Cosmochemistry

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M. Signore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Brian M. Tissue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Resonant Laser Excitation/Ionization and Mass Spectrometry in Isotope Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry
    Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 1994
    Co-Authors: Brian M. Tissue
    Abstract:

    SCOPE OF REVIEW This paper reviews the coupling of resonant laser ionization and laserexcited fluorescence with mass spectrometry to make difficult isotopic-ratio measurements. To keep this review focused and manageable in size, it covers only metal and noble-gas isotopic analyses that find applications in isotope geochemistry and cosmochemisty. Many research groups are applying lasers and mass spectrometry to atomic, molecular, and isotopic analyses that address problems in nuclear physics [1], materials science [2-4], biology [5,6], environmental science, and other areas of geochemistry and Cosmochemistry [7,8]. Several previous reviews and monographs cover the basic principles and instrumentation of resonant laser processes and mass spectrometry in more breadth [9-12]. The latest Analytical Chemistry Fundamental Reviews [13] and the published proceedings of the biannual International Symposium on Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy and Its Applications provide updates of other recent work [8]. This revie...

  • resonant laser excitation ionization and mass spectrometry in isotope geochemistry and Cosmochemistry
    Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 1994
    Co-Authors: Brian M. Tissue
    Abstract:

    SCOPE OF REVIEW This paper reviews the coupling of resonant laser ionization and laserexcited fluorescence with mass spectrometry to make difficult isotopic-ratio measurements. To keep this review focused and manageable in size, it covers only metal and noble-gas isotopic analyses that find applications in isotope geochemistry and cosmochemisty. Many research groups are applying lasers and mass spectrometry to atomic, molecular, and isotopic analyses that address problems in nuclear physics [1], materials science [2-4], biology [5,6], environmental science, and other areas of geochemistry and Cosmochemistry [7,8]. Several previous reviews and monographs cover the basic principles and instrumentation of resonant laser processes and mass spectrometry in more breadth [9-12]. The latest Analytical Chemistry Fundamental Reviews [13] and the published proceedings of the biannual International Symposium on Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy and Its Applications provide updates of other recent work [8]. This revie...

Peter Hoppe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • NanoSIMS: Technical Aspects and Applications in Cosmochemistry and Biological Geochemistry
    Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Peter Hoppe, Stephanie Cohen, Anders Meibom
    Abstract:

    The NanoSIMS ion probe is a new-generation SIMS instrument, characterised by superior spatial resolution, high sensitivity and multi-collection capability. Isotope studies of certain elements can be conducted with 50-100nm resolution, making the NanoSIMS an indispensable tool in many research fields. We review technical aspects of the NanoSIMS ion probe and present examples of applications in Cosmochemistry and biological geochemistry. This includes isotope studies of presolar (stardust) grains from primitive meteorites and of extraterrestrial organics, the search for extinct radioactive nuclides in meteoritic materials, the study of lunar samples, as well as applications in environmental microbiology, cell biology, plant and soil science, and biomineralisation.

  • NanoSIMS: A new tool in Cosmochemistry
    Applied Surface Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Peter Hoppe
    Abstract:

    Abstract The Cameca NanoSIMS 50 is a new generation ion microprobe, characterized by high spatial resolution (down to 50 nm), high transmission, and simultaneous detection of up to six isotopes. After 4 years of operation the NanoSIMS has now become a well established tool in Cosmochemistry which has significantly contributed to a better understanding of the presence of presolar matter in primitive solar system materials and on the early solar system history. Examples of important breakthroughs are: (i) discovery of silicate stardust in interplanetary dust particles and primitive meteorites; (ii) extension of isotopic studies to submicrometer-sized presolar SiC and spinel grains separated from primitive meteorites by chemical and physical treatments; (iii) identification of isotopic heteorogeneities within micrometer-sized presolar grains; (iv) coordinated NanoSIMS-TEM studies made it possible to obtain simultaneous information on the mineralogy, structure, and isotopic composition of presolar materials; (v) detection of radiogenic 60Ni from the decay of radioactive 60Fe (half life 1.5 Ma) and of radiogenic 53Cr from the decay of radioactive 53Mn (half life 3.7 Ma) in meteoritic minerals.

Mark H. Thiemens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • James R. Arnold: From the Manhattan Project to the moon and beyond
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012
    Co-Authors: Mark H. Thiemens
    Abstract:

    On January 6, 2012, the field of Cosmochemistry (more specifically, meteoritics and lunar and planetary sciences) lost one of its founding scientists. Jim Arnold's scientific endeavors ranged widely, ranging from work on the Manhattan Project to the origin and use of cosmogenic nuclides in meteorites and lunar samples and to sampling cosmic dust with balloons.

  • Cosmochemistry: Understanding the Solar System through analysis of extraterrestrial materials
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011
    Co-Authors: Glenn J. Macpherson, Mark H. Thiemens
    Abstract:

    Cosmochemistry is the chemical analysis of extraterrestrial materials. This term generally is taken to mean laboratory analysis, which is the Cosmochemistry gold standard because of the ability for repeated analysis under highly controlled conditions using the most advanced instrumentation unhindered by limitations in power, space, or environment. Over the past 40 y, advances in technology have enabled telescopic and spacecraft instruments to provide important data that significantly complement the laboratory data. In this special edition, recent advances in the state of the art of Cosmochemistry are presented, which range from instrumental analysis of meteorites to theoretical–computational and astronomical observations.

D. Puy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Primordial chemistry from molecules to secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies
    New Astronomy Reviews, 2007
    Co-Authors: D. Puy, M. Signore
    Abstract:

    International audienceThe chemical history of the early Universe has strong consequences on the formation of the first bound objects and the spectrum of cosmic microwave background anisotropies. In this paper we investigate these questions through the creation of the primordial nuclei to the formation of the first atoms and molecules. Francesco Melchiorri influenced a large number of theorists on this new field of Cosmochemistry. Some part of Francesco?s work will be largely mentioned and discussed

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