The Experts below are selected from a list of 201 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Brenda L. Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Andy Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high technology Crime investigator s handbook establishing and managing a high technology Crime Prevention Program
    2006
    Co-Authors: Gerald L. Kovacich, Andy Jones
    Abstract:

    SECTION I Introduction to the High Technology Crimes Environment Chapter 1. What Investigators Should Know About the High Technology Supported Global Threats Chapter 2. The High Technology Crimes Miscreants, Profiles, Motives and Philosophies. Chapter 3. The Basic Techniques Used by High Technology Crimes Miscreants Chapter 4. The Basic Information Systems Security Techniques Being Used to Defend Against the High Technology Crimes Miscreants SECTION II High-Technology Incidents and Crime Investigations Chapter 5. Investigating High Technology Crimes Chapter 6. Responding to High-Technology Incidents and Crimes Chapter 7. The Collection of Evidence Chapter 8. Interviews and Interrogations Chapter 9. An Introduction to Computer Forensics Chapter 10. Establishing and Managing a Computer Forensics Laboratory Chapter 11. High Technology Crimes: Case Summaries SECTION III Overview of the High Technology Crimes Investigations Profession and Unit Chapter 12. The Global Enterprise Corporation (GEC) Model Chapter 13. Understanding the Role of the High Technology Crimes Investigator and an Anti-Crimes Unit in the Business and Management Environment Chapter 14. The High Technology Crimes Investigations Unit Strategic, Tactical, and Annual Plans Chapter 15. High Technology Anti-Crimes Investigations Program and Organization Chapter 16. High Technology Crimes Investigations Functions Chapter 17. Sources, Networking and Liaison Chapter 18. High Technology Crime Investigations Unit Metrics Management System Chapter 19. Outsourcing High-Technology Investigations Pros and Cons SECTION IV - High Technology Crime Investigation Challenges of the 21st Century Chapter 20. The Future of High Technology and Its Impact on Working in a Global Information Environment Chapter 21. The Future of High Technology Crimes, Security and the Criminal Justice Systems Chapter 22. Terrorism Crime or War? Its Impact on the High Technology Incidents and Crimes Investigations Chapter 23. The Future of the High Technology Crimes Investigator Profession Chapter 24. Developing a Career as a High Technology Crimes Investigator Chapter 25. Marketing Yourself as a Successful High Technology Crimes Investigator Chapter 26. Becoming a High Technology Consultant Chapter 27. Conclusions and Final Thoughts

  • High-Technology Crime Investigation Program and Organization
    High-Technology Crime Investigator's Handbook, 2006
    Co-Authors: Gerald Kovacich, Andy Jones
    Abstract:

    This chapter aims to describe and discuss the establishment and management of the organization chartered with the responsibility to lead the high-technology Crime Prevention effort for GEC (a fictitious corporation), including describing the organization, structuring the organization, and detailing the job descriptions of the personnel to be hired to fill the positions within the high-technology Crime Prevention organization. Establishing an effective and efficient high-technology Crime investigative unit and Crime Prevention Program requires a detailed analysis and integration of all the information that has been learned. Determining the need for a high-technology Crime investigative subordinate unit requires detailed analysis of company environment, budget, and an understanding of how to apply resource allocation techniques successfully to the high-technology Crime investigative and Crime Prevention functions. After the need for a high-technology Crime Prevention subordinate organization is determined, then the high-technology Crime investigator must determine what functions must be performed and in what priority.

  • The High-Technology Crime Investigation Unit's Strategic, Tactical, and Annual Plans
    High-Technology Crime Investigator's Handbook, 2006
    Co-Authors: Gerald Kovacich, Andy Jones
    Abstract:

    This chapter aims to establish the plans for the high-technology Crime Prevention organization that provides the GEC (a fictitious corporation) security department's strategic, tactical, and annual plans, as well as those of GEC overall. These plans will set the direction for GEC's high-technology Crime Prevention Program (HTCPP), and their integration will indicate that the HTCPP is an integral part of both the GEC security department and GEC itself. When developing the high-technology Crime Prevention strategic plan, the high-technology Crime investigator manager must ensure that the following basic high-technology Crime Prevention principles are included, either specifically or in principle (because it is part of the high-technology Crime Prevention strategy): 1. Minimize the probability of a high-technology Crime; 2. Conduct professional, effective, efficient, and discreet inquiries or investigations if allegations of high-technology Crimes are reported; 3. Report the investigative findings to management (including an analysis of each investigation), coordinate the results with other security functions, and make recommendations to minimize the probability of recurrence.

Geert Jan J. M. Stams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Long-Term Effects of the Youth Crime Prevention Program “New Perspectives” on Delinquency and Recidivism:
    International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanne L. A. De Vries, Machteld Hoeve, Jessica J. Asscher, Geert Jan J. M. Stams
    Abstract:

    New Perspectives (NP) aims to prevent persistent criminal behavior. We examined the long-term effectiveness of NP and whether the effects were moderated by demographic and delinquency factors. At-risk youth aged 12 to 19 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (NP, n = 47) or care as usual (CAU, n = 54). Official and self-report data were collected to assess recidivism. NP was not more effective in reducing delinquency levels and recidivism than CAU. Also, no moderator effects were found. The overall null effects are discussed, including further research and policy implications.

  • a randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of the youth Crime Prevention Program new perspectives np post treatment changes and moderator effects
    Children and Youth Services Review, 2017
    Co-Authors: Sanne L. A. De Vries, Machteld Hoeve, Jessica J. Asscher, Carlijn J M Wibbelink, Geert Jan J. M. Stams
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objectives New Perspectives (NP) aims to prevent that youth at onset of a criminal career will develop a more persistent criminal behavior pattern. The study aim was to examine whether NP was effective relative to care as usual in preventing and reducing (persistent) delinquency. Moreover, we examined improvements in secondary outcomes (e.g., peer and parent relationships and cognitive distortions) and other outcomes (e.g., substance use and self-esteem). Methods At-risk youth ( N  = 101) aged 12 to 19 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (NP, n  = 47) or control group (‘care as usual’, n  = 54). The effects of the NP intensive phase (3 months after Program start) and aftercare phase (6 months after Program start) were analyzed. Results NP and care as usual did not differ on any of the outcome measures at both post-test occasions. The effects of NP were the same for boys and girls, different age groups, and ethnic groups. Conclusions The overall null-effects are discussed, including implications for further research, policy, and practice.

  • Predictors of Intervention Success in a Sports-Based Program for Adolescents at Risk of Juvenile Delinquency:
    International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Anouk Spruit, Claudia E. Van Der Put, Eveline Van Vugt, Geert Jan J. M. Stams
    Abstract:

    To prevent juvenile delinquency, there is growing interest in the use of sports-based interventions. To date, there is little empirical research that provides insights into for whom, how, and when sports-based Crime Prevention Programs are most effective. Therefore, the current study assessed which youth, coach, and context factors were predictive of change in risk factors and protective factors for delinquency in a sports-based Crime Prevention Program for at-risk adolescents. Participants ( N = 155) and their teachers filled in questionnaires about risk and protective factors for delinquency at the start of the intervention and 13 months later. In addition, the coaches and participants filled in questionnaires about the predictors of intervention success. The youths showed significant improvements over the course of the intervention. Various youth, coach, and context factors (e.g., the type of education of youth and the sociomoral climate at the sports club) were associated to change in the outcome variables.

David P. Farrington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Predicting Future Criminal Convictions of Children Under Age 12 Using the Early Assessment Risk Lists
    Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Christopher J. Koegl, David P. Farrington, Leena K. Augimeri
    Abstract:

    Purpose The Early Assessment Risk Lists for Boys (EARL-20B) and Girls (EARL-21G) measure risk for future antisocial behaviour in conduct-disordered children aged 6–11. Their aim is to assist clinicians in targeting these factors so that evidence-based, age-graded responses to antisocial behaviour can be provided to prevent children from entering the criminal justice system. EARL-20B and EARL-21G factors are targeted in the Stop Now And Plan® (SNAP) Crime Prevention Program, which has been proven to be both effective and cost-effective. The present study assessed the long-term predictive power of the EARL-20B for 379 boys and the EARL-21G for 67 girls who received the SNAP Program between 1985 and 1999. Methods EARL scores were retrospectively coded from case files by three independent raters who also provided confidence ratings for each case (i.e. high, moderate, low). EARL scores were compared with official criminal conviction records registered between each child’s 12th and 21st birthdays. Results The EARL-20B total score was a significant predictor of any offence for boys and its predictive power was improved for high-confidence ratings. For females, the EARL-21G total score predicted property offending and administration of justice charges for high-moderate confidence cases only. Specific individual, family and peer factors predicted conviction status at follow-up for boys and girls. Conclusions The findings from this study provide support for using empirically-derived risk assessment tools such as the EARL-20B and EARL-21G to identify children at high risk for future involvement in Crime. Developmental Crime Prevention Programs such as SNAP should focus on children with a subset of risk factors that have strong statistical relationships with conviction status during adolescence and early adulthood.

  • Predicting Future Criminal Convictions of Children Under Age 12 Using the Early Assessment Risk Lists
    Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Christopher J. Koegl, David P. Farrington, Leena K. Augimeri
    Abstract:

    Purpose The Early Assessment Risk Lists for Boys (EARL-20B) and Girls (EARL-21G) measure risk for future antisocial behaviour in conduct-disordered children aged 6–11. Their aim is to assist clinicians in targeting these factors so that evidence-based, age-graded responses to antisocial behaviour can be provided to prevent children from entering the criminal justice system. EARL-20B and EARL-21G factors are targeted in the Stop Now And Plan® (SNAP) Crime Prevention Program, which has been proven to be both effective and cost-effective. The present study assessed the long-term predictive power of the EARL-20B for 379 boys and the EARL-21G for 67 girls who received the SNAP Program between 1985 and 1999. Methods EARL scores were retrospectively coded from case files by three independent raters who also provided confidence ratings for each case (i.e. high, moderate, low). EARL scores were compared with official criminal conviction records registered between each child’s 12th and 21st birthdays. Results The EARL-20B total score was a significant predictor of any offence for boys and its predictive power was improved for high-confidence ratings. For females, the EARL-21G total score predicted property offending and administration of justice charges for high-moderate confidence cases only. Specific individual, family and peer factors predicted conviction status at follow-up for boys and girls. Conclusions The findings from this study provide support for using empirically-derived risk assessment tools such as the EARL-20B and EARL-21G to identify children at high risk for future involvement in Crime. Developmental Crime Prevention Programs such as SNAP should focus on children with a subset of risk factors that have strong statistical relationships with conviction status during adolescence and early adulthood.

  • Predicting Future Criminal Convictions of Children Under Age 12 Using the Early Assessment Risk Lists
    2019
    Co-Authors: Christopher J. Koegl, David P. Farrington, Leena K. Augimeri
    Abstract:

    The Early Assessment Risk Lists for Boys (EARL-20B) and Girls (EARL-21G) measure risk for future antisocial behaviour in conduct-disordered children aged 6–11. Their aim is to assist clinicians in targeting these factors so that evidence-based, age-graded responses to antisocial behaviour can be provided to prevent children from entering the criminal justice system. EARL-20B and EARL-21G factors are targeted in the Stop Now And Plan® (SNAP) Crime Prevention Program, which has been proven to be both effective and cost-effective. The present study assessed the long-term predictive power of the EARL-20B for 379 boys and the EARL-21G for 67 girls who received the SNAP Program between 1985 and 1999. EARL scores were retrospectively coded from case files by three independent raters who also provided confidence ratings for each case (i.e. high, moderate, low). EARL scores were compared with official criminal conviction records registered between each child’s 12th and 21st birthdays. The EARL-20B total score was a significant predictor of any offence for boys and its predictive power was improved for high-confidence ratings. For females, the EARL-21G total score predicted property offending and administration of justice charges for high-moderate confidence cases only. Specific individual, family and peer factors predicted conviction status at follow-up for boys and girls. The findings from this study provide support for using empirically-derived risk assessment tools such as the EARL-20B and EARL-21G to identify children at high risk for future involvement in Crime. Developmental Crime Prevention Programs such as SNAP should focus on children with a subset of risk factors that have strong statistical relationships with conviction status during adolescence and early adulthood.

  • Evidence-based Crime Prevention: The Effectiveness of CCTV
    Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 2004
    Co-Authors: Brandon C. Welsh, David P. Farrington
    Abstract:

    An evidence-based approach to preventing Crime calls for the use of the highest-quality available evidence on the efficacy of a Crime Prevention Program type and the use of the most rigorous methods to analyze this evidence. This article reports on the findings of a systematic review—incorporating meta-analytic techniques—of the highest-quality available research evidence on the effects of CCTV on Crime in public space. CCTV had a significant desirable effect on Crime, with an overall reduction in Crime of 21 per cent in experimental compared to comparable control areas. CCTV was most effective in reducing Crime in car parks, most effective when combined with improved street lighting and targeted at vehicle Crimes, and more effective in reducing Crime in the UK than in North America.

  • Evaluating a Community Crime Prevention Program
    Evaluation, 1997
    Co-Authors: David P. Farrington
    Abstract:

    This paper recommends a method of evaluating a community Crime Prevention Program called Communities that Care. The distinctive feature of this Program is that it systematically assesses local risk factors for youth Crime and implements tried and tested Prevention strategies to tackle them. The evaluation design involves comparing experimental and control communities and taking measures of key outcome variables (Crime, delinquency, substance abuse and adolescent problem behaviour) before and after the intervention package. The design is justified by reference to internal validity, methods of statistical analysis are discussed, and previous community Crime Prevention Programs in the UK are reviewed.

Brandon C. Welsh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Association of a Crime Prevention Program for Boys With Mortality 72 Years After the Intervention: Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial
    JAMA network open, 2019
    Co-Authors: Brandon C. Welsh, Steven N. Zane, Gregory M. Zimmerman, Alexis Yohros
    Abstract:

    Importance Mortality is an important outcome in evaluating Crime Prevention Programs, but little is known about the effects on mortality during the full life course. Objective To determine the long-term outcomes of a Crime Prevention Program on mortality and whether the iatrogenic effects on mortality observed in middle age persist or change in old age. Design This longitudinal follow-up was conducted in a cohort of boys included in a matched-pair randomized clinical trial (the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study). Six hundred fifty boys aged 5 to 13 years who lived and attended public and parochial schools in working-class areas of Cambridge and Somerville, Massachusetts, and were identified as at risk for antisocial behavior were matched by age and demographic characteristics. One member of each pair was randomly allocated to the treatment condition. The original trial was performed from June 1, 1939, to December 1945. Follow-up in the present analysis was performed from January 2016 through June 2018. Interventions Treatment group participants received individual counseling through a range of activities and home visits for an extended duration (mean, 5.5 years). Control group participants received no special services. Main Outcomes and Measures The 4 outcomes of interest include age at mortality, mortality at latest follow-up, premature mortality (younger than 40 years), and cause of mortality (natural vs unnatural). Results In the original analysis, 650 participants were matched and randomized to treatment or control conditions, of whom 506 were retained in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 9.8 [1.7] years). Through early 2018, records for 488 participants (96.4%) were located. A total of 446 participants were confirmed dead (88.1%) and 42 alive (8.3%). Matched-pairs analyses showed no significant differences between the treatment and control groups for mortality at latest follow-up (relative risk [RR], 1.05; 95% CI, 0.99-1.11), premature mortality (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.55-2.43), or cause of mortality (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.65-2.18) (P > .05 for all). Cox proportional hazard regression indicated no difference in time to death between groups (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.98-1.41;P = .09). Conclusions and Relevance Iatrogenic effects on mortality were not detected in this long-term follow-up. The longitudinal analysis provides information on the utility of life-long assessments of Crime Prevention Programs and draws attention to the need for quality-of-life assessments of participants and their children.

  • can disciplined passion overcome the cynical view an empirical inquiry of evaluator influence on police Crime Prevention Program outcomes
    Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Brandon C. Welsh, Anthony A Braga, Meghan E Hollispeel
    Abstract:

    Investigate the degree and nature of influence that researchers have in police Crime Prevention Programs and whether a high degree of influence is associated with biased reporting of results. Meta-analytic inquiry of experimental and quasi-experimental studies (n = 42), drawn from four Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews of leading police Crime Prevention strategies: problem-oriented policing, “hot spots” policing, “pulling levers” policing, and street-level drug enforcement. Larger Program effects are not associated with studies with higher involvement on the part of the evaluator (e.g., assisting in strategy design, monitoring implementation, overcoming implementation problems). This study does not find support for the cynical view, which holds that researchers have a personal stake in the Program or are pressured to report positive results. Importantly, the evaluator’s involvement in the implementation of the Program may be a necessary condition of successfully executed police experiments in complex field settings.

  • Evidence-based Crime Prevention: The Effectiveness of CCTV
    Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 2004
    Co-Authors: Brandon C. Welsh, David P. Farrington
    Abstract:

    An evidence-based approach to preventing Crime calls for the use of the highest-quality available evidence on the efficacy of a Crime Prevention Program type and the use of the most rigorous methods to analyze this evidence. This article reports on the findings of a systematic review—incorporating meta-analytic techniques—of the highest-quality available research evidence on the effects of CCTV on Crime in public space. CCTV had a significant desirable effect on Crime, with an overall reduction in Crime of 21 per cent in experimental compared to comparable control areas. CCTV was most effective in reducing Crime in car parks, most effective when combined with improved street lighting and targeted at vehicle Crimes, and more effective in reducing Crime in the UK than in North America.