The Experts below are selected from a list of 4896 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alison Abbott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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animal testing more than a Cosmetic Change
Nature, 2005Co-Authors: Alison AbbottAbstract:Commercial and political pressures are pushing for a halt to the use of animals in toxicology tests in Europe. This Change will also mean a move towards better science, says Alison Abbott. A European Union directive may soon make it compulsory for manufacturers to perform toxicity tests on hundreds of chemicals used in everyday products such as Cosmetics. If standard methods were used this would cause a dramatic increase in the number of animals used in toxicity tests, so the race to develop animal-free alternatives is on.
John Dibiaggio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cosmetic Change versus real reform
Academe, 1991Co-Authors: John DibiaggioAbstract:collegiate athletics is discussed, many myths are advanced as reality, including the myth that reform and Change are synonymous. Not all Change is reform. Some Changes in intercollegiate athletics have merely been tangential and Cosmetic. Others have, I think, actually lulled us into a false sense of security. We have tinkered with game plans and we have adjusted strategies. But it would not be credible to pass off tinkering and adjusting as "reforming." No; tinkering and token adjusting rarely provide results worthy of the reform label. Neither, though, does blind cynicism lead to reform. Blind cynicism denies the proven value of intercollegiate athletics and leads to demands that, in effect, we must destroy the game to save it. That view, too, is based on myth. Abolition is not required. My view of reform demands that first, we be willing to admit to the value and contributions of intercollegiate athletics, and second, we be willing to demand and accept the dramatic Changes that are badly needed. We must devise fair and realistic new rules of
F E Dowling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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surface topography cobb angles and Cosmetic Change in scoliosis
Spine, 2001Co-Authors: Caroline J Goldberg, Michael Kaliszer, D P Moore, E E Fogarty, F E DowlingAbstract:Study design Preliminary analysis of the clinical value of surface topography in a spinal deformity clinic. Objectives The Cobb angle is the gold standard for the monitoring of scoliosis. This study was designed to determine whether surface topography would reflect Cobb angle status with sufficient reliability to permit its safe use as an alternative means of documentation in some circumstances. Summary of background data Surface topography offers the possibility of describing spinal deformity more fully than radiographic measures alone. To be useful, it must ignore Changes due to varying posture and reliably detect differences that are clinically significant, while broadening the ability to assess deformity. Methods Surface topography using Quantec () was obtained routinely in all patients attending a spinal deformity unit. Intrasubject variation was reduced by taking the mean for each parameter of four repositioned scans, which gives a smallest detectable Change on all measures of approximately 10 U. Fifty-nine patients with two sets of radiographs and topography scans were studied to determine the ability of the different measurements to detect significant Change. Results There was a significant correlation between Cobb angle and Quantec spinal angle. A significant Change in Cobb angle could be identified by associated Change in at least one topographic measure in a significant proportion of cases. Conclusions It is unlikely that topography will supplant radiography for the ascertainment of Cobb angles, because the error margins of both are wide, and the two are not measuring the same aspect of the deformity. The Quantec system is useful in patient monitoring as an alternative to radiography, without diminishing the standard of care.
Caroline J Goldberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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surface topography cobb angles and Cosmetic Change in scoliosis
Spine, 2001Co-Authors: Caroline J Goldberg, Michael Kaliszer, D P Moore, E E Fogarty, F E DowlingAbstract:Study design Preliminary analysis of the clinical value of surface topography in a spinal deformity clinic. Objectives The Cobb angle is the gold standard for the monitoring of scoliosis. This study was designed to determine whether surface topography would reflect Cobb angle status with sufficient reliability to permit its safe use as an alternative means of documentation in some circumstances. Summary of background data Surface topography offers the possibility of describing spinal deformity more fully than radiographic measures alone. To be useful, it must ignore Changes due to varying posture and reliably detect differences that are clinically significant, while broadening the ability to assess deformity. Methods Surface topography using Quantec () was obtained routinely in all patients attending a spinal deformity unit. Intrasubject variation was reduced by taking the mean for each parameter of four repositioned scans, which gives a smallest detectable Change on all measures of approximately 10 U. Fifty-nine patients with two sets of radiographs and topography scans were studied to determine the ability of the different measurements to detect significant Change. Results There was a significant correlation between Cobb angle and Quantec spinal angle. A significant Change in Cobb angle could be identified by associated Change in at least one topographic measure in a significant proportion of cases. Conclusions It is unlikely that topography will supplant radiography for the ascertainment of Cobb angles, because the error margins of both are wide, and the two are not measuring the same aspect of the deformity. The Quantec system is useful in patient monitoring as an alternative to radiography, without diminishing the standard of care.
Michael Kaliszer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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surface topography cobb angles and Cosmetic Change in scoliosis
Spine, 2001Co-Authors: Caroline J Goldberg, Michael Kaliszer, D P Moore, E E Fogarty, F E DowlingAbstract:Study design Preliminary analysis of the clinical value of surface topography in a spinal deformity clinic. Objectives The Cobb angle is the gold standard for the monitoring of scoliosis. This study was designed to determine whether surface topography would reflect Cobb angle status with sufficient reliability to permit its safe use as an alternative means of documentation in some circumstances. Summary of background data Surface topography offers the possibility of describing spinal deformity more fully than radiographic measures alone. To be useful, it must ignore Changes due to varying posture and reliably detect differences that are clinically significant, while broadening the ability to assess deformity. Methods Surface topography using Quantec () was obtained routinely in all patients attending a spinal deformity unit. Intrasubject variation was reduced by taking the mean for each parameter of four repositioned scans, which gives a smallest detectable Change on all measures of approximately 10 U. Fifty-nine patients with two sets of radiographs and topography scans were studied to determine the ability of the different measurements to detect significant Change. Results There was a significant correlation between Cobb angle and Quantec spinal angle. A significant Change in Cobb angle could be identified by associated Change in at least one topographic measure in a significant proportion of cases. Conclusions It is unlikely that topography will supplant radiography for the ascertainment of Cobb angles, because the error margins of both are wide, and the two are not measuring the same aspect of the deformity. The Quantec system is useful in patient monitoring as an alternative to radiography, without diminishing the standard of care.
