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Rytas Vilgalys - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phylogenetic relationships in the mushroom genus Coprinus and dark spored allies based on sequence data from the nuclear gene coding for the large ribosomal subunit rna divergent domains outgroups and monophyly
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1999
    Co-Authors: John S Hopple, Rytas Vilgalys
    Abstract:

    Abstract Phylogenetic relationships were investigated in the mushroom genus Coprinus based on sequence data from the nuclear encoded large-subunit rDNA gene. Forty-seven species of Coprinus and 19 additional species from the families Coprinaceae, Strophariaceae, Bolbitiaceae, Agaricaceae, Podaxaceae, and Montagneaceae were studied. A total of 1360 sites was sequenced across seven divergent domains and intervening sequences. A total of 302 phylogenetically informative characters was found. Ninety-eight percent of the average divergence between taxa was located within the divergent domains, with domains D2 and D8 being most divergent and domains D7 and D10 the least divergent. An empirical test of phylogenetic signal among divergent domains also showed that domains D2 and D3 had the lowest levels of homoplasy. Two equally most parsimonious trees were resolved using Wagner parsimony. A character-state weighted analysis produced 12 equally most parsimonious trees similar to those generated by Wagner parsimony. Phylogenetic analyses employing topological constraints suggest that none of the major taxonomic systems proposed for subgeneric classification is able to completely reflect phylogenetic relationships in Coprinus. A strict consensus integration of the two Wagner trees demonstrates the problematic nature of choosing outgroups within dark-spored mushrooms. The genus Coprinus is found to be polyphyletic and is separated into three distinct clades. Most Coprinus taxa belong to the first two clades, which together form a larger monophyletic group with Lacrymaria and Psathyrella in basal positions. A third clade contains members of Coprinus section Comati as well as the genus LeucoCoprinus, Podaxis pistillaris, Montagnea arenaria, and Agaricus pocillator. This third clade is separated from the other species of Coprinus by members of the families Strophariaceae and Bolbitiaceae and the genus Panaeolus.

  • PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEMATICS OF LEPIOTA SENSU LATO BASED ON NUCLEAR LARGE SUBUNIT RDNA EVIDENCE
    Mycologia, 1998
    Co-Authors: Jacqui Johnson, Rytas Vilgalys
    Abstract:

    Taxonomic circumscription and segrega- tion of the genus Lepiota has been problematic. Phy- logenetic relationships were investigated for lepi- otoid and closely related taxa using DNA sequence data. Our analysis reflects a broad sampling across eight segregate genera used by Singer: Lepiota s.s., Cystolepiota, LeucoCoprinus, Leucoagaricus, Macrolepi- ota, Chlorophyllum, Cystoderma, and Ripartitella (Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota). Related fungi were evaluated from the dark-spored genera Agaricus and Coprinus and representative secotioid and attine fungi, along with more distantly related fungi. DNA sequences were compared for the 5' end region of the nuclear encoded large subunit riboso- mal RNA gene (25-28S rDNA) from 55 ingroup and outgroup taxa. Results from parsimony analysis are consistent with the exclusion of the tribe Cystoder- mateae (Cystoderma and Ripartitella) from the family Agaricaceae, and the retention of the tribes Lepi- oteae and Leucocoprineae. Lepiotoid segregate gen- era remain poorly resolved using this molecule. Par- simony analysis indicates that both Agaricus and Co- prinus section Comati are nested within the lepiotoid fungi. The support for Coprinus section Comati to be within the Agaricaceae presents interesting taxonom- ic problems involving nomeclatural precedence and usage of commonly known groups including Agari- cus, Coprinus, and Lepiota.

Chunchao Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the structures and prebiotic-like effects in vitro of polysaccharides from Coprinus comatus fruit body and mycelium
    International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020
    Co-Authors: Min Sun, Yongxia Wang, Xiaoqing Cai, Yongqing Zhang, Chunchao Han
    Abstract:

    Abstract Many effects of Coprinus comatus are attributed to its polysaccharide components. Therefore, the aim of this article is to take Coprinus comatus polysaccharides as the research topic to estimate the difference between the polysaccharides of Coprinus comatus fruiting bodies (CBPs) and the intracellular polysaccharides of liquid fermentation (ICPs). The total carbohydrate contents, monosaccharide compositions, molecular weights, functional groups, microstructures and functional properties of the two prepared polysaccharides were evaluated. At the same time, the influences of the two polysaccharides on the proliferation of lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in vitro were compared. The structural analysis exhibited that there were slight differences in the two prepared polysaccharides. However, both ICPs and CBPs could be utilized by these two strains. Furthermore, the effects of the two prepared polysaccharides on the proliferation of the selected probiotics were dose-dependent manners within the scope of the experiment, and the ICPs group and CBPs group had no significant difference (P > 0.05). Therefore, this work demonstrates that ICPs could be an equivalent replacer for CBPs.

  • Isolation and biological activity of triglycerides of the fermented mushroom of Coprinus Comatus
    BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2012
    Co-Authors: Jun Ren, Jin-li Shi, Chunchao Han, Zhenquan Liu, Jian-you Guo
    Abstract:

    Background Although many physiological functions of Coprinus comatus have been reported, there has been no report on the antinociceptive activity of Coprinus comatus. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to demonstrate the production, isolation, and biological properties of triglycerides (TFC) of the fermented mushroom of Coprinus comatus.

Jian-you Guo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Azza Silotry Naik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • structural rheological antioxidant and functional properties of β glucan extracted from edible mushrooms agaricus bisporus pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinus attrimentarius
    Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre, 2017
    Co-Authors: Asma Ashraf Khan, Adil Gani, F A Masoodi, Umar Mushtaq, Azza Silotry Naik
    Abstract:

    Abstract β-glucan was extracted from three edible mushroom varieties namely Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinus attrimentarius using hot water extraction method. The extracted β-glucan was studied to investigate its structural, rheological, antioxidant and functional properties. The ATR-FTIR was used to elicit the structural conformations of the three β-glucan and SEM was used to study the surface topography. The rheological properties showed that with the increase in the concentration of β-glucan, the elastic behavior increased. The antioxidant activities were determined using different assays like DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl), reducing power, metal chelating ability and ABTS (2,2-Azino-bis, 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) and all these activities varied significantly (p≤0.05) among all the β-glucan, however the β-glucan from Coprinus attrimentarius showed the highest values for all antioxidant activities. As far as the functional properties were concerned, Coprinus β-glucan also showed the highest swelling power, fat binding, emulsifying properties, bile acid binding capacity and viscosity, however foaming properties were the highest in Pleurotus β-glucan.

Jun Ren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.