The Experts below are selected from a list of 294 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dongwook Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating impacts of institutional reforms on port efficiency changes ownership Corporate Structure and total factor productivity changes of world container ports
Transportation Research Part E-logistics and Transportation Review, 2010Co-Authors: Sanghyun Cheon, David E Dowall, Dongwook SongAbstract:This paper evaluates how port institutional reforms influenced efficiency gains between 1991 and 2004. We constructed a panel data for port ownership, Corporate Structure, and port inputs and outputs for 98 major world ports, and we implemented the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) model. The MPI provides efficiency measures for input combinations that allow for obtaining the outputs in the presence of institutional reforms, ownership changes, main agent problems, technological progress, efficient scale growth, and many other reasons for efficiency and the lack of it. The results illustrate that ownership restructuring contributed to total factor productivity gains. The restructuring induced optimized operation of container terminals, especially for large ports, as it allowed specialized private entities to concentrate on terminal operation and cargo handling services.
Sanghyun Cheon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating impacts of institutional reforms on port efficiency changes ownership Corporate Structure and total factor productivity changes of world container ports
Transportation Research Part E-logistics and Transportation Review, 2010Co-Authors: Sanghyun Cheon, David E Dowall, Dongwook SongAbstract:This paper evaluates how port institutional reforms influenced efficiency gains between 1991 and 2004. We constructed a panel data for port ownership, Corporate Structure, and port inputs and outputs for 98 major world ports, and we implemented the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) model. The MPI provides efficiency measures for input combinations that allow for obtaining the outputs in the presence of institutional reforms, ownership changes, main agent problems, technological progress, efficient scale growth, and many other reasons for efficiency and the lack of it. The results illustrate that ownership restructuring contributed to total factor productivity gains. The restructuring induced optimized operation of container terminals, especially for large ports, as it allowed specialized private entities to concentrate on terminal operation and cargo handling services.
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World Port Institutions and Productivity: Roles of Ownership, Corporate Structure, and Inter-port Competition
2007Co-Authors: Sanghyun CheonAbstract:This dissertation conducts comprehensive analyses on global seaport institutions and port infraStructure productivity. It also examines the determinants of port output and the roles port institutions play in driving port infraStructure productivity. Specifically, the dissertation analyzes the roles of macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of institutional features of ports (inter-port competition, Corporate Structure, and port asset ownership practice). They are evaluated to understand why ports have become productive over the last decade and how those factors yield better opportunities for ports to prosper. While influences from external environments are still one of the important factors in shaping port efficiency, the roles of institutions play an increasingly important role, especially in the management of ports over the medium-long term. Furthermore, port efficiency has been shaped not only by macro-level market institutions (i.e. inter-port competition) but also by the capacity of port authorities to implement innovative institutional practices for port ownership and capital asset management. While port managing institutions maintain a close relationship with their own historical trajectories, global container ports in the contemporary era search for a strategic flexibility with institutional bindings to respond to external challenges and to overcome their limitations. This strategic flexibility can be partly achieved by “vertical unbundling” of container terminal operation functions from the government’s hand and by private sector participation for investment in port assets, i.e. concessions or leases – institutional bindings based on neoclassical contracts. From the view of regulators and policy makers, they should focus they policy making on environmental, safety, and customs regulations. They also need to create a competitive market to reduce oligopoly in the port sector by adopting diverse policy mechanisms. Given the competitive market Structure, the business aspects of port operation can be better secured through diverse institutional mechanisms of private sector participation. From the view of planners in port authorities facing global competition, the capacity of strategic planning to increase strategic flexibility of ports based on medium- or long-term scenarios is essential to achieve this institutional flexibility, thereby contributing to a higher productivity level of leading ports. This is a critical time for port authorities, managers, and policy makers to understand that they have a choice in what roles to play with what kinds of policy tools under the global pressure and rapidly transforming environments.
John E. Beasley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Corporate Structure optimisation for multinational companies
Omega, 2012Co-Authors: F. Anken, John E. BeasleyAbstract:In this paper we consider a multinational Corporate structuring problem. This problem involves designing a Corporate/organisational Structure (across different countries) so as to remit profits from a number of subsidiaries to a single parent company, whilst minimising the tax paid (maximise the amount received at the parent company). This Corporate Structure is constrained to be a (directed) tree Structure. We present a mixed-integer zero-one formulation of the problem that (for the test problems examined) provides very good linear programming relaxation bounds. We also present a tabu search heuristic for the problem which, when combined with the bounds provided by the linear programming relaxation, is able to find provably optimal solutions. Extensions to the basic Corporate structuring problem and how they can be dealt with using our heuristic are also discussed. Computational results for the solution (to proven optimality) of publicly available test problems involving up to 150 countries are reported. The largest problem solved previously in the literature to proven optimality involved only 22 countries.
Stephen Greenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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agrarian reform and south africa s agro food system
The Journal of Peasant Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Stephen GreenbergAbstract:The dominant Corporate Structure of South Africa's agro-food system has led many to suggest there is limited value in redistributing land as a scarce economic resource, or in providing support to black small-scale farmers when large agribusinesses are capable of meeting food needs. Agrarian reform (land reform plus black small-scale farmer support) is not a necessary component of the existing economic system in South Africa. Yet it has tremendous political importance, especially in the context of a stagnant or declining job market. After considering the development of the Corporate agro-food system in South Africa, and its impact on agrarian reform, this paper concludes that agrarian reform as a political project and a vision retains the potential to contribute not only to a more just society, but also to progressive economic transformation.
David S Scharfstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Corporate Structure liquidity and investment evidence from japanese industrial groups
Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1991Co-Authors: Takeo Hoshi, Anil K Kashyap, David S ScharfsteinAbstract:This paper presents evidence suggesting that information and incentive problems in the capital market affect investment. We come to this conclusion by examining two sets of Japanese firms. The first set has close financial ties to large Japanese banks that serve as their primary source of external finance and are likely to be well informed about the firm. The second set of firms has weaker links to a main bank and presumably faces greater problems raising capital. Investment is more sensitive to liquidity for the second set of firms than for the first set. The analysis also highlights the role of financial intermediaries in the investment process.
