Correspondence Education

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Francis Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Learning in nowhere: individualism in Correspondence Education in 1938 and 1950
    History of Education Review, 2009
    Co-Authors: Francis Lee
    Abstract:

    This article seeks to investigate the individualistic ideas, practices, and student identities that developed in Correspondence Education in the mid twentieth century. In doing so a number of questions about the individualistic pedagogy and identities in Correspondence Education are posed. How was individualism to be achieved? What pedagogic practices were used? Who could students learn from? What was the desired identity of the students? How were the student’s material circumstances understood? In attempting to answer these questions the article aims to increase understanding of the individual pedagogy and the construction of the ‘independent learner’ at work in Correspondence Education during its golden age.

  • Coding Copyright : The re-construction of intellectual property in Education
    2009
    Co-Authors: Francis Lee
    Abstract:

    This dissertation studies the social aspects of technology in distance Education trough the lens of history – in the form of Correspondence Education – and a possible future – in the form of a project of technical standardization, Learning Objects. The studied cases form a reflexive tool that allows the present of distance Education to be seen in perspective.In the case of Correspondence Education, the dissertation shows how the mundane technologies of Correspondence letters, grading-forms, answer-templates and self-tests create a specific mode of organizing distance Education that bridges the rift between the two major trends in Educational modernity: massification and individualization. This attempt brought with it specific consequences for the organization of Correspondence Education: educators tried to devise methods for individual instruction, but at the same time they tried to industrialize the production through the mass-production of instructional letters. Hence, particular identities and modes of organizing Education and arose. The Correspondence Education cases are studied through conference proceedings and archive material.The contemporary cases study the heterogeneous construction of technical standards for the exchange of distance Education material between computer systems, so-called Learning Objects. Through these cases, the dissertation shows that Learning Objects are closely tied to a dream of economies of scale and a market for distance Education material with particular epistemic and technical consequences. Furthermore, the cases show how the attempt to create economies of scale results in an object oriented and modular way of reusing Educational material; and how this modularization leads to an objectified mode of handling knowledge with emphasis on atomization of knowledge, as well as the protection of intellectual property rights through DRM-Technology. The contemporary cases are studied through technical standards and text-analysis.

  • technopedagogies of mass individualization Correspondence Education in the mid twentieth century
    History and Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Francis Lee
    Abstract:

    This article is about how technology and pedagogy is co‐produced in Correspondence Education. Theoretically the article departs from post‐Foucauldian studies of materiality, and uses the concept of dispositif to construct a framework that is inspired by Foucault, Deleuze, and Actor–Network Theory. Empirically, the article treats how the tension between Educational thought on progressive individualism, scientific thinking, and automation was co‐produced with technical artifacts in Correspondence Education during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. The author shows how this co‐production led to a specific mode of organizing Correspondence Education that tried to accomplish individualization on an industrial basis, and that this mass‐individualization built on a pedagogy of testing, recording, classification, and differentiation. In conclusion the article discusses how mass‐individualization can be seen as an epitome of Educational modernity’s aspiration for equality of Educational opportunity and progressive though...

  • Technopedagogies of mass‐individualization: Correspondence Education in the mid twentieth century
    History and Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Francis Lee
    Abstract:

    This article is about how technology and pedagogy is co‐produced in Correspondence Education. Theoretically the article departs from post‐Foucauldian studies of materiality, and uses the concept of dispositif to construct a framework that is inspired by Foucault, Deleuze, and Actor–Network Theory. Empirically, the article treats how the tension between Educational thought on progressive individualism, scientific thinking, and automation was co‐produced with technical artifacts in Correspondence Education during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. The author shows how this co‐production led to a specific mode of organizing Correspondence Education that tried to accomplish individualization on an industrial basis, and that this mass‐individualization built on a pedagogy of testing, recording, classification, and differentiation. In conclusion the article discusses how mass‐individualization can be seen as an epitome of Educational modernity’s aspiration for equality of Educational opportunity and progressive though...

  • Technology a Pedagogy in National Policy : Images of Correspondence Education in the 1950's
    2004
    Co-Authors: Francis Lee
    Abstract:

    Technology & Pedagogy in National Policy : Images of Correspondence Education in the 1950's

Hu Jing-yong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Considerations on Correspondence Education Administration in Public Security Colleges
    Journal of Yunnan Police Officer Academy, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hu Jing-yong
    Abstract:

    Public security Correspondence Education,a part of national Education,shares some features with other Correspondence Education,and has some special ones as well.The public security Correspondence Education has been making its way because of some difficulties and problems it meets in recent years.Therefore,how to improve the Education and serve the public security staff's training well is becoming an urgent issue for us to think over.

Yu Yi-biao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Several Thoughts on Management of Students of Public Security Adult Correspondence Education
    Journal of Fujian Police Academy, 2009
    Co-Authors: Yu Yi-biao
    Abstract:

    Public security adult Correspondence Education is a part of public security Education. The management of students of public security adult Correspondence Education directly relates to the quality of public security students. Therefore,it is of great significance to manage the students well. To improve the management,we should transform Education ideas,establish modern Educational idea of "centering on students" ; reform traditional management mode to service-oriented management; using modern network technology to create a good management environment.

Jiang Jian-min - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Reconstructing Traditional Correspondence Education with the Advantages of Modern Distance Education
    Adult Education Quarterly, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jiang Jian-min
    Abstract:

    The development of modern distance Education is seriously challenging the traditional Correspondence Education.Modern distance Education and traditional Correspondence Education have respective unique advantages,but also have disadvantages which hinder the development.Only by absorbing from the advantages of modem distance Education,upgrading traditional Correspondence Education with network reconstruction,and applying modern Educational technology services in the traditional Correspondence Education,the traditional Correspondence Education could get over its predicament.

  • Thoughts About the Elastic Credit System Implemented in Adult Higher Correspondence Education
    Adult Education Quarterly, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jiang Jian-min
    Abstract:

    The elastic credit system of flexibility,autonomy and openness,is better suited to the characteristics of adult higher Correspondence Education students,and it has become a trend of teaching management reform in adult higher Correspondence Education.Meanwhile,we should see problems of the elastic credit system implemented in adult higher Correspondence Education,and propose solutions to those problems.

Xiaoli Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • feasibility study of hybrid learning strategy in adult Correspondence Education
    International Conference on Hybrid Learning and Education, 2015
    Co-Authors: Geng Chen, Ronghuai Huang, Xiaoli Sun
    Abstract:

    Adult Correspondence Education in mainland China started in the 1950s and has been developed for over 60 years. The use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is one area of the development, but the progress is rather slow. It is undeniable that face to face teaching is the mainstream in adult Education today. This paper analyzes the status and the problems of ICT development in adult Correspondence Education, and to propose a hybrid learning model for adult Correspondence Education, based on the experience on Network Education (Network Education is a special Education practice with internet in China. And online Education and learning here is broader including Network Education.) and the reconstruction of the teaching model.

  • ICHL - Feasibility Study of Hybrid Learning Strategy in Adult Correspondence Education
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2015
    Co-Authors: Geng Chen, Ronghuai Huang, Xiaoli Sun
    Abstract:

    Adult Correspondence Education in mainland China started in the 1950s and has been developed for over 60 years. The use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is one area of the development, but the progress is rather slow. It is undeniable that face to face teaching is the mainstream in adult Education today. This paper analyzes the status and the problems of ICT development in adult Correspondence Education, and to propose a hybrid learning model for adult Correspondence Education, based on the experience on Network Education (Network Education is a special Education practice with internet in China. And online Education and learning here is broader including Network Education.) and the reconstruction of the teaching model.