The Experts below are selected from a list of 855 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yuncong Yao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation in Crabapple leaves.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2019Co-Authors: Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Jie Zhang, Sifan Wang, Yuncong YaoAbstract:Anthocyanins are a class of compounds that are widespread in plants, where they provide protection against stresses, and are also beneficial to human health as dietary components. Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in tissue cultured plantlets of two Malus Crabapple cultivars following various exogenous melatonin treatments under light and dark conditions. The application of exogenous melatonin not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, but also increased the contents of flavonols and proanthocyanins (PAs), via a process that was not dependent on light. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, flavonoid related transcription factors and melatonin biosynthetic genes was induced by melatonin. We propose that anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by melatonin in Crabapple leaves via the expression of flavonoid related transcription factors. This study provides insight into the mechanism of melatonin induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in woody plants, and suggests that pretreatment with melatonin may represent a cultivation strategy to increase the flavonoid contents of plants.
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McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.
Frontiers in plant science, 2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants，anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites , which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 transcription factor binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Image_1_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.PDF
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Table_4_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.DOC
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Analysis of Morphological Features and Flavonoid Compositions of Crabapple Exposed to 60Coγ Radiation Treatments
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2018Co-Authors: Suxiao Hao, Hui Geng, Yuncong YaoAbstract:Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites, whose content and composition such as anthocyanin and flavonol have been associated with fruit quality and affect fruit coloration. Crabapple (Malus spp.), with rich color and nutritive value, belongs to the family M. genus of the Rosaceae family, and it is widely used in landscape for its rich flavonoid compositions. Radiation mutagenesis breeding may increase the gene mutation frequency and enhance diversity of species, so it is a predominant approach for plant germplasm innovation. However, the changes of Crabapple morphological characteristics and flavonoid compositions by radiation are not clear. In this study, we employed 60Coγ radiation to M.cv. ‘Royalty’ Crabapple, and then surveyed the changes of leaves and flowers in the growth and morphology traits, color parameters, flavonoid composition, and the genetic diversity. The result found that 60Coγ radiation decreased plant height, stem diameter and leaf and flower areas. And it promoted the flavonoids accumulation in leaves, but inhibited that in flowers. Additionally, 60Coγ radiation improved DNA diversity. W60-7, W40-2 and W40-5 plants showed clear phenotypic variation by AFLP analysis. These results provide evidence that mutagenesis breeding may change the morphological features and flavonoid compositions, and expand Crabapple germplasm resources and improve its application value.
Jie Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation in Crabapple leaves.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2019Co-Authors: Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Jie Zhang, Sifan Wang, Yuncong YaoAbstract:Anthocyanins are a class of compounds that are widespread in plants, where they provide protection against stresses, and are also beneficial to human health as dietary components. Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in tissue cultured plantlets of two Malus Crabapple cultivars following various exogenous melatonin treatments under light and dark conditions. The application of exogenous melatonin not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, but also increased the contents of flavonols and proanthocyanins (PAs), via a process that was not dependent on light. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, flavonoid related transcription factors and melatonin biosynthetic genes was induced by melatonin. We propose that anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by melatonin in Crabapple leaves via the expression of flavonoid related transcription factors. This study provides insight into the mechanism of melatonin induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in woody plants, and suggests that pretreatment with melatonin may represent a cultivation strategy to increase the flavonoid contents of plants.
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identification of leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase genes involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in malus Crabapple plants
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hua Li, Tingting Song, Ji Tian, Jie Zhang, Keting LiAbstract:Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs) from plants are a nutritionally valuable component of the human diet and play important roles in defense against pests and diseases. PAs are products of the flavonoid pathway, which also leads to the production of anthocyanins and flavonols. The enzymes leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) are involved in PA biosynthesis. The PA biosynthetic pathway has been characterized in several plant species, but the relationship between its expression and PA accumulation in Malus Crabapple remains unclear. Here, we cloned the LAR genes MrLAR1, 2, and the ANR genes MrANR1, 2, from the red leaved Malus Crabapple cultivar ‘Royalty’. The contents of PAs and the expression levels of the LAR and ANR genes were investigated in different organs of the two Crabapple cultivars. The transcript levels of two LAR genes and two ANR genes correlated with the contents of the catechin and epicatechin, which are proanthocyanidin precursors. Over-expression of the MrLAR1, 2 and MrANR1, 2 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) promoted the accumulation of PAs, while transient silencing of their expression in Crabapple resulted in reduced PA levels. In addition, a negative correlation between quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthesis was also found during Crabapple leaf and fruit peel development. We also found that MrLAR1 and 2 may contribute to epicatechin biosynthesis. In summary, the LAR and ANR genes are critical factors in PA biosynthesis, and there is competition between the quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthetic pathways during leaf and fruit peel development in Malus Crabapple.
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McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.
Frontiers in plant science, 2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants，anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites , which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 transcription factor binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Table_4_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.DOC
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Image_1_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.PDF
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
Ji Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation in Crabapple leaves.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2019Co-Authors: Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Jie Zhang, Sifan Wang, Yuncong YaoAbstract:Anthocyanins are a class of compounds that are widespread in plants, where they provide protection against stresses, and are also beneficial to human health as dietary components. Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in tissue cultured plantlets of two Malus Crabapple cultivars following various exogenous melatonin treatments under light and dark conditions. The application of exogenous melatonin not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, but also increased the contents of flavonols and proanthocyanins (PAs), via a process that was not dependent on light. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, flavonoid related transcription factors and melatonin biosynthetic genes was induced by melatonin. We propose that anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by melatonin in Crabapple leaves via the expression of flavonoid related transcription factors. This study provides insight into the mechanism of melatonin induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in woody plants, and suggests that pretreatment with melatonin may represent a cultivation strategy to increase the flavonoid contents of plants.
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identification of leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase genes involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in malus Crabapple plants
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hua Li, Tingting Song, Ji Tian, Jie Zhang, Keting LiAbstract:Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs) from plants are a nutritionally valuable component of the human diet and play important roles in defense against pests and diseases. PAs are products of the flavonoid pathway, which also leads to the production of anthocyanins and flavonols. The enzymes leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) are involved in PA biosynthesis. The PA biosynthetic pathway has been characterized in several plant species, but the relationship between its expression and PA accumulation in Malus Crabapple remains unclear. Here, we cloned the LAR genes MrLAR1, 2, and the ANR genes MrANR1, 2, from the red leaved Malus Crabapple cultivar ‘Royalty’. The contents of PAs and the expression levels of the LAR and ANR genes were investigated in different organs of the two Crabapple cultivars. The transcript levels of two LAR genes and two ANR genes correlated with the contents of the catechin and epicatechin, which are proanthocyanidin precursors. Over-expression of the MrLAR1, 2 and MrANR1, 2 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) promoted the accumulation of PAs, while transient silencing of their expression in Crabapple resulted in reduced PA levels. In addition, a negative correlation between quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthesis was also found during Crabapple leaf and fruit peel development. We also found that MrLAR1 and 2 may contribute to epicatechin biosynthesis. In summary, the LAR and ANR genes are critical factors in PA biosynthesis, and there is competition between the quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthetic pathways during leaf and fruit peel development in Malus Crabapple.
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McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.
Frontiers in plant science, 2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants，anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites , which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 transcription factor binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Image_1_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.PDF
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Table_4_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.DOC
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
Tingting Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation in Crabapple leaves.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 2019Co-Authors: Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Jie Zhang, Sifan Wang, Yuncong YaoAbstract:Anthocyanins are a class of compounds that are widespread in plants, where they provide protection against stresses, and are also beneficial to human health as dietary components. Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in tissue cultured plantlets of two Malus Crabapple cultivars following various exogenous melatonin treatments under light and dark conditions. The application of exogenous melatonin not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, but also increased the contents of flavonols and proanthocyanins (PAs), via a process that was not dependent on light. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, flavonoid related transcription factors and melatonin biosynthetic genes was induced by melatonin. We propose that anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by melatonin in Crabapple leaves via the expression of flavonoid related transcription factors. This study provides insight into the mechanism of melatonin induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in woody plants, and suggests that pretreatment with melatonin may represent a cultivation strategy to increase the flavonoid contents of plants.
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identification of leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase genes involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in malus Crabapple plants
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hua Li, Tingting Song, Ji Tian, Jie Zhang, Keting LiAbstract:Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs) from plants are a nutritionally valuable component of the human diet and play important roles in defense against pests and diseases. PAs are products of the flavonoid pathway, which also leads to the production of anthocyanins and flavonols. The enzymes leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) are involved in PA biosynthesis. The PA biosynthetic pathway has been characterized in several plant species, but the relationship between its expression and PA accumulation in Malus Crabapple remains unclear. Here, we cloned the LAR genes MrLAR1, 2, and the ANR genes MrANR1, 2, from the red leaved Malus Crabapple cultivar ‘Royalty’. The contents of PAs and the expression levels of the LAR and ANR genes were investigated in different organs of the two Crabapple cultivars. The transcript levels of two LAR genes and two ANR genes correlated with the contents of the catechin and epicatechin, which are proanthocyanidin precursors. Over-expression of the MrLAR1, 2 and MrANR1, 2 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) promoted the accumulation of PAs, while transient silencing of their expression in Crabapple resulted in reduced PA levels. In addition, a negative correlation between quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthesis was also found during Crabapple leaf and fruit peel development. We also found that MrLAR1 and 2 may contribute to epicatechin biosynthesis. In summary, the LAR and ANR genes are critical factors in PA biosynthesis, and there is competition between the quercetin, anthocyanin, and PA biosynthetic pathways during leaf and fruit peel development in Malus Crabapple.
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McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.
Frontiers in plant science, 2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants，anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites , which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 transcription factor binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Image_1_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.PDF
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
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Table_4_McMYB10 Modulates the Expression of a Ubiquitin Ligase, McCOP1 During Leaf Coloration in Crabapple.DOC
2018Co-Authors: Jie Zhang, Ji Tian, Tingting Song, Hui Geng, Yan-hui Kang, Meng-chen Chen, Yuncong YaoAbstract:In higher plants, anthocyanins are protective secondary metabolites, which contribute to the color of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, and have been found to have an antioxidant role in human health. In this study, we determined the expression of McMYB10 and its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, McCOP1, in Crabapple leaves during the course of a day and in five leaf development stages. Interestingly, the results showed that the transcription level of McCOP1 genes was higher in daylight than at night, and the transcripts of McMYB10 presented a positive correlation with the transcription of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and anthocyanin accumulation in a Crabapple cultivar with red-colored leaves. Several MYB transcription factor (TF) binding sites of the MYBCORE type were found in the McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 promoters, and we deduced that there may be a relationship between McMYB10 and McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 at the transcriptional level. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that the McMYB10 TF binds specifically to the promoter of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2. Furthermore, increased levels of McMYB10 promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression level of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 in Crabapple leaves during continuous light treatments, and overexpression or silencing of McMYB10 in Crabapple leaves and apple fruits also result in an increase or decrease, respectively, in the expression of McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 and in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results reveal a new self-regulation mechanism in where McMYB10 modulates its own expression by activating McCOP1-1 and McCOP1-2 expression to promote ubiquitination of the McMYB10 protein by McCOP1.
R J Boal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new canker disease of Crabapple trees caused by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis in Washington State.
Plant Health Progress, 2009Co-Authors: C. L. Xiao, Y. K. Kim, R J BoalAbstract:This is the first report of this fungus causing cankers and twig dieback on Crabapple trees. Our findings indicate that canker symptoms on Crabapple trees caused by P. washingtonensis are similar to those caused by S. pyriputrescens and that infected Crabapple trees may serve as a source of P. washington ensis inoculum for infection of apple. Accepted for publication 23 April 2009. Published 12 June 2009.
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a new canker and twig dieback disease of apple and Crabapple trees caused by sphaeropsis pyriputrescens in washington state
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: C. L. Xiao, R J BoalAbstract:Crabapple (Malus sylvestris) is commonly used as a source of pollen in apple production. During September and October 2003, a canker and twig dieback disease of ‘Manchurian’ Crabapple trees was observed in some commercial apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) orchards (7- to 10-years-old) in north-central Washington State. A fungus was consistently isolated from 40 to 77% of sampled Crabapple trees. During May 2004, the same symptoms and fungal association were observed in an 8-year-old ‘Fuji’ apple orchard in which all Crabapple pollenizers and 43% of the Fuji trees were diseased. Canker and dieback appeared to originate from infection of dying or dead fruit spurs or pruning wounds. Cankered areas were slightly sunken, brown and the margin of diseased area often developed cracks in the cortical tissue. Pycnidia were often present in older areas of the lesion. Pycnidia were black, 0.3 to 0.6 mm in diameter, separate to aggregated in small numbers, and partially immersed to nearly superficial in the diseased ti...
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A New Canker and Twig Dieback Disease of Apple and Crabapple Trees Caused by Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens in Washington State.
Plant disease, 2005Co-Authors: C. L. Xiao, R J BoalAbstract:Crabapple (Malus sylvestris) is commonly used as a source of pollen in apple production. During September and October 2003, a canker and twig dieback disease of 'Manchurian' Crabapple trees was observed in some commercial apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) orchards (7- to 10-years-old) in north-central Washington State. A fungus was consistently isolated from 40 to 77% of sampled Crabapple trees. During May 2004, the same symptoms and fungal association were observed in an 8-year-old 'Fuji' apple orchard in which all Crabapple pollenizers and 43% of the Fuji trees were diseased. Canker and dieback appeared to originate from infection of dying or dead fruit spurs or pruning wounds. Cankered areas were slightly sunken, brown and the margin of diseased area often developed cracks in the cortical tissue. Pycnidia were often present in older areas of the lesion. Pycnidia were black, 0.3 to 0.6 mm in diameter, separate to aggregated in small numbers, and partially immersed to nearly superficial in the diseased tissue. To isolate the fungus, outer bark tissues of diseased twigs were scraped and small tissue segments were cut from the canker margin. Tissue segments were surface disinfested for 5 min in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, rinsed three times with sterile water, cut into small pieces, and placed on acidified potato-dextrose agar (APDA, 4.0 ml of a 25% solution of lactic acid per liter of medium). Isolation plates were incubated at 20°C in the dark. Colonies of the fungus first appeared as dense colorless mycelium that later turned light yellow to yellow. The fungus was identified as Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens Xiao & J. D. Rogers (1). To complete Koch's postulates, two isolates (one each from apple and Crabapple) were used in pathogenicity tests on 'Fuji' apple and 'Manchurian' Crabapple trees. In the orchard, selected 2-year-old twigs were sprayed with 70% ethanol and allowed to dry. Twigs were wounded to a depth of 1 to 2 mm with a sterile 5-mm-diameter cork borer; a 5-mm mycelial plug from 4-day-old PDA cultures of S. pyriputrescens was placed into each wound. Twigs wounded and treated with sterile APDA plugs were used as controls. Inoculation sites were covered with moist cheesecloth and sealed with Parafilm that was removed 3 weeks after inoculation. Four twigs per isolate on each of four trees were inoculated. The experiment was conducted twice (April and November 2004 for apple; two different locations in March 2004 for Crabapple). At 2 and 6 months after inoculation, two apple twigs per treatment were removed from each tree. All Crabapple twigs were removed 2 months after inoculation. Canker sizes were measured and reisolation of the fungus was attempted as described above. Both isolates caused cankers on apple and Crabapple twigs. Mean canker sizes at 6 months after inoculation were 11 and 32 mm on apple twigs inoculated in April and November 2004, respectively and 7 to 8 mm on Crabapple twigs at 2 months after inoculation. No cankers developed on control twigs. S. pyriputrescens was reisolated from all inoculated twigs and was not recovered from noninoculated controls. S. pyriputrescens is the cause of Sphaeropsis rot, a recently reported postharvest fruit rot disease of apple and pear (1,2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of this fungus causing cankers and twig dieback on apple and Crabapple trees. Reference: (1) C. L. Xiao and J. D. Rogers. Plant Dis. 88:114, 2004. (2) C. L. Xiao et al. Plant Dis. 88:223, 2004.
