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Enrique Lanuza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synchronized Activity in The Main and Accessory Olfactory Bulbs and Vomeronasal Amygdala Elicited by Chemical Signals in Freely Behaving Mice
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: Cecília Pardo-bellver, Enrique Lanuza, Fernando Martínez-garcía, Sergio Martínez-bellver, Vicent Teruel-martíAbstract:Chemosensory processing in mammals involves the olfactory and vomeronasal systems, but how the activity of both circuits is integrated is unknown. In our study, we recorded the electrophysiological activity in the olfactory bulbs and the vomeronasal Amygdala in freely behaving mice exploring a battery of neutral and conspecific stimuli. The exploration of stimuli, including a neutral stimulus, induced synchronic activity in the olfactory bulbs characterized by a dominant theta rhythmicity, with specific theta-gamma coupling, distinguishing between vomeronasal and olfactory structures. The correlated activation of the bulbs suggests a coupling between the stimuli internalization in the nasal cavity and the vomeronasal pumping. In the Amygdala, male stimuli are preferentially processed in the medial nucleus, whereas female cues induced a differential response in the posteromedial Cortical Amygdala. Thus, particular theta-gamma patterns in the olfactory network modulates the integration of chemosensory information in the Amygdala, allowing the selection of an appropriate behaviour.
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Afferent and efferent projections of the anterior Cortical amygdaloid nucleus in the mouse
The Journal of comparative neurology, 2017Co-Authors: Bernardita Cádiz-moretti, Cecília Pardo-bellver, Fernando Martínez-garcía, María Abellán-Álvaro, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The anterior Cortical amygdaloid nucleus (ACo) is a chemosensory area of the Cortical Amygdala that receives afferent projections from both the main and accessory olfactory bulbs. The role of this structure is unknown, partially due to a lack of knowledge of its connectivity. In this work, we describe the pattern of afferent and efferent projections of the ACo by using fluorogold and biotinylated dextranamines as retrograde and anterograde tracers, respectively. The results show that the ACo is reciprocally connected with the olfactory system and basal forebrain, as well as with the chemosensory and basomedial Amygdala. In addition, it receives dense projections from the midline and posterior intralaminar thalamus, and moderate projections from the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, mesoCortical structures and the hippocampal formation. Remarkably, the ACo projects moderately to the central nuclei of the Amygdala and anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and densely to the lateral hypothalamus. Finally, minor connections are present with some midbrain and brainstem structures. The afferent projections of the ACo indicate that this nucleus might play a role in emotional learning involving chemosensory stimuli, such as olfactory fear conditioning. The efferent projections confirm this view and, given its direct output to the medial part of the central Amygdala and the hypothalamic ‘aggression area', suggest that the ACo can initiate defensive and aggressive responses elicited by olfactory or, to a lesser extent, vomeronasal stimuli. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Two interconnected functional systems in the Amygdala of amniote vertebrates
Brain Research Bulletin, 2007Co-Authors: Fernando Martínez-garcía, Amparo Novejarque, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The Amygdala shows ventropallial and lateropallial derivatives that can be compared among vertebrates according to their topological position, either superficial (Cortical Amygdala) or deep (basolateral Amygdala and amygdalo-hippocampal area), connections and histochemical features. On the other hand, the subpallial Amygdala, also called extended Amygdala, is composed of medial and central divisions. In mammals, both divisions consist of an intra-amygdaloid portion and a part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. In non-mammals, the intratelencephalic trajectory of the stria terminalis is short and both poles of the extended Amygdala are close together. Like its mammalian counterpart, the medial extended Amygdala of non-mammals receives an olfactory input (reduced in birds), projects to the medial hypothalamus and shows a sexually dimorphic vasotocinergic (vasopressinergic) cell group. Thus, the medial extended Amygdala is part of the forebrain circuitry for the expression of defensive and reproductive behaviours. In turn, the central extended Amygdala of amniotes shows a prominent CGRP innervation and a medially located CRF/neurotensin-expressing cell group, and projects to the lateral hypothalamus and to the midbrain and brainstem centres involved in fear/anxiety expression. The projections from the pallial Amygdala to the central and medial extended Amygdala are similarly organized in the mammals and non-mammals. These circuits, which have not changed substantially in birds despite the disappearance of the vomeronasal system, delineate two functional divisions within the Amygdala that, together, orchestrate the expression of species-specific behaviours with a strong emotional component.
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Evolution of the Amygdala in Vertebrates
Evolution of Nervous Systems, 2007Co-Authors: Fernando Martínez-garcía, Amparo Novejarque, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The main aim of this article is to identify the homologues of the different components of the mammalian Amygdala in the cerebral hemispheres of non-mammals using, primarily, a topological/embryological perspective. Thus, we first consider two main divisions of the Amygdala of mammals, namely the pallial and subpallial (striatopallidal) Amygdala. The pallial Amygdala includes derivatives of both the lateral and ventral embryonic pallium that in the adult conform layered, superficial areas usually called Cortical Amygdala, and deep nuclei that conform the basolateral division of the Amygdala plus the amygdalohippocampal area (AHA). The components of the subpallial Amygdala are usually grouped in two divisions known as central (central Amygdala plus parts of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, BST) and medial (medial Amygdala plus the posteromedial BST) extended Amygdala (EA). We then characterize each of the pallial and subpallial components of the mammalian Amygdala using neurochemical and hodological data from the literature. After dissecting out and characterizing the amygdaloid centers of mammals, we use the same criteria (topological/embryological, neurochemical, and hodological) to identify the different components of the reptilian Amygdala. This approach reveals that the Cortical Amygdala of reptiles is composed of the nucleus sphericus and the ventral anterior Amygdala, plus maybe portions of the caudal lateral cortex. The reptilian basolateral Amygdala includes the posterior dorsal ventricular ridge and the dorsolateral amygdaloid nucleus. In addition, the ventral posterior Amygdala seems the reptilian homologue of the mammalian AHA. As in mammals, centers in the subpallial Amygdala of reptiles conform a central (striatoamygdaloid transition area and dorsolateral BST) and medial (medial Amygdala plus the ventromedial BST) EA. The strong similarities between the avian and reptilian cerebral hemispheres allow us to make a proposal for the identity of the Amygdala and its components in the avian telencephalon. This proposal, which nicely fits the embryological/topological, hodological, and neurochemical criteria used to define the divisions of the mammalian Amygdala, suggests that the avian Amygdala is much larger than previously believed. Whereas in birds the Cortical Amygdala is reduced to a small rim of olfacto-recipient tissue in the caudal cerebral hemispheres (posterior cortex piriformis plus the surface of the rostral arcopallium), the avian basolateral Amygdala consists of the rest of the arcopallium and most of the caudal nidopallium. In addition, the posterior Amygdala is the best candidate for the avian homologue of the AHA of mammals. Finally, the nonpallial centers of avian Amygdala can also be grouped into a central (SpA and lateral BST) and a medial (nucleus teniae and medial BST) EA. This thorough comparative analysis suggests that the Amygdala is an ancient component of the cerebral hemispheres of tetrapods that includes two functional subsystems, namely the central/basolateral and the medial subsystem (which includes the medial EA and the AHA), involved in managing two different, but closely related, functions. The central/basolateral subsystem coordinates innate and learned reactions of fear/anxiety/aversion (through the descending projections of the central EA) or of attraction/reward-directed behaviors (through its projections to the striatum) to virtually any stimulus. The medial subsystem is primarily involved in the coordination of species-specific behavioral responses to chemosensory stimuli (olfactory and vomeronasal) with a strong emotional component, such as reproductive behaviors, defensive/aggressive behaviors to conspecifics (agonistic behaviors), or to predator-derived chemosignals. The deep interconnections of both subsystems explain why reproductive-agonistic behaviors are strongly emotional and might mediate learned emotional responses to many odorants.
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amygdalostriatal projections in reptiles a tract tracing study in the lizard podarcis hispanica
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2004Co-Authors: Amparo Novejarque, Enrique Lanuza, Fernando MartinezgarciaAbstract:Whereas the lacertilian anterior dorsal ventricular ridge contains unimodal sensory areas, its posterior part (PDVR) is an associative center that projects to the hypothalamus, thus being comparable to the amygdaloid formation. To further understand the organization of the reptilian cerebral hemispheres, we have used anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques to study the projections from the PDVR and adjoining areas (dorsolateral Amygdala, DLA; deep lateral cortex, dLC; nucleus sphericus, NS) to the striatum in the lizard Podarcis hispanica. This information is complemented with a detailed description of the organization of the basal telencephalon of Podarcis. The caudal aspect of the dorsal ventricular ridge projects nontopographically mainly (but not exclusively) to the ventral striatum. The NS projects bilaterally (with strong ipsilateral dominance) to the nucleus accumbens, thus recalling the posteromedial Cortical Amygdala of mammals. The PDVR (especially its lateral aspect) and the dLC project massively to a continuum of structures connecting the striatoamygdaloid transition area (SAT) and the nucleus accumbens (rostrally), the projection arising from the dLC being probably bilateral. Finally, the DLA projects massively and bilaterally to both the ventral and dorsal striatum, including the SAT. Our findings lend further support to the view that the PDVR and neighboring structures constitute the reptilian basolateral Amygdala and indicate that an emotional brain was already present in the ancestral amniote. These results are important to understand the comparative significance of the caudal aspect of the amniote cerebral hemispheres, and specifically challenge current views on the nature of the avian caudal neostriatum. J. Comp. Neurol. 479:287–308, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Fernando Martínez-garcía - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synchronized Activity in The Main and Accessory Olfactory Bulbs and Vomeronasal Amygdala Elicited by Chemical Signals in Freely Behaving Mice
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: Cecília Pardo-bellver, Enrique Lanuza, Fernando Martínez-garcía, Sergio Martínez-bellver, Vicent Teruel-martíAbstract:Chemosensory processing in mammals involves the olfactory and vomeronasal systems, but how the activity of both circuits is integrated is unknown. In our study, we recorded the electrophysiological activity in the olfactory bulbs and the vomeronasal Amygdala in freely behaving mice exploring a battery of neutral and conspecific stimuli. The exploration of stimuli, including a neutral stimulus, induced synchronic activity in the olfactory bulbs characterized by a dominant theta rhythmicity, with specific theta-gamma coupling, distinguishing between vomeronasal and olfactory structures. The correlated activation of the bulbs suggests a coupling between the stimuli internalization in the nasal cavity and the vomeronasal pumping. In the Amygdala, male stimuli are preferentially processed in the medial nucleus, whereas female cues induced a differential response in the posteromedial Cortical Amygdala. Thus, particular theta-gamma patterns in the olfactory network modulates the integration of chemosensory information in the Amygdala, allowing the selection of an appropriate behaviour.
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Afferent and efferent projections of the anterior Cortical amygdaloid nucleus in the mouse
The Journal of comparative neurology, 2017Co-Authors: Bernardita Cádiz-moretti, Cecília Pardo-bellver, Fernando Martínez-garcía, María Abellán-Álvaro, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The anterior Cortical amygdaloid nucleus (ACo) is a chemosensory area of the Cortical Amygdala that receives afferent projections from both the main and accessory olfactory bulbs. The role of this structure is unknown, partially due to a lack of knowledge of its connectivity. In this work, we describe the pattern of afferent and efferent projections of the ACo by using fluorogold and biotinylated dextranamines as retrograde and anterograde tracers, respectively. The results show that the ACo is reciprocally connected with the olfactory system and basal forebrain, as well as with the chemosensory and basomedial Amygdala. In addition, it receives dense projections from the midline and posterior intralaminar thalamus, and moderate projections from the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, mesoCortical structures and the hippocampal formation. Remarkably, the ACo projects moderately to the central nuclei of the Amygdala and anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and densely to the lateral hypothalamus. Finally, minor connections are present with some midbrain and brainstem structures. The afferent projections of the ACo indicate that this nucleus might play a role in emotional learning involving chemosensory stimuli, such as olfactory fear conditioning. The efferent projections confirm this view and, given its direct output to the medial part of the central Amygdala and the hypothalamic ‘aggression area', suggest that the ACo can initiate defensive and aggressive responses elicited by olfactory or, to a lesser extent, vomeronasal stimuli. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Two interconnected functional systems in the Amygdala of amniote vertebrates
Brain Research Bulletin, 2007Co-Authors: Fernando Martínez-garcía, Amparo Novejarque, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The Amygdala shows ventropallial and lateropallial derivatives that can be compared among vertebrates according to their topological position, either superficial (Cortical Amygdala) or deep (basolateral Amygdala and amygdalo-hippocampal area), connections and histochemical features. On the other hand, the subpallial Amygdala, also called extended Amygdala, is composed of medial and central divisions. In mammals, both divisions consist of an intra-amygdaloid portion and a part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. In non-mammals, the intratelencephalic trajectory of the stria terminalis is short and both poles of the extended Amygdala are close together. Like its mammalian counterpart, the medial extended Amygdala of non-mammals receives an olfactory input (reduced in birds), projects to the medial hypothalamus and shows a sexually dimorphic vasotocinergic (vasopressinergic) cell group. Thus, the medial extended Amygdala is part of the forebrain circuitry for the expression of defensive and reproductive behaviours. In turn, the central extended Amygdala of amniotes shows a prominent CGRP innervation and a medially located CRF/neurotensin-expressing cell group, and projects to the lateral hypothalamus and to the midbrain and brainstem centres involved in fear/anxiety expression. The projections from the pallial Amygdala to the central and medial extended Amygdala are similarly organized in the mammals and non-mammals. These circuits, which have not changed substantially in birds despite the disappearance of the vomeronasal system, delineate two functional divisions within the Amygdala that, together, orchestrate the expression of species-specific behaviours with a strong emotional component.
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Evolution of the Amygdala in Vertebrates
Evolution of Nervous Systems, 2007Co-Authors: Fernando Martínez-garcía, Amparo Novejarque, Enrique LanuzaAbstract:The main aim of this article is to identify the homologues of the different components of the mammalian Amygdala in the cerebral hemispheres of non-mammals using, primarily, a topological/embryological perspective. Thus, we first consider two main divisions of the Amygdala of mammals, namely the pallial and subpallial (striatopallidal) Amygdala. The pallial Amygdala includes derivatives of both the lateral and ventral embryonic pallium that in the adult conform layered, superficial areas usually called Cortical Amygdala, and deep nuclei that conform the basolateral division of the Amygdala plus the amygdalohippocampal area (AHA). The components of the subpallial Amygdala are usually grouped in two divisions known as central (central Amygdala plus parts of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, BST) and medial (medial Amygdala plus the posteromedial BST) extended Amygdala (EA). We then characterize each of the pallial and subpallial components of the mammalian Amygdala using neurochemical and hodological data from the literature. After dissecting out and characterizing the amygdaloid centers of mammals, we use the same criteria (topological/embryological, neurochemical, and hodological) to identify the different components of the reptilian Amygdala. This approach reveals that the Cortical Amygdala of reptiles is composed of the nucleus sphericus and the ventral anterior Amygdala, plus maybe portions of the caudal lateral cortex. The reptilian basolateral Amygdala includes the posterior dorsal ventricular ridge and the dorsolateral amygdaloid nucleus. In addition, the ventral posterior Amygdala seems the reptilian homologue of the mammalian AHA. As in mammals, centers in the subpallial Amygdala of reptiles conform a central (striatoamygdaloid transition area and dorsolateral BST) and medial (medial Amygdala plus the ventromedial BST) EA. The strong similarities between the avian and reptilian cerebral hemispheres allow us to make a proposal for the identity of the Amygdala and its components in the avian telencephalon. This proposal, which nicely fits the embryological/topological, hodological, and neurochemical criteria used to define the divisions of the mammalian Amygdala, suggests that the avian Amygdala is much larger than previously believed. Whereas in birds the Cortical Amygdala is reduced to a small rim of olfacto-recipient tissue in the caudal cerebral hemispheres (posterior cortex piriformis plus the surface of the rostral arcopallium), the avian basolateral Amygdala consists of the rest of the arcopallium and most of the caudal nidopallium. In addition, the posterior Amygdala is the best candidate for the avian homologue of the AHA of mammals. Finally, the nonpallial centers of avian Amygdala can also be grouped into a central (SpA and lateral BST) and a medial (nucleus teniae and medial BST) EA. This thorough comparative analysis suggests that the Amygdala is an ancient component of the cerebral hemispheres of tetrapods that includes two functional subsystems, namely the central/basolateral and the medial subsystem (which includes the medial EA and the AHA), involved in managing two different, but closely related, functions. The central/basolateral subsystem coordinates innate and learned reactions of fear/anxiety/aversion (through the descending projections of the central EA) or of attraction/reward-directed behaviors (through its projections to the striatum) to virtually any stimulus. The medial subsystem is primarily involved in the coordination of species-specific behavioral responses to chemosensory stimuli (olfactory and vomeronasal) with a strong emotional component, such as reproductive behaviors, defensive/aggressive behaviors to conspecifics (agonistic behaviors), or to predator-derived chemosignals. The deep interconnections of both subsystems explain why reproductive-agonistic behaviors are strongly emotional and might mediate learned emotional responses to many odorants.
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Amygdalostriatal projections in reptiles: A tract‐tracing study in the lizard Podarcis hispanica
The Journal of comparative neurology, 2004Co-Authors: Amparo Novejarque, Enrique Lanuza, Fernando Martínez-garcíaAbstract:Whereas the lacertilian anterior dorsal ventricular ridge contains unimodal sensory areas, its posterior part (PDVR) is an associative center that projects to the hypothalamus, thus being comparable to the amygdaloid formation. To further understand the organization of the reptilian cerebral hemispheres, we have used anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques to study the projections from the PDVR and adjoining areas (dorsolateral Amygdala, DLA; deep lateral cortex, dLC; nucleus sphericus, NS) to the striatum in the lizard Podarcis hispanica. This information is complemented with a detailed description of the organization of the basal telencephalon of Podarcis. The caudal aspect of the dorsal ventricular ridge projects nontopographically mainly (but not exclusively) to the ventral striatum. The NS projects bilaterally (with strong ipsilateral dominance) to the nucleus accumbens, thus recalling the posteromedial Cortical Amygdala of mammals. The PDVR (especially its lateral aspect) and the dLC project massively to a continuum of structures connecting the striatoamygdaloid transition area (SAT) and the nucleus accumbens (rostrally), the projection arising from the dLC being probably bilateral. Finally, the DLA projects massively and bilaterally to both the ventral and dorsal striatum, including the SAT. Our findings lend further support to the view that the PDVR and neighboring structures constitute the reptilian basolateral Amygdala and indicate that an emotional brain was already present in the ancestral amniote. These results are important to understand the comparative significance of the caudal aspect of the amniote cerebral hemispheres, and specifically challenge current views on the nature of the avian caudal neostriatum. J. Comp. Neurol. 479:287–308, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Joshua G. Corbin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of distinct telencephalic progenitor pools for neuronal diversity in the Amygdala
Nature Neuroscience, 2009Co-Authors: Tsutomu Hirata, Guillermo M. Lanuza, Laura A. Cocas, Molly M. Huntsman, Joshua G. CorbinAbstract:Fate-mapping the cells that express the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 in the developing mouse brain, this study finds that the preoptic area is a previously unknown source of inhibitory Amygdala neurons. In contrast, excitatory Amygdala neurons are shown to develop from Dbx1-positive cells in the ventral pallium. The development of the Amygdala, a central structure of the limbic system, remains poorly understood. We found that two spatially distinct and early-specified telencephalic progenitor pools marked by the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 are major sources of neuronal cell diversity in the mature mouse Amygdala. We found that Dbx1 -positive cells of the ventral pallium generate the excitatory neurons of the basolateral complex and Cortical Amygdala nuclei. Moreover, Dbx1 -derived cells comprise a previously unknown migratory stream that emanates from the preoptic area (POA), a ventral telencephalic domain adjacent to the diencephalic border. The Dbx1 -positive, POA-derived population migrated specifically to the Amygdala and, as defined by both immunochemical and electrophysiological criteria, generated a unique subclass of inhibitory neurons in the medial Amygdala nucleus. Thus, this POA-derived population represents a previously unknown progenitor pool dedicated to the limbic system.
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Identification of distinct telencephalic progenitor pools for neuronal diversity in the Amygdala.
Nature neuroscience, 2009Co-Authors: Tsutomu Hirata, Guillermo M. Lanuza, Laura A. Cocas, Molly M. Huntsman, Joshua G. CorbinAbstract:The development of the Amygdala, a central structure of the limbic system, remains poorly understood. We found that two spatially distinct and early-specified telencephalic progenitor pools marked by the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 are major sources of neuronal cell diversity in the mature mouse Amygdala. We found that Dbx1-positive cells of the ventral pallium generate the excitatory neurons of the basolateral complex and Cortical Amygdala nuclei. Moreover, Dbx1-derived cells comprise a previously unknown migratory stream that emanates from the preoptic area (POA), a ventral telencephalic domain adjacent to the diencephalic border. The Dbx1-positive, POA-derived population migrated specifically to the Amygdala and, as defined by both immunochemical and electrophysiological criteria, generated a unique subclass of inhibitory neurons in the medial Amygdala nucleus. Thus, this POA-derived population represents a previously unknown progenitor pool dedicated to the limbic system.
Mary L. Phillips - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abnormal Left-Sided Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortical–Amygdala Connectivity during Happy and Fear Face Processing: A Potential Neural Mechanism of Female MDD
Frontiers in psychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Jorge R. C. Almeida, Dina M. Kronhaus, Etienne Sibille, Scott A. Langenecker, Amelia Versace, Edmund J. Labarbara, Mary L. PhillipsAbstract:Background: Pathophysiologic processes supporting abnormal emotion regulation in major depressive disorder (MDD) are poorly understood. We previously found abnormal inverse left-sided ventromedial prefrontal Cortical- Amygdala effective connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD. We aimed to replicate and expand this previous finding in an independent participant sample, using a more inclusive neural model, and a novel emotion-processing paradigm. Methods: Nineteen individuals with MDD in depressed episode (12 females), and nineteen healthy individuals, age and gender matched, performed an implicit emotion processing and automatic attentional control paradigm to examine abnormalities in prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala neural circuitry during happy, angry, fearful and sad face processing measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging in a 3Tesla scanner. Effective connectivity was estimated with Dynamic Causal Modelling in a trinodal neural model including two anatomically defined prefrontal Cortical regions, ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subgenual cingulate cortex(sgACC), and the Amygdala. Results: We replicated our previous finding of abnormal inverse left-sided inverse top-down ventromedial prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD (p=.04), and also showed a similar pattern of abnormal inverse left-sided sgACC-Amygdala connectivity to these stimuli (p=0.03). These findings were paralleled by abnormally reduced positive left-sided ventromedial prefrontal Cortical-sgACC connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD (p=0.008), and abnormally increased positive left-sided sgACC-Amygdala connectivity to fearful faces in females, and all individuals, with MDD (p=0.008;p=0.003). Conclusions: Different patterns of abnormal prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala connectivity to happy and fearful stimuli might represent neural mechanisms for the excessive self-reproach and comorbid anxiety that characterize female MDD.
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abnormal left sided orbitomedial prefrontal Cortical Amygdala connectivity during happy and fear face processing a potential neural mechanism of female mdd
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2011Co-Authors: Jorge R. C. Almeida, Dina M. Kronhaus, Etienne Sibille, Scott A. Langenecker, Amelia Versace, Edmund J. Labarbara, Mary L. PhillipsAbstract:Background: Pathophysiologic processes supporting abnormal emotion regulation in major depressive disorder (MDD) are poorly understood. We previously found abnormal inverse left-sided ventromedial prefrontal Cortical- Amygdala effective connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD. We aimed to replicate and expand this previous finding in an independent participant sample, using a more inclusive neural model, and a novel emotion-processing paradigm. Methods: Nineteen individuals with MDD in depressed episode (12 females), and nineteen healthy individuals, age and gender matched, performed an implicit emotion processing and automatic attentional control paradigm to examine abnormalities in prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala neural circuitry during happy, angry, fearful and sad face processing measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging in a 3Tesla scanner. Effective connectivity was estimated with Dynamic Causal Modelling in a trinodal neural model including two anatomically defined prefrontal Cortical regions, ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subgenual cingulate cortex(sgACC), and the Amygdala. Results: We replicated our previous finding of abnormal inverse left-sided inverse top-down ventromedial prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD (p=.04), and also showed a similar pattern of abnormal inverse left-sided sgACC-Amygdala connectivity to these stimuli (p=0.03). These findings were paralleled by abnormally reduced positive left-sided ventromedial prefrontal Cortical-sgACC connectivity to happy faces in females with MDD (p=0.008), and abnormally increased positive left-sided sgACC-Amygdala connectivity to fearful faces in females, and all individuals, with MDD (p=0.008;p=0.003). Conclusions: Different patterns of abnormal prefrontal Cortical-Amygdala connectivity to happy and fearful stimuli might represent neural mechanisms for the excessive self-reproach and comorbid anxiety that characterize female MDD.
Tsutomu Hirata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of distinct telencephalic progenitor pools for neuronal diversity in the Amygdala
Nature Neuroscience, 2009Co-Authors: Tsutomu Hirata, Guillermo M. Lanuza, Laura A. Cocas, Molly M. Huntsman, Joshua G. CorbinAbstract:Fate-mapping the cells that express the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 in the developing mouse brain, this study finds that the preoptic area is a previously unknown source of inhibitory Amygdala neurons. In contrast, excitatory Amygdala neurons are shown to develop from Dbx1-positive cells in the ventral pallium. The development of the Amygdala, a central structure of the limbic system, remains poorly understood. We found that two spatially distinct and early-specified telencephalic progenitor pools marked by the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 are major sources of neuronal cell diversity in the mature mouse Amygdala. We found that Dbx1 -positive cells of the ventral pallium generate the excitatory neurons of the basolateral complex and Cortical Amygdala nuclei. Moreover, Dbx1 -derived cells comprise a previously unknown migratory stream that emanates from the preoptic area (POA), a ventral telencephalic domain adjacent to the diencephalic border. The Dbx1 -positive, POA-derived population migrated specifically to the Amygdala and, as defined by both immunochemical and electrophysiological criteria, generated a unique subclass of inhibitory neurons in the medial Amygdala nucleus. Thus, this POA-derived population represents a previously unknown progenitor pool dedicated to the limbic system.
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Identification of distinct telencephalic progenitor pools for neuronal diversity in the Amygdala.
Nature neuroscience, 2009Co-Authors: Tsutomu Hirata, Guillermo M. Lanuza, Laura A. Cocas, Molly M. Huntsman, Joshua G. CorbinAbstract:The development of the Amygdala, a central structure of the limbic system, remains poorly understood. We found that two spatially distinct and early-specified telencephalic progenitor pools marked by the homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 are major sources of neuronal cell diversity in the mature mouse Amygdala. We found that Dbx1-positive cells of the ventral pallium generate the excitatory neurons of the basolateral complex and Cortical Amygdala nuclei. Moreover, Dbx1-derived cells comprise a previously unknown migratory stream that emanates from the preoptic area (POA), a ventral telencephalic domain adjacent to the diencephalic border. The Dbx1-positive, POA-derived population migrated specifically to the Amygdala and, as defined by both immunochemical and electrophysiological criteria, generated a unique subclass of inhibitory neurons in the medial Amygdala nucleus. Thus, this POA-derived population represents a previously unknown progenitor pool dedicated to the limbic system.
