Removal for ammonium in Barcelona and Leon systems, respectively). During the cold season, biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium Removal were significantly higher in Barcelona system than in Leon, as a result of higher temperature and redox potential in Barcelona. During the warm season, statistical differences were observed only for ammonium Removal. Results showed that horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland is a successful technology for both regions considered, even if winter seemed to be a critical period for ammonium Removal in continental climate regions.
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Contaminant Removal efficiency depending on primary treatment and operational strategy in horizontal subsurface flow treatment wetlands
Ecological Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Anna Pedescoll, Angelica Corzo, Eduardo Alvarez, Jaume Puigagut, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the Contaminant Removal efficiency of shallow horizontal subsurface flow treatment wetlands (SSF TWs) as a function of (1) primary treatment (hydrolytic upflow sludge blanket (HUSB) reactor vs. conventional settling) and (2) operation strategy (alternation of saturated/unsaturated phases vs. permanently saturated). An experimental plant was constructed, operated and surveyed for the main water quality parameters over a period of 2.5 years. The plant had 3 treatment lines: a control line (settler-wetland permanently saturated), a batch line (settler-wetland operated with saturated/unsaturated phases) and an anaerobic line (HUSB reactor-wetland permanently saturated). In each line wetlands had a surface area of 2.80 m 2 , a water depth of 25 cm and a granular medium D 60 = 7.3 mm, and were planted with common reed. During the study period the wetlands were operated at a hydraulic and organic load of 28.5 mm/d and about 4.7 g BOD/m 2 d, respectively. Effluent average redox potential was lower for the anaerobic line (−45 ± 78 mV) than for the other two lines (3 ± 92.7 and −5 ± 71 mV for control and batch, respectively). Overall, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) and ammonium mass Removal efficiencies were slightly greater for the batch line (88%, 96% and 87%, respectively) than for the control line (83%, 94% and 80%) and the anaerobic line (80%, 87% and 73%). During cold seasons, COD and ammonium Removal in the batch line was around 30% and 50% higher than in the control line, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of a HUSB reactor as primary treatment did not enhance the treatment capacity of the system (in comparison with a conventional settler). The efficiency of treatment wetland systems with horizontal subsurface flow can be improved using a batch operation strategy.
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Contaminant Removal processes in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands: A review
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Joan García, Emmanuel Lesage, Jordi Morato, Víctor Matamoros, Diederik P.l. Rousseau, Josep M. BayonaAbstract:The main Contaminant Removal processes occurring in subsurface-flow\nconstructed wetlands treating wastewater are reviewed. Redox conditions\nprevailing in the wetlands are analyzed and linked to Contaminant\nRemoval mechanisms. The Removal of organic matter and its accumulation\nin the granular medium of the wetlands are evaluated with regard to\nparticulate and dissolved components and clogging processes. The main\nbiological processes linked to organic matter transformationaerobic\nrespiration, denitrification, acid fermentation, sulfate reduction, and\nmethanogenesisare reviewed separately. The processes of Removal of\nsurfactants, pesticides and herbicides, emergent Contaminants,\nnutrients, heavy metals and faecal organisms are analyzed. Advances in\nwetland modeling are presented as a powerful tool for understanding\nmultiple interactions occurring in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands\nduring the Removal of Contaminants.
Josep M. Bayona - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m2 vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m2 horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m2 free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98–99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4–N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m(2) vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m(2) horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m(2) free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98-99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4-N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Contaminant Removal processes in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands: A review
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Joan García, Emmanuel Lesage, Jordi Morato, Víctor Matamoros, Diederik P.l. Rousseau, Josep M. BayonaAbstract:The main Contaminant Removal processes occurring in subsurface-flow\nconstructed wetlands treating wastewater are reviewed. Redox conditions\nprevailing in the wetlands are analyzed and linked to Contaminant\nRemoval mechanisms. The Removal of organic matter and its accumulation\nin the granular medium of the wetlands are evaluated with regard to\nparticulate and dissolved components and clogging processes. The main\nbiological processes linked to organic matter transformationaerobic\nrespiration, denitrification, acid fermentation, sulfate reduction, and\nmethanogenesisare reviewed separately. The processes of Removal of\nsurfactants, pesticides and herbicides, emergent Contaminants,\nnutrients, heavy metals and faecal organisms are analyzed. Advances in\nwetland modeling are presented as a powerful tool for understanding\nmultiple interactions occurring in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands\nduring the Removal of Contaminants.
Cristina Avila - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m(2) vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m(2) horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m(2) free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98-99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4-N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m2 vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m2 horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m2 free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98–99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4–N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland.
Robin Semer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechanisms controlling toluene Removal from saturated soils during in situ air sparging
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1998Co-Authors: Robin SemerAbstract:In situ air sparging is an effective method for removing volatile organic compounds from saturated soils and groundwater. Removal efficiency levels as high as 98% are often reported, and the remediation time is significantly less than that required for conventional pump and treat technology. However, predictions of the time required for Contaminant mass Removal by air sparging have been approximate at best due to a lack of understanding of the relative importance of the various mechanisms that are responsible for this Contaminant Removal. Volatilization is considered the most dominant mass transfer mechanism during the air sparging process. Dissolution, desorption and biodegradation are the other major mechanisms that determine the rate at which Contaminants are partitioned into different phases or transformed into nonhazardous substances. Additionally, advection, dispersion and diffusion are the transport mechanisms that dictate the overall Contaminant Removal efficiency. This paper first describes these different mechanisms along with the factors that affect these mechanisms. Then, experimental data is presented for toluene Removal from Ottawa sand and fine gravel by means of air sparging. The tests performed included batch tests to characterize the adsorption characteristics of toluene on the Ottawa sand, and air sparging column tests on both the sand and the gravel to provide information on the effects of soil type and injected air flow rate on the overall air sparging remedial efficiency. These test results are assessed in light of the mechanisms affecting Contaminant Removal during air sparging.
J J Salas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m(2) vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m(2) horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m(2) free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98-99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4-N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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emerging organic Contaminant Removal in a full scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse
Ecological Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Cristina Avila, Josep M. Bayona, Isabel Martin, J J Salas, Joan GarcíaAbstract:Abstract A full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system based on three stages of different wetlands configurations showed to be a very robust ecotechnology for domestic wastewater treatment and reuse in small communities. It consisted of a 317-m2 vertical subsurface flow (VF), a 229-m2 horizontal subsurface flow (HF), and a 240-m2 free water surface (FWS) CWs operating in series. VF and HF wetlands were planted with Phragmites australis and the FWS contained a mixture of plant species. An excellent overall treatment performance was exhibited on the elimination of conventional water quality parameters (98–99% average Removal efficiency for TSS, BOD5 and NH4–N; n = 8), and its final effluent proved to comply with existing Spanish regulations for various reuse applications. The Removal of studied emerging Contaminants, which included various pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, was also very high (above 80% for all compounds), being compound dependent (n = 8). The high rates were achieved due to high temperatures as well as the differing existing physico-chemical conditions occurring at different CW configurations, which would allow for the combination and synergy of various abiotic/biotic Removal mechanisms to occur (e.g. biodegradation, sorption, volatilization, hydrolysis, photodegradation). While aerobic metabolic pathways and solids retention are enhanced in the VF bed, other Removal mechanisms such as anaerobic biodegradation and sorption would predominate in the HF bed. At last, photodegradation through direct sunlight exposure, and less importantly, sorption onto organic matter, seem to take an active part in organic Contaminant Removal in the FWS wetland.