The Experts below are selected from a list of 15 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Rakesh Srivastava - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of Radiofrequency Cautery in Laryngomalacia: a Study in 12 Patients
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2010
    Co-Authors: Rakesh Srivastava
    Abstract:

    Laryngomalacia is the most common condition causing inspiratory stridor at or shortly after birth accounting for approximately 60% of cases. Inspiratory stridor typically occurs after few days or week and is initially mild, but over a period of 6–9 months it gets more pronounced. Spontaneous improvement usually occurs over a period of 18 months to 2 years. Although majority of cases of laryngomalacia have benign course without any long-term sequel. Typically symptoms are worse during sleep and supine position while the same improves in prone position. There are 12 cases in the present study with the average age of the baby was 4.74 months (142 days). Male to female ratio of 1:1. Those babies with life-threatening apnea, significant cyanotic (blue) spells, failure to thrive with feeding difficulty, significant chest wall and neck retractions with breathing and requires oxygen to breathe were included in the study. One patient presented with tracheostomy tube in place. Two babies were preterm. These preterm babies were initially kept on ventilator before the final diagnosis was made. The findings were different in all the cases. The common findings are cyclical collapse of supraglottic larynx with inspiration, short aryepiglottic folds, indrawing of cuneiform and Corniculate Cartilages forward over the laryngeal inlet resulting in prolapse during inspiration. The surgical procedures in laryngomalacia babies were combined according to the type of laryngomalacia. The procedures performed were supraglottoplasty (Unilateral/Bilateral), epiglottoplasty, aryepiglottoplasty, aryepiglottic fold division, epiglottopexy. The procedures were performed by radiofrequency cautery under general anesthesia. The average hospital stay in nine patients was less then 36 h and more then 7 days in remaining three patients. In tracheostomized patient second surgical procedure was done as after the first procedure failed to decannulate the child. The postoperative period was uneventful. The average follow up was 10 months.

Stacey A Skoretz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • laryngeal and soft palate valving in the harbour seal phoca vitulina
    The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Arlo Adams, Wayne Vogl, Camilla Dawson, Stephen Raverty, Martin Haulena, Stacey A Skoretz
    Abstract:

    Effective ‘valving’ in the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) is essential to temporarily separate the digestive and respiratory pathways. Marine mammals are largely dedicated to feeding underwater, and in many cases swallowing prey whole. In seals, little work has been done to explore the anatomy and function of the upper aerodigestive tract in the context of valving mechanisms that function to separate food and air pathways. Here we use videofluoroscopy, gross dissection, histology and CT renderings to explore the anatomy of the larynx and soft palate in the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), and generate models for how valving mechanisms in the head and neck may function during breathing, phonating, diving and swallowing. Harbour seals have an elevated larynx and the epiglottis may rise above the level of the soft palate, particularly in pups when sucking. In addition, the Corniculate and arytenoid Cartilages with associated muscles form most of the lateral margins of the laryngeal inlet and vestibule, and move independently to facilitate airway closure. The Corniculate Cartilages flex over the laryngeal inlet beneath the epiglottis to completely close the laryngeal vestibule and inlet. The vocal folds are thick and muscular and the medial margin of the folds contains a small vocal ligament. The soft palate has well-defined levator veli palatini muscles that likely function to elevate the palate and close the pharyngeal isthmus during feeding. Our results support the conclusion that harbour seals have evolved UAT valving mechanisms as adaptations to a marine environment that are not seen in terrestrial carnivores.

Kassab, Ahmed A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Some Comparative Anatomical and Histological Studies on the Laryngeal Cartilages of Buffaloes, Camels and Donkeys
    Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Eshra, Eman A., Metwally, Mohamed A., Hussieni, Hatem B., Kassab, Ahmed A.
    Abstract:

    Comparative studies concerned the upper air ways of domestic animals are few. So this study was carried out to compare between the larynx of buffaloes, camels and donkeys. The present investigation was carried out on 39 larynxes, 13 larynxes (7 males, 6 females) of each species. Ten heads from each species were used for gross anatomical study; the remained three heads were used for the histological study. Results revealed that, the laryngeal Cartilages of the three species were consisted of three single Cartilages; the thyroid, the cricoid and the epiglottis, and two paired Cartilages; the arytenoid and the Corniculate. The cuneiform Cartilages were paired Cartilages present only in the larynx of the donkey. Thyroid, arytenoid and cricoid Cartilages were of hyaline type, while the epiglottis, cuniform and Corniculate Cartilages and the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage were of elastic type. The laryngeal epithelium of aditus laryngis, greater part of epiglottis and vocal folds was lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The remained parts of laryngeal epithelium from base of epiglottis and entire parts caudal to vocal folds were lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells. The laryngeal glands of lamina propria were of mixed types in buffaloes and donkeys but in camels it was pure mucous glands. This study will fill a gap in the field of comparative anatomy and help other clinical investigation applied on these animals

Eshra, Eman A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Some Comparative Anatomical and Histological Studies on the Laryngeal Cartilages of Buffaloes, Camels and Donkeys
    Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Eshra, Eman A., Metwally, Mohamed A., Hussieni, Hatem B., Kassab, Ahmed A.
    Abstract:

    Comparative studies concerned the upper air ways of domestic animals are few. So this study was carried out to compare between the larynx of buffaloes, camels and donkeys. The present investigation was carried out on 39 larynxes, 13 larynxes (7 males, 6 females) of each species. Ten heads from each species were used for gross anatomical study; the remained three heads were used for the histological study. Results revealed that, the laryngeal Cartilages of the three species were consisted of three single Cartilages; the thyroid, the cricoid and the epiglottis, and two paired Cartilages; the arytenoid and the Corniculate. The cuneiform Cartilages were paired Cartilages present only in the larynx of the donkey. Thyroid, arytenoid and cricoid Cartilages were of hyaline type, while the epiglottis, cuniform and Corniculate Cartilages and the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage were of elastic type. The laryngeal epithelium of aditus laryngis, greater part of epiglottis and vocal folds was lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The remained parts of laryngeal epithelium from base of epiglottis and entire parts caudal to vocal folds were lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells. The laryngeal glands of lamina propria were of mixed types in buffaloes and donkeys but in camels it was pure mucous glands. This study will fill a gap in the field of comparative anatomy and help other clinical investigation applied on these animals

Metwally, Mohamed A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Some Comparative Anatomical and Histological Studies on the Laryngeal Cartilages of Buffaloes, Camels and Donkeys
    Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Eshra, Eman A., Metwally, Mohamed A., Hussieni, Hatem B., Kassab, Ahmed A.
    Abstract:

    Comparative studies concerned the upper air ways of domestic animals are few. So this study was carried out to compare between the larynx of buffaloes, camels and donkeys. The present investigation was carried out on 39 larynxes, 13 larynxes (7 males, 6 females) of each species. Ten heads from each species were used for gross anatomical study; the remained three heads were used for the histological study. Results revealed that, the laryngeal Cartilages of the three species were consisted of three single Cartilages; the thyroid, the cricoid and the epiglottis, and two paired Cartilages; the arytenoid and the Corniculate. The cuneiform Cartilages were paired Cartilages present only in the larynx of the donkey. Thyroid, arytenoid and cricoid Cartilages were of hyaline type, while the epiglottis, cuniform and Corniculate Cartilages and the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage were of elastic type. The laryngeal epithelium of aditus laryngis, greater part of epiglottis and vocal folds was lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The remained parts of laryngeal epithelium from base of epiglottis and entire parts caudal to vocal folds were lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells. The laryngeal glands of lamina propria were of mixed types in buffaloes and donkeys but in camels it was pure mucous glands. This study will fill a gap in the field of comparative anatomy and help other clinical investigation applied on these animals