The Experts below are selected from a list of 80259 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dorothy E. Leidner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Crisis Response information networks
Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2012Co-Authors: Dorothy E. LeidnerAbstract:In the past two decades, organizational scholars have focused significant attention on how organizations manage crises. While most of these studies concentrate on Crisis prevention, there is a growing emphasis on Crisis Response. Because information that is critical to Crisis Response may become outdated as Crisis conditions change, Crisis Response research recognizes that the management of information flows and networks is critical to Crisis Response. Yet despite its importance, little is known about the various types of Crisis information networks and the role of IT in enabling these information networks. Employing concepts from information flow and social network theories, this paper contributes to Crisis management research by developing four Crisis Response information network prototypes. These networks are based on two main dimensions: (1) information flow intensity and (2) network density. We describe how considerations of these two dimensions with supporting case evidence yield four prototypical Crisis information Response networks: Information Star, Information Pyramid, Information Forest, and Information Black-out. In addition, we examine the role of IT within each information network structure. We conclude with guidelines for managers to deploy appropriate information networks during Crisis Response and with suggestions for future research related to IT and Crisis management.
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The Role of IT in Crisis Response: Lessons from Sars and Asian Tsunami Disasters
2009Co-Authors: Dorothy E. Leidner, Gary Pan, Shan L. PanAbstract:Research on Crisis management recognizes the important role of information although few studies of Crisis Response deal explicitly with information systems. In this paper, we present a case study of Singapore's Response to the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters. Using the resource-based view of the firm as our theoretical lens, we examine three research questions: what IS resources are needed in Crisis Response, how are these IS resources bundled with other non-IS resources, and how are they effectively coordinated? Our analysis of the case suggests that existing assets such as information technology infrastructure, leadership, and collaborative networks and existing capabilities such as the ability to build and apply IT, the ability to recognize signals and the ability to see the big picture are critical during Crisis Response. The actions taken using these assets and capabilities include informing resolutely, gaining stakeholder commitment and agile mobilizing of people and IT. Our analysis further suggests that coordination mechanisms, namely the Crisis Response organizational, informational, and IT structures, are important facilitators of the Response actions. The resulting framework of resource deployment during Crisis Response extends the resource based view of the firm into a cooperative setting, aiming to understand the nature of IS resource value in a cooperative context, and considers not just the resources per se, but the means of coordination the resources.
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The role of IT in Crisis Response: Lessons from the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters
The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 2009Co-Authors: Dorothy E. Leidner, Gary Pan, Shan L. PanAbstract:Research on Crisis management recognizes the important role of information although few studies of Crisis Response deal explicitly with information systems. In this paper, we present a case study of Singapore's Response to the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters. Using the resource-based view of the firm as our theoretical lens, we examine three research questions: what IS resources are needed in Crisis Response, how are these IS resources bundled with other non-IS resources, and how are they effectively coordinated? Our analysis of the case suggests that existing assets such as information technology infrastructure, leadership, and collaborative networks and existing capabilities such as the ability to build and apply IT, the ability to recognize signals and the ability to see the big picture are critical during Crisis Response. The actions taken using these assets and capabilities include informing resolutely, gaining stakeholder commitment and agile mobilizing of people and IT. Our analysis further suggests that coordination mechanisms, namely the Crisis Response organizational, informational, and IT structures, are important facilitators of the Response actions. The resulting framework of resource deployment during Crisis Response extends the resource based view of the firm into a cooperative setting, aiming to understand the nature of IS resource value in a cooperative context, and considers not just the resources per se, but the means of coordination the resources.
Abdel-badeeh M. Salem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Artificial Immune Systems Metaphor for Agent Based Modeling of Crisis Response Operations
Handbook on Decision Making, 2012Co-Authors: Khaled M. Khalil, Mohamed Abdel-aziz, Taymour T. Nazmy, Abdel-badeeh M. SalemAbstract:Crisis Response requires information intensive efforts utilized for reducing uncertainty, calculating and comparing costs and benefits, and managing resources in a fashion beyond those regularly available to handle routine problems. This paper presents an Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) metaphor for agent based modeling of Crisis Response operations. The presented model proposes integration of hybrid set of aspects (multi-agent systems, built-in defensive model of AIS, situation management, and intensity-based learning) for Crisis Response operations. In addition, the proposed Response model is applied on the spread of pandemic influenza in Egypt as a case study.
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Bridging the Gap between Crisis Response Operations and Systems
Annals of the University of Craiova - Mathematics and Computer Science Series, 2009Co-Authors: Khaled M. Khalil, Mohamed Abdel-aziz, Taymour T. Nazmy, Abdel-badeeh M. SalemAbstract:There exist huge problems in the current practice of Crisis Response operations. Response problems are projected as a combination of failure in communication, failure in technology, failure in methodology, failure of management, and finally failure of observation. In this paper we compare eight Crisis Response systems namely: DrillSim [2, 13], DEFACTO [12, 17], ALADDIN [1, 6], RoboCup Rescue [11, 15], FireGrid [3, 8, 18], WIPER [16], D-AESOP [4], and PLAN C [14]. Comparison results will disclose the cause of failure of current Crisis Response operations (the Response gap). Based on comparison results; we provide recommendations for bridging this gap between Response operations and systems.
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Multi-Agent Crisis Response systems - Design Requirements and Analysis of Current Systems
arXiv: Multiagent Systems, 2009Co-Authors: Khaled M. Khalil, Mohamed Abdel-aziz, Taymour T. Nazmy, Abdel-badeeh M. SalemAbstract:Crisis Response is a critical area of research, with encouraging progress in the past view yeas. The aim of the research is to contribute to building future Crisis environment where software agents, robots, responders, Crisis managers, and Crisis organizations interact to provide advice, protection and aid. This paper discusses the Crisis Response domain requirements, and provides analysis of five Crisis Response systems namely: DrillSim [2], DEFACTO [15], ALADDIN [1], RoboCup Rescue [18], and FireGrid [3]. Analysis of systems includes systems architecture and methodology. In addition, we identified features and limitations of systems based on Crisis Response domain requirements.
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The Role of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Crisis Response
arXiv: Artificial Intelligence, 2008Co-Authors: Khaled M. Khalil, Mohamed Abdel-aziz, Taymour T. Nazmy, Abdel-badeeh M. SalemAbstract:Crisis Response poses many of the most difficult information technology in Crisis management. It requires information and communication-intensive efforts, utilized for reducing uncertainty, calculating and comparing costs and benefits, and managing resources in a fashion beyond those regularly available to handle routine problems. In this paper, we explore the benefits of artificial intelligence technologies in Crisis Response. This paper discusses the role of artificial intelligence technologies; namely, robotics, ontology and semantic web, and multi-agent systems in Crisis Response.
Ajantha Dahanayake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role based situation aware information seeking and retrieval service design approach for Crisis Response
International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Nong Chen, Ajantha DahanayakeAbstract:Crisis Response involves handling information intensive processes, and coordination of large quantities of information from and for different relief-Response organizations. The information needs and Responses of such organizations are closely related to the situations and roles these organizations are involved during a Crisis relief-Response process. The information seeking and retrieval processes associated with Crisis situations influence the affectivity of Response vigor and the coordination of relief-Response activities. To provide an effective solution for a European Main Port’s Crisis Response needs, a role-based situation-aware information seeking and retrieval conceptual framework is formulated. The Conceptual framework, the design approach, and the implementation in a prototype are presented as an approach to design future Crisis Response information seeking and retrieval services. [Article copies are available for purchase from InfoSci-on-Demand.com]
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role based situation aware information seeking and retrieval for Crisis Response
2007Co-Authors: Nong Chen, Ajantha DahanayakeAbstract:Crisis Response is an information intensive process, which produces and consumes large quantities of information from, and for, different relief/Response organizations. The traditional centralized IT system design principle dominantly used to address inter- organizational information retrieval over boundaries is no longer feasible due to its lack of flexibility and adaptability to deal with dynamically changing information needs caused by the unpredictable nature of a Crisis. In this paper we present our ongoing research regarding a new service architecture for information seeking and retrieval, which offers a new way of thinking about seeking and retrieval of role-based, situation- aware information in the context of a Crisis situation. Index terms-Information seeking and retrieval, Crisis Response, situation awareness
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personalized situation aware information retrieval and access for Crisis Response
2006Co-Authors: Nong Chen, Ajantha DahanayakeAbstract:Crisis Response is an information intensive process, which produces or consumes large quantities of information from different relief organizations. Although personalized information retrieval and access has been realized as an efficient means to accelerate information acquisitions, most IT enabled applications in the fields can only provide uniform information to all the involved relief organizations. The traditional centralized design principle dominantly used to address the inter-organizational information accesses over boundaries is no longer feasible due to its lack of flexibility and adaptability to deal with dynamically changing information needs caused by the unpredictable nature of the crises. In this paper we present our ongoing research regarding a plug and play service architecture for personalized, situation aware information retrieval and access services, which offers a new way of thinking about the retrieval of personalized information in the context of Crisis Response.
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Information Seeking and Retrieval Service for Crisis Response
Crisis Response and Management and Emerging Information Systems, 1Co-Authors: Nong Chen, Ajantha DahanayakeAbstract:Crisis Response involves handling information intensive processes, and coordination of large quantities of information from and for different relief-Response organizations. The information needs and Responses of such organizations are closely related to the situations and roles these organizations are involved during a Crisis relief-Response process. The information seeking and retrieval processes associated with Crisis situations influence the affectivity of Response vigor and the coordination of relief-Response activities. To provide an effective solution for a European Main Port’s Crisis Response needs, a role-based situation-aware information seeking and retrieval conceptual framework is formulated. The conceptual framework, the design approach, and the implementation in a prototype are presented as an approach to design future Crisis Response for information seeking and retrieval services.
Christopher J Deflitch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the usefulness of information and communication technologies in Crisis Response
American Medical Informatics Association Annual Symposium, 2008Co-Authors: Sharoda A Paul, Madhu C Reddy, Joanna Abraham, Christopher J DeflitchAbstract:Information and communication technologies (ICTs) play a vital role in coordinating Crisis Response between pre-hospital services and emergency departments of hospitals. In spite of the advances in these technologies, there remain a variety of challenges to their usage during a Crisis. To identify these challenges, we conducted focus group interviews with emergency department (ED) and emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. We found that ED and EMS personnel have widely varying perceptions about the usefulness and ease-of-use of information tools and communication tools used in Crisis management. We discuss the importance of bringing together communication and information tools into integrated networks of ICTs for effective Crisis Response. We also highlight design features of ICTs which can support seamless and effective communication and coordination between ED and EMS teams.
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AMIA - The Usefulness of Information and Communication Technologies in Crisis Response
AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2008Co-Authors: Sharoda A Paul, Madhu C Reddy, Joanna Abraham, Christopher J DeflitchAbstract:Information and communication technologies (ICTs) play a vital role in coordinating Crisis Response between pre-hospital services and emergency departments of hospitals. In spite of the advances in these technologies, there remain a variety of challenges to their usage during a Crisis. To identify these challenges, we conducted focus group interviews with emergency department (ED) and emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. We found that ED and EMS personnel have widely varying perceptions about the usefulness and ease-of-use of information tools and communication tools used in Crisis management. We discuss the importance of bringing together communication and information tools into integrated networks of ICTs for effective Crisis Response. We also highlight design features of ICTs which can support seamless and effective communication and coordination between ED and EMS teams.
Shan L. Pan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Role of IT in Crisis Response: Lessons from Sars and Asian Tsunami Disasters
2009Co-Authors: Dorothy E. Leidner, Gary Pan, Shan L. PanAbstract:Research on Crisis management recognizes the important role of information although few studies of Crisis Response deal explicitly with information systems. In this paper, we present a case study of Singapore's Response to the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters. Using the resource-based view of the firm as our theoretical lens, we examine three research questions: what IS resources are needed in Crisis Response, how are these IS resources bundled with other non-IS resources, and how are they effectively coordinated? Our analysis of the case suggests that existing assets such as information technology infrastructure, leadership, and collaborative networks and existing capabilities such as the ability to build and apply IT, the ability to recognize signals and the ability to see the big picture are critical during Crisis Response. The actions taken using these assets and capabilities include informing resolutely, gaining stakeholder commitment and agile mobilizing of people and IT. Our analysis further suggests that coordination mechanisms, namely the Crisis Response organizational, informational, and IT structures, are important facilitators of the Response actions. The resulting framework of resource deployment during Crisis Response extends the resource based view of the firm into a cooperative setting, aiming to understand the nature of IS resource value in a cooperative context, and considers not just the resources per se, but the means of coordination the resources.
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The role of IT in Crisis Response: Lessons from the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters
The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 2009Co-Authors: Dorothy E. Leidner, Gary Pan, Shan L. PanAbstract:Research on Crisis management recognizes the important role of information although few studies of Crisis Response deal explicitly with information systems. In this paper, we present a case study of Singapore's Response to the SARS and Asian Tsunami disasters. Using the resource-based view of the firm as our theoretical lens, we examine three research questions: what IS resources are needed in Crisis Response, how are these IS resources bundled with other non-IS resources, and how are they effectively coordinated? Our analysis of the case suggests that existing assets such as information technology infrastructure, leadership, and collaborative networks and existing capabilities such as the ability to build and apply IT, the ability to recognize signals and the ability to see the big picture are critical during Crisis Response. The actions taken using these assets and capabilities include informing resolutely, gaining stakeholder commitment and agile mobilizing of people and IT. Our analysis further suggests that coordination mechanisms, namely the Crisis Response organizational, informational, and IT structures, are important facilitators of the Response actions. The resulting framework of resource deployment during Crisis Response extends the resource based view of the firm into a cooperative setting, aiming to understand the nature of IS resource value in a cooperative context, and considers not just the resources per se, but the means of coordination the resources.