Cosolvents

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Jacques Fages - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Ze-ting Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Solubility of o-nitrobenzoic acid in modified supercritical carbon dioxide at (308 to 328) K.
    Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2012
    Co-Authors: Junsu Jin, Zi-ming Dou, Hong-hai Liu, Ze-ting Zhang
    Abstract:

    The equilibrium solubility of o-nitrobenzoic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide with Cosolvents was determined with the dynamic method at temperatures of (308, 318, and 328) K and pressures in the range of (10.0 to 21.0) MPa. Ethanol and ethyl acetate were chosen as the Cosolvents with a mole fraction of 3.5 %. The equilibrium solubility of o-nitrobenzoic acid can be enhanced by the presence of both Cosolvents. The enhancement effects of ethanol and ethyl acetate were compared at 318 K; ethyl acetate showed a better cosolvent effect. The experimental data were correlated by the modified Mendez-Santiago and Teja model and the modified Sovova model. The results showed that the two models were able to reasonably correlate the experimental solubility data.

  • Measurement and correlation of solubility of benzamide in supercritical carbon dioxide with and without cosolvent
    Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2011
    Co-Authors: Junsu Jin, Ze-ting Zhang, Yubo Wang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The experimental equilibrium solubility of benzamide in supercritical carbon dioxide was measured at temperatures between 308 K and 328 K and for pressures from 11.0 MPa to 21.0 MPa using a dynamic flow method. The effects of three Cosolvents – ethanol, acetone and ethylene glycol, were investigated at a cosolvent molar concentration of 3.5%. The results showed that the solubility was enhanced by the presence of the three Cosolvents, and ethanol exhibited the highest cosolvent effect. The solubility data in the absence and presence of Cosolvents were correlated by two density-based models. The calculated results showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.

  • Solubilities of benzoic acid in supercritical CO2 with mixed cosolvent
    Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2004
    Co-Authors: Junsu Jin, Chongli Zhong, Ze-ting Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The solubilities of benzoic acid in supercritical CO 2 with pure and mixed cosolvent were measured at pressures from 8.0 to 23.0 MPa and 328.15 K for pure cosolvent, and 308.15, 318.15 and 328.15 K for mixed cosolvent. The experiments were carried out by using a flow-type phase equilibrium apparatus. The effect of Cosolvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethyl acetate + ethanol (molar ratio 1:1) was studied at the concentration of 2.0 mol%. The results show that the solubility enhancement follows the order: ethanol > ethyl acetate + ethanol > ethyl acetate. The measured solubilities were correlated using a modified Chrastil equation, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

  • solubility of solid solutes in supercritical carbon dioxide with and without Cosolvents
    Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2003
    Co-Authors: Ze-ting Zhang, Chongli Zhong, Yancheng Liu, Qingrong Zhou
    Abstract:

    Abstract The solubility of 2-naphthol and anthracene in supercritical CO 2 was determined at 308.1, 318.1 and 328.1 K, with and without cosolvent. The influence of three polar or nonpolar Cosolvents, acetone, ethanol and cyclohexane, was studied at concentrations of 3.6 and 4.0 mol%. The solubility enhancement with these Cosolvents is considerable, and the cosolvent effect increases in the order ethanol, acetone, and cyclohexane for 2-naphthol and for anthracene, the order is cyclohexane, ethanol, and acetone. The influence of density and cosolvent on the solid solubility was studied and discussed.

Virginia Ancillo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Solubility of Used Frying Oil in High Pressure CO2–Cosolvent Mixtures
    Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jesusa Rincón, Rafael Camarillo, Luis Rodríguez, Virginia Ancillo
    Abstract:

    The solubility of used frying oil in high pressure CO2 modified with four Cosolvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone, and hexane) has been determined using a dynamic flow method. The aim of the work has been to analyze and compare the oil solubilities in CO2–cosolvent mixtures to those attained with pure CO2 in order to determine how the use of Cosolvents affects the recovery of the undegraded triglyceride fraction of the waste oil. Another objective has been to obtain an empirical correlation to predict these solubility data for further scale-up applications. The pressure, temperature, and concentration ranges used to investigate the cosolvent effect were 30–35 MPa, 313–353 K, and 0.05–0.1 g of cosolvent/g of solvent, respectively. In such ranges the classical empirical models cannot be used since they do not account for the presence of a cosolvent. Therefore, a modification of the classical empirical correlations is proposed by introducing a cosolvent-concentration-dependent term. The modified model can be ...

  • Fractionation of Used Frying Oil by Supercritical CO2 and Cosolvents
    Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jesusa Rincón, Rafael Camarillo, Luis Rodríguez, Virginia Ancillo
    Abstract:

    Supercritical extraction with pure and modified CO2 has been used for the fractionation of waste frying oil at different temperature and pressure conditions (25−80 °C and 300−400 kg/cm2). The Cosolvents used to modify the CO2 behavior were ethanol, methanol, acetone, and hexane. They were selected because of their capacity to form hydrogen bonds. Both extraction rate and oil yield were larger under high density conditions (high pressure and low temperature). Further, when Cosolvents were used, higher values of both variables were attained at softer operating pressures. Regarding the effect of Cosolvents on these variables, it was found to follow this order: ethanol > methanol > acetone > hexane. The relative separation efficiency (RSE) of triglycerides (TG) from polar compounds with molecular weight higher than triglycerides (HMWC) was not greatly dependent on the operating conditions (pressure, temperature, cosolvent type, and cosolvent concentration). However, better values of the separation efficiency ...

Martial Sauceau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Buxing Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of Organic Cosolvents on the Solubility of Ionic Liquids in Supercritical CO2
    Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2004
    Co-Authors: Buxing Han, Tao Jiang, Dong Shen, Zhaofu Zhang, Donghai Sun, Bo Wang
    Abstract:

    The solubilities of ionic liquids (ILs) 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) and 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]) in supercritical (sc) CO2 with and without organic Cosolvents were determined at 40.0 °C and 15.0 MPa. The mole fraction of a cosolvent was up to 0.3. The solubilities of the ILs in sc CO2 + polar cosolvent mixtures increased dramatically as the cosolvent concentration exceeded 10 mol %, but the solubility was extremely low when the concentration of the cosolvent was lower than 10 mol %. The effect of a cosolvent on the solubility of the ILs in sc CO2 depends mainly on its polarity. The stronger the polarity of a cosolvent, the larger the effect. The ability of the mixed cosolvent to enhance the solubility is intermediate between the two pure Cosolvents.

  • Precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in compressed carbon dioxide-cosolvent systems
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Buxing Han, Haike Yan
    Abstract:

    Precipitation polymerizations of acrylic acid (AA) in compressed carbon dioxide (65 bar) with different Cosolvents, acetic acid, ethanol, and tetrahydrofuran, were studied. Analyses by viscosity measurement and differential scanning calorimetry indicate that the Cosolvents have a pronounced effect on the properties of the product. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the products progress from microparticles to bicontinuous networks to fibers with the change of Cosolvents and reaction conditions. Measurement of the volume expansion (ΔV%) of the liquid phase containing different Cosolvents indicates that the miscibility of compressed CO2 with the liquid phase is dependent on the cosolvent. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1876–1880, 2003

  • effect of Cosolvents on the precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide
    Polymer, 2001
    Co-Authors: Buxing Han, Haike Yan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in supercritical (SC) carbon dioxide with acetic acid and ethanol as the cosolvent were studied at 335 K in the range 12–17 MPa; 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) AIBN was used as the initiator. Analysis by viscosity measurement and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicates that the Cosolvents have a pronounced effect on the product molecular weight and glass transition temperature ( T g ). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the products are microparticles, and their sizes are affected by the structure and concentration of the Cosolvents. A UV/Vis spectroscopic method was used to study the initiation rate of AIBN. The molecular weights of the products are closely related to the decomposition rate.

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