The Experts below are selected from a list of 25587 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carlos Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enabling efficient bioconversion of birch biomass by Lentinula edodes: regulatory roles of nitrogen and bark additions on mushroom production and cellulose saccharification
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2020Co-Authors: Feng Chen, Carlos Martin, Michael Finell, Shaojun XiongAbstract:Pretreatment with edible white-rot fungi has advantages in low inputs of energy and chemicals for reducing the recalcitrance of woody biomass for bioethanol production while harvesting protein-rich food. The effectiveness of fungal pretreatment may vary with substrate composition. In this study, birch with or without bark and nitrogen additives were experimentally studied for their effects on shiitake production, substrate lignocellulosic degradation and enzymatic Convertibility with cellulolytic enzymes. Whey was added as protein nitrogen and led to successful outcomes, while non-protein nitrogen urea and ammonium-nitrate resulted in mortality of fungal mycelia. The mushroom yields of one harvest were generally comparable between the treatments, averaging 651 g fresh weight per kilogram dry substrate, and high enough as to be profitable. Nitrogen loading (0.5–0.8%, dry mass) negatively affected lignin degradation and enzymatic Convertibility and prolonged cultivation/pretreatment time. The added bark (0–20%) showed quadratic correlation with degradation of lignin, xylan and glucan as well as enzymatic digestibility of glucan. Nitrogen loading of
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comparative study of the enzymatic Convertibility of glycerol and dilute acid pretreated sugarcane bagasse using penicillium and trichoderma based cellulase preparations
Industrial Crops and Products, 2015Co-Authors: Carlos Martin, P V Volkov, Aleksandra M Rozhkova, Jurgen Puls, A P SinitsynAbstract:Three enzyme preparations based on the cellulase complex of Penicillium verruculosum and three Trichoderma reesei-based enzyme cocktails were used for evaluating the enzymatic Convertibility of cel ...
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wet oxidation as a pretreatment method for enhancing the enzymatic Convertibility of sugarcane bagasse
Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Carlos Martin, H B Klinke, Anne Belinda ThomsenAbstract:Abstract The effect of six different conditions of wet oxidation (WO) pretreatment on fractionation and enzymatic Convertibility of sugarcane bagasse was investigated. WO resulted in an increase of cellulose content of bagasse as a result of the solubilisation of hemicelluloses and lignin. The highest cellulose content, nearly 70%, was obtained in the pretreatment at 195 °C, 15 min and alkaline pH. Pretreatments at 195 °C and 15 min solubilised 93–94% of hemicelluloses and 40–50% of lignin, while pretreatment at 185 °C, 5 min and alkaline pH solubilised only 30% of hemicelluloses and 20% of lignin. The highest sugar yield in the liquid fraction, 16.1 g/100 g, was obtained at 185 °C, 5 min and acidic pH. The highest formation of carboxylic acids, phenols and furaldehydes occurred at 195 °C, 15 min and acidic pH. Alkaline pH reduced the formation of furaldehydes, which was irrelevant for most WO conditions. All pretreatment conditions improved the enzymatic Convertibility of cellulose. The highest Convertibility, 74.9% was achieved in the hydrolysis of the material obtained by pretreatment at 195 °C, 15 min and alkaline pH. Some xylan Convertibility was also observed.
Sridhar Arcot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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participating convertible preferred stock in venture capital exits
Journal of Business Venturing, 2014Co-Authors: Sridhar ArcotAbstract:This paper develops a theory of the participating convertible preferred (PCP) stock commonly used in venture capital settings. I show that the participation and Convertibility features of PCP stock can be used to reduce information asymmetry between the venture and potential investors at the time of exit. Further, the Convertibility feature of PCP helps in alleviating the problem of insufficient entrepreneurial effort. I then derive implications for the two most common types of exits in venture capital—initial public offerings and trade sales—and explain how US venture capital markets differ from other VC markets.
A P Sinitsyn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative study of the enzymatic Convertibility of glycerol and dilute acid pretreated sugarcane bagasse using penicillium and trichoderma based cellulase preparations
Industrial Crops and Products, 2015Co-Authors: Carlos Martin, P V Volkov, Aleksandra M Rozhkova, Jurgen Puls, A P SinitsynAbstract:Three enzyme preparations based on the cellulase complex of Penicillium verruculosum and three Trichoderma reesei-based enzyme cocktails were used for evaluating the enzymatic Convertibility of cel ...
Anne Belinda Thomsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wet oxidation as a pretreatment method for enhancing the enzymatic Convertibility of sugarcane bagasse
Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Carlos Martin, H B Klinke, Anne Belinda ThomsenAbstract:Abstract The effect of six different conditions of wet oxidation (WO) pretreatment on fractionation and enzymatic Convertibility of sugarcane bagasse was investigated. WO resulted in an increase of cellulose content of bagasse as a result of the solubilisation of hemicelluloses and lignin. The highest cellulose content, nearly 70%, was obtained in the pretreatment at 195 °C, 15 min and alkaline pH. Pretreatments at 195 °C and 15 min solubilised 93–94% of hemicelluloses and 40–50% of lignin, while pretreatment at 185 °C, 5 min and alkaline pH solubilised only 30% of hemicelluloses and 20% of lignin. The highest sugar yield in the liquid fraction, 16.1 g/100 g, was obtained at 185 °C, 5 min and acidic pH. The highest formation of carboxylic acids, phenols and furaldehydes occurred at 195 °C, 15 min and acidic pH. Alkaline pH reduced the formation of furaldehydes, which was irrelevant for most WO conditions. All pretreatment conditions improved the enzymatic Convertibility of cellulose. The highest Convertibility, 74.9% was achieved in the hydrolysis of the material obtained by pretreatment at 195 °C, 15 min and alkaline pH. Some xylan Convertibility was also observed.
Fabio Franchini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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local Convertibility and the quantum simulation of edge states in many body systems
Physical Review X, 2014Co-Authors: Heng Fan, Fabio Franchini, Jian Cui, Luigi Amico, V E Korepin, L C Kwek, Vlatko VedralAbstract:In some many-body systems, certain ground-state entanglement (Renyi) entropies increase even as the correlation length decreases. This entanglement nonmonotonicity is a potential indicator of nonclassicality. In this work, we demonstrate that such a phenomenon, known as lack of local Convertibility, is due to the edge-state (de) construction occurring in the system. To this end, we employ the example of the Ising chain, displaying an order-disorder quantum phase transition. Employing both analytical and numerical methods, we compute entanglement entropies for various system bipartitions (A\B) and consider ground states with and without Majorana edge states. We find that the thermal ground states, enjoying the Hamiltonian symmetries, show lack of local Convertibility if either A or B is smaller than, or of the order of, the correlation length. In contrast, the ordered (symmetry-breaking) ground state is always locally convertible. The edge-state behavior explains all these results and could disclose a paradigm to understand local Convertibility in other quantum phases of matter. The connection we establish between Convertibility and nonlocal, quantum correlations provides a clear criterion of which features a universal quantum simulator should possess to outperform a classical machine.